Investigation of cardiac functions and aortic stiffness in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus: A prospective study

Objective: Cardiovascular diseases represent the most serious complications in the patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM). Endothelial dysfunction and increased aortic stiffness play role in the occurance of these disorders. Aim of this study is to evaluate the patients cardiac functions and aortic elasticity parameters in children with type 1 DM. Materials and methods: Thirty nine patients with type 1 DM and 39 controls were included in the study. After physical examination, cardiac evaluation was performed with conventional echocardiography, Doppler and tissue Doppler echocardiography. Aortic elasticty parameters were calculated. Results: Systolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure (MAP), pulse pressure (PP) and heart rate (HR) were higher in the patients than controls (p0.05, for all). Aortic systolic and diastolic diameters and aortic elasticity parameters were similar with controls (p>0.05, for all). Echocardiographic parameters and aortic elasticity parameters were similar in the patients who were grouped according to hemoglobin A1c and duration of diabetes (p>0.05, for all). E wave velocity was positively related with PP, while E’/A’ was positively associated with HR and negatively associated with MAP and diastolic blood pressure (p<0.05, for all). Conclusions: Diastolic dysfunction findings were stated in the diabetic children. Even though aortic compliance did not show impairment, periodic cardiac evaluation should be performed in case of progression. Patients with type 1 diabetes should be monitored for endothelial dysfunction and aortic stiffness when the prolonged life expectancy was taken into account for diabetic children

Clinical and Laboratory Characteristics of Hyperprolactinemia in Children and Adolescents: National Survey

Conclusion: We present the largest cohort of children and adolescents with hyperprolactinemia in the literature to date. Hyperprolactinemia is more common in females and cabergoline is highly effective and practical to use in adolescents, due to its biweekly dosing. Indications for surgery in pediatric cases need to be revised

Pituitary imaging findings in pediatric patients with idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism

Objective. Idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in children is a disease leading to a puberty absence. Some hypothalamic and pituitary defects cause hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. Pituitary magnetic resonance imaging is routinely performed in these patients. In our study, we provide an information about pituitary pathologies associated with an idiopathic hypogonado-tropic hypogonadism in childhood

CLINICAL AND LABORATORY CHARACTERISTICS OF HYPERPROLACTINEMIC CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS: NATIONAL SURVEY

Abaci, Ayhan/0000-0002-1812-0321; siklar, zeynep/0000-0003-0921-2694; Eren, Erdal/0000-0002-1684-1053; Turan, Serap/0000-0002-5172-5402WOS: 000412595403211

CLINICAL AND LABORATORY CHARACTERISTICS OF HYPERPROLACTINEMIC CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS: NATIONAL SURVEY

WOS: 000412595403211

Clinical and Laboratory Characteristics of Hyperprolactinemia in Children and Adolescents: National Survey

siklar, zeynep/0000-0003-0921-2694; Eren, Erdal/0000-0002-1684-1053; Turan, Serap/0000-0002-5172-5402; Torel Ergur, Ayca/0000-0002-7792-1727; Bas, Serpil/0000-0001-6210-4807; berberoglu, merih/0000-0003-3102-0242; Mengen, Eda/0000-0003-1597-8418WOS: 000469271100006PubMed: 30396878Objective: We aimed to report the characteristics at admission, diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of cases of pediatric hyperprolactinemia in a large multicenter study. Methods: We reviewed the records of 233 hyperprolactinemic patients, under 18 years of age, who were followed by different centers. The patients were divided as having microadenomas, macroadenomas, drug-induced hyperprolactinemia and idiopathic hyperprolactinemia. Complaints of the patients, their mode of treatment (medication and/or surgery) and outcomes were evaluated in detail. Results: The mean age of the patients with hyperprolactinemia was 14.5 years, and 88.4% were females. In terms of etiology, microadenomas were observed in 32.6 %, macroadenomas in 27 %, idiopathic hyperprolactinemia in 22.7% and drug-induced hyperprolactinemia in 6.4 %. Other causes of hyperprolactinemia were defined in 11.3%. Common complaints in females (n = 206) were sorted into menstrual irregularities, headaches, galactorrhea, primary or secondary amenorrhea and weight gain, whereas headache, gynecomastia, short stature and blurred vision were common in males (n = 27). Median prolactin levels were 93.15 ng/mL, 241.8 ng/ml, 74.5 ng/mL, 93.2 ng/mL, and 69 ng/mL for microadenomas, macroadenomas, idiopathic hyperprolactinemia, drug-induced hyperprolactinemia, and other causes of hyperprolactinemia, respectively. Of 172 patients with hyperprolactinemia, 77.3 % were treated with cabergoline and 13.4 % with bromocriptine. 20.1 % of the patients with pituitary adenomas underwent pituitary surgery. Conclusion: We present the largest cohort of children and adolescents with hyperprolactinemia in the literature to date. Hyperprolactinemia is more common in females and cabergoline is highly effective and practical to use in adolescents, due to its biweekly dosing. Indications for surgery in pediatric cases need to be revised.Turkish Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes Society [2015-1136]; National Pediatric Endocrinology SocietyThis work was supported by a grant from the Turkish Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes Society (2015-1136). The authors would like to thank the National Pediatric Endocrinology Society for financial and technical support for the paper

Clinical and Laboratory Characteristics of Hyperprolactinemia in Children and Adolescents: National Survey

Objective: We aimed to report the characteristics at admission, diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of cases of pediatric hyperprolactinemia in a large multicenter study. Methods: We reviewed the records of 233 hyperprolactinemic patients, under 18 years of age, who were followed by different centers. The patients were divided as having microadenomas, macroadenomas, drug-induced hyperprolactinemia and idiopathic hyperprolactinemia. Complaints of the patients, their mode of treatment (medication and/or surgery) and outcomes were evaluated in detail. Results: The mean age of the patients with hyperprolactinemia was 14.5 years, and 88.4\% were females. In terms of etiology, microadenomas were observed in 32.6 \%, macroadenomas in 27 \%, idiopathic hyperprolactinemia in 22.7\% and drug-induced hyperprolactinemia in 6.4 \%. Other causes of hyperprolactinemia were defined in 11.3\%. Common complaints in females (n = 206) were sorted into menstrual irregularities, headaches, galactorrhea, primary or secondary amenorrhea and weight gain, whereas headache, gynecomastia, short stature and blurred vision were common in males (n = 27). Median prolactin levels were 93.15 ng/mL, 241.8 ng/ml, 74.5 ng/mL, 93.2 ng/mL, and 69 ng/mL for microadenomas, macroadenomas, idiopathic hyperprolactinemia, drug-induced hyperprolactinemia, and other causes of hyperprolactinemia, respectively. Of 172 patients with hyperprolactinemia, 77.3 \% were treated with cabergoline and 13.4 \% with bromocriptine. 20.1 \% of the patients with pituitary adenomas underwent pituitary surgery. Conclusion: We present the largest cohort of children and adolescents with hyperprolactinemia in the literature to date. Hyperprolactinemia is more common in females and cabergoline is highly effective and practical to use in adolescents, due to its biweekly dosing. Indications for surgery in pediatric cases need to be revised