Toward a Theory of Practical Drift in Teams

Practical drift is defined as the unintentional adaptation of routine behaviors from written procedure. The occurrence of practical drift can result in catastrophic disaster in high-reliability organizations (e.g. the military, emergency medicine, space exploration). Given the lack of empirical research on practical drift, this research sought to develop a better understanding by investigating ways to assess and stop the process in high-reliability organizations. An introductory literature review was conducted to investigate the variables that play a role in the occurrence of practical drift in teams. Research was guided by the input-throughput-output model of team adaptation posed by Burke, Stagl, Salas, Pierce, and Kendall (2006). It demonstrates relationships supported by the results of the literature review and the Burke and colleagues (2006) model denoting potential indicators of practical drift in teams. Research centralized on the core processes and emergent states of the adaptive cycle; namely, shared mental models, team situation awareness, and coordination. The resulting model shows the relationship of procedure—practice coupling demands misfit and maladaptive violations of procedure being mediated by shared mental models, team situation awareness, and coordination. Shared mental models also lead to team situation awareness, and both depict a mutual, positive relationship with coordination. The cycle restarts when an error caused by maladaptive violations of procedure creates a greater misfit between procedural demands and practical demands. This movement toward a theory of practical drift in teams provides a conceptual framework and testable propositions for future research to build from, giving practical avenues to predict and prevent accidents resulting from drift in high-reliability organizations. Suggestions for future research are also discussed, including possible directions to explore. By examining the relationships reflected in the new model, steps can be taken to counteract organizational failures in the process of practical drift in teams

The vitamins A and D activity of egg yolks of different color concentrations

Publication authorized January 26, 1934."A part of the data contained in this paper was submitted by Virginia Appleby and Adelia Weis in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in the Graduate School of the University of Missouri, 1933"--P. [5].Digitized 2007 AES.Includes bibliographical references (page 32)

The relation of the carotenoid pigments of the diet to the growth of young chicks and to the storage in their tissues

Publication authorized April 9, 1947."The data contained in this bulletin were submitted by Adelia E. Weiss in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of the University of Missouri, 1942"--P. [5].Digitized 2007 AES.Includes bibliographical references (pages 51-52)

Instruction in College Freshman Composition. Final Report.

The research attempted to determine whether or not there was any difference between the scores of two groups of juniors; both of which had no freshman composition instruction; but one of which (Group 1) had composition instruction in the junior year and the other (Group 2) had not. Three measures; COOP; CEEB; and a theme; were administered at the end of the sophomore year and again at the time when Group 1 completed the course. Comparisons were made between scores of the two groups; of the males of each group; and of the females of each group. Results are: (1) There was no statistically significant difference in favor of Group 1 as measured by COOP; (2) There was a statistically significant difference in favor of the males in Group 1 over the males in Group 2 as measured by COOP; (3) The significant difference referred to in (1) above is due to the male group; (4) There was no significant difference between Group 1 and Group 2 as measured by CEEB and a theme. The results of this research are inconclusive so far as the value of a composition course at the junior year is concerned. (CK

The association between valence of social media experiences and depressive symptoms

Background: Social media (SM) may confer emotional benefits via connection with others. However, epidemiologic studies suggest that overall SM is paradoxically associated with increased depressive symptoms. To better understand these findings, we examined the association between positive and negative experiences on SM and depressive symptoms. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey of 1,179 full-time students at the University of West Virginia ages 18–30 in August of 2016. Independent variables were self-reported positive and negative experiences on SM. The dependent variable was depressive symptoms as measured using the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measures Information System. We used multivariable logistic regression to assess associations between SM experiences and depressive symptoms controlling for socio-demographic factors including age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, relationship status, and living situation. Results: Of the 1,179 participants, 62% were female, 28% were non-White, and 51% were single. After controlling for covariates, each 10% increase in positive experiences on SM was associated with a 4% decrease in odds of depressive symptoms, but this was not statistically significant (AOR=0.96; 95% CI=0.91-1.002). However, each 10% increase in negative experiences was associated with a 20% increase in odds of depressive symptoms (AOR=1.20; 95% CI=1.11-1.31). When both independent variables were included in the same model, the association between negative experiences and depressive symptoms remained significant (AOR=1.19, 95% CI=1.10-1.30). Conclusion: Negative experiences online may have higher potency than positive ones because of negativity bias. Future research should examine temporality to determine if it is also possible that individuals with depressive symptomatology are inclined toward negative interactions

Telerounding: A Scoping Review and Implications for Future Healthcare Practice

Telerounding is slated to become an important avenue for future healthcare practice. As utilization of telerounding is increasing, a review of the literature is necessary to distill themes and identify critical considerations for the implementation of telerounding. We provide evidence of the utility of telerounding and considerations to support its implementation in future healthcare practice based on a scoping review. Method: We collected articles from nine scientific databases from the earliest dated available articles to August 2020. We identified whether each article centered on telerounding policies, regulations, or practice. We also organized information from each article and sorted themes into four categories: sample characteristics, technology utilized, study constructs, and research outcomes. Results: We identified 21 articles related to telerounding that fit our criteria. All articles emphasized telerounding practice. Most articles reported data collected from surgical wards, had adult samples, and utilized robotic telerounding systems. Most articles reported null effects or positive effects on their measured variables. Discussion: Providers and patients can benefit from the effective implementation of telerounding. Telerounding can support patient care by reducing travel expenses and opportunities for infection. Evidence suggests that telerounding can reduce patient length of stay. Patients and providers are willing to utilize telerounding, but patient willingness is influenced by age and education. Telerounding does not appear to negatively impact satisfaction or patient care. Organizations seeking to implement telerounding systems must consider education for their providers, logistics associated with hardware and software, scheduling, and characteristics of the organizational context that can support telerounding. Considerations provided in this article can mitigate difficulties associated with the implementation of telerounding

Drugs And Addiction In The Work Of Carlos Velázquez

Coahuilan author Carlos Velázquez is one of the latest in a long line of Mexican writers who have portrayed intoxicated and addicted subjectivities in their country. Velázquez in particular centers addiction as part of a critique of the effects of neoliberal capitalism in northern Mexico. His work politicizes addiction by invoking the importance of social structures in its genesis through grotesque and dark sa?re as well as a self-conscious dialogue with metropolitan cultures that echoes that of much La?n American literature. In this way, his work transcends facile divisions between the “producing” Global South and “consuming” North and lays bare the essential relationship between capitalism and addiction in a manner that foregrounds Southern subjectivity and demands a say in the definition of what drugs, intoxication and addiction mean

Hacia una literatura de disidencia sexual en México con dos Bildungsromane bisexuales: Púrpura, de Ana García Bergua, y Fruta verde, de Enrique Serna

En este artículo propongo una lectura de las novelas mexicanas Púrpura, de Ana García Bergua, y Fruta verde, de Enrique Serna, como representaciones de la bisexualidad que se insertan en, y a la vez rompen con, una tradición literaria que retrata la homosexualidad masculina. Leo el empleo de la ironía y el performance de género en los textos como señalamiento de las contradicciones y dificultades sociales que conllevan la orientación bisexual. El diálogo de las obras con la tradición de la novela de formación problematiza la expresión de sexualidades no normativas y plantea una crítica de las identidades sexuales basadas en el binarismo hetero / homosexual. Sostengo que estas obras deben ser incluidas en y analizadas dentro de la tradición literaria mexicana que retrata sexualidades disidentes, entre las cuales la bisexualidad ha sido una identidad marginada.