Determination of interior design criteria by using visual perception in educational spaces of students with autism spectrum disorders

Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu (OSB) olan çocuklar, yaşam boyu süren farklılığa sahiptir. Erken tanı, doğru/sürekli eğitim ve özellikle mekânın eğitime dâhil edilmesiyle, bu çocukların yeterlilikleri çerçevesinde topluma fayda üretmeleri sağlanabilir. Bu çalışmada; günümüzde OSB’li öğrencilerin özel eğitimlerini verimli alabilmeleri için ihtiyaç duydukları iç mekân tasarımlarının olmaması, problem olarak belirlenmiştir. Amaç, OSB’li öğrencilerin özel eğitimleri için en uygun iç mekân tasarımını yapmak ve ölçütlerini ortaya koymaktır. Çalışmada ilk olarak, Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu, mekân algısı, görsel algı/unsurları konularının alanyazın araştırması yapılmıştır. İkinci olarak çocukların mekân algısında görsel algının önemi vurgulanmış ve görsel algı unsurları olan “biçim”, “doku”, “malzeme”, “ışık”, “renk” üzerinden sorular sınıflandırılarak hazırlanmış, biri rehber öğretmeni diğeri özel eğitim öğretmeni ile görüşülmüş ve OSB’li öğrencilerin mekân algısı üzerine bilgiler soru-cevap niteliğinde toplanmıştır. Üçüncü olarak, OSB tanılı öğrenciler ve/veya ebeveynleriyle başka araştırmacıların yaptıkları anket çalışmalarının sonuç verilerinden faydalanılmıştır. Anket çalışmalarından yapılan çıkarımların görsel algı unsurlarıyla ilişkisi irdelenmiş ve iç mekân tasarımlarındaki somut karşılıkları belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Toplanan tüm veriler, görsel algı unsurları üzerinden beş alt başlık altında incelenmiştir. Erken tanı ile doğru ve sürekli eğitimin öneminden dolayı üç-on iki yaş arası OSB’li öğrenciler, çalışma kapsamına alınmıştır. Elde edilen bulguların değerlendirilmesi sonucunda belirlenen tasarım ölçütleri tablo üzerinden açıklanmıştır. Yapılan bu çalışma, benzer alanlarda yapılacak çalışmalara alt yapı bilgilerini sunmakta ve alana katkı sağlaması hedeflenmektedir.Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have lifelong differentness. With early diagnosis, accurate / continuing education and, especially with the inclusion of space in education, these children can be provided to produce benefits for society within the frame of their competencies. In this study; at present, the lack of interior designs that students with ASD need, to have their special education efficiently has been identified as a problem. The aim is to design the most appropriate interior space and to present criteria of it for students with ASD. First in this study, literature research was conducted on the subjects of Autism Spectrum Disorder, perception of space, and visual perception. Secondly, the importance of visual perception in children's perception of space was emphasized and questions were prepared by classifying the visual perception elements that appear as five elements: "form", "texture", "material", "light" and "color". Two people were interviewed, one of whom was a counselor teacher and the other was a special education teacher, and information was collected in form of questions and answers on the perception of space of students with ASD. Thirdly, the result data of questionnaire studies conducted by other researchers made with students diagnosed with ASD and/or their parents were utilized. The relation of the inferences made from the questionnaire studies with visual perception elements was examined and tangible equivalents in interior design were tried to be determined. All collected data were analyzed under five sub-headings over visual perception elements. Due to the importance of accurate and continuing education with early diagnosis, students with ASD between the ages of three and twelve were included in the study. Determined design criteria as a result of the evaluation of obtained findings are explained in the table. This study provides background information for future studies in similar areas, and it is aimed that this study will contribute to this field

Biological responses of ceramic bone spacers produced by green processing of additively manufactured thin meshes

Bone spacers are exclusively used for replacing the tissue after trauma and/or diseases. Ceramic materials bring positive opportunities to enhance greater osteointegration and performance of implants, yet processing of porous geometries can be challenging. Additive Manufacturing (AM) opens opportunities to grade porosity levels in a part; however, its productivity may be low due to its batch processing approach. The paper studies the biological responses yielded by hydroxyapatite with ß-TCP (tricalcium phosphate) ceramic porous bone spacers manufactured by robocasting 2-layer meshes that are rolled in green and sintered. The implants are assessed in vitro and in vivo for their compatibility. Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells attached, proliferated and differentiated on the bone spacers produced. Cells on the spacers presented alkaline phosphatase staining, confirming osteogenic differentiation. They also expressed bone-specific COL1A1, BGAP, BSP, and SPP1 genes. The fold change of these genes ranged between 8 to 16 folds compared to controls. When implanted into the subcutaneous tissue of rabbits, they triggered collagen fibre formation and mild fibroblastic proliferation. In conclusion, rolled AM-meshes bone spacers stimulated bone formation in vitro and were biocompatible in vivo. This technology may give the advantage to custom produce spacers at high production rates if industrially upscaled.Postprint (published version

Attitudes and Knowledge Related to the Emergency Contraception of the Women Aged 15 - 49

Giriş: Kadınlar üreme çağı boyunca istenmeyen gebelik yaşayabilirler. Korunmasız bir cinsel ilişki istenmeyen gebeliklere yol açar. Acilkontrasepsiyon korunmasız cinsel ilişki sonrasında gebelik riskini azaltmaktadır. Amaç: Araştırma üreme çağındaki (15-49 yaş) kadınlarınacil kontrasepsiyona ilişkin bilgi ve tutumlarını belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı olarak planlanan çalışmanınörneklemini Sivas il merkezine bağlı 20 sağlık ocağına kayıtlı olan 15-49 yaşındaki kadınlardan 01.12.2009 / 01.02.2010 tarihleri arasındasağlık ocağına başvuran, araştırmaya katılmayı kabul eden 297 kadın oluşturmuştur. Veriler araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen, 28maddelik soru formu kullanılarak yüz yüze görüşme tekniği ile toplanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler SPSS (Ver:10.0) programında sayı, yüzdeolarak değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Kadınların %27'si son yaşadığı cinsel ilişkide aile planlaması yöntemi kullanmamıştır. İstenmeyengebelik durumunda kadınların %56.2'si doğuracaklarını söylerken, %34'ü aldıracağını veya düşürmeye çalışacağını ifade etmiştir.Kadınların %65.2'si acil kontrasepsiyon ve yöntemleri konusunda bilgi sahibi olmadıklarını belirtmişlerdir. Sonuç: Acil kontrasepsiyonfarkındalığı belli bir düzeyde olsa da, kullanım oranı ve bilgi düzeyi düşük düzeylerdedir. Kadınlara profesyonel sağlık personeli tarafındanyapılacak acil kontrasepsiyon konusunda eğitim ve danışmanlık, kadınların bu konuda bilinçlenmelerini ve istenmeyen gebeliklerinönlenmesini sağlayarak, kadın sağlığının korunmasına katkıda bulunacaktır. Background: Women of reproductive age have experienced an unplanned pregnancy. Unprotected sexual intercourse lead to unintendedpregnancies. Emergency contraception (EC) reduces women's risk for pregnancy after unprotected intercourse. Objectives: This study hasbeen carried out to determine the attitudes and knowledge related to the emergency contraception of the women aged 15-49. Methods: Theplot of the study planned as a descriptive sample of 297 women accepted to go in the study, who applied in the 20 health centers between thedates of 01.12.2009/01.02.2010 87200 of women aged 15-49 who are registered into the 20 health centers of Sivas city center. Data of theresearch has been collected through the face to face interview in which a questionaire consist of 28 questions prepared by the researchers.Data collected has been evaluated as number, percentage with the SPSS program. Results: 27% of women hasn't used any family planningmethod during the last sexual intercourse.. In case of the unwanted pregnancy 56.2% of women declared that they would give birth, 34%would go for abortion or try to abort it. 65.2% of women told that they didn't have any information about the emergency contraception andmethods. Conclusion: Although awareness of emergency contraception is at an apparent level the using rate and knowledge level of themethod is at a very low level. If they are informed about the topic, their attitudes toward the usage of the emergency contraception methodswill change in a positive way. Women can be equipped and unwanted pregnancies can be prevented with the effective training andconsulting services by the professional health staff like midwife, nurse and doctor etc. This would contribute to the protecting the womenhealth in general

İlköğretim I. kademede görülen zorba davranışların sınıf değişkenleri ve atmosferi algılamalarına göre incelenmesi

TEZ6526Tez (Yüksek Lisans) -- Çukurova Üniversitesi, Adana, 2007.Kaynakça (s.82-93) var.x, 102 s. : res. ; 29 cm.This research aims to investigate the bullying observed at elementary schools in view of the perception of class variables and atmosphere. For that purpose, prevalence and types of the bullying observed in classes is precised, victim and bully students are evaluated in view of the class variables and perception types of the class atmosphere are determined. The research is conducted upon 488 fourth and fifth graders, 239 girls and 249 boys, who attend to elementary schools during 2007-2008 academic year affiliated to Avcılar district Ministry of Education in Istanbul. In order to determine the prevalence and types of the bullying that students practice and are exposed to, inventories that are developed by the researcher, Bullying Attitudes Survey, half-structured Student Interview Form, Personal Information Form, Class Atmosphere Scale (Şeker 2000), Who Is This and Who I Am According To Whom, are used. When the research findings are evaluated as a whole, it strikes that the prevalence rate of the bullying observed among students and the number of students involved in bullying is quite high. The bullying types that students are exposed most is found out to be as follows: ""pushing"" under the physical bullying classification,Araştırmanın amacı, ilköğretim sınıflarda görülen zorbalık davranışlarını sınıf değişkenleri ve sınıf atmosferi algılamaları açısından incelemektir. Bu amaçla önce sınıflarda görülen zorbalığın yaygınlığı ve türleri ortaya çıkarılmış, zorbalığa karışmayan, kurban ve zorba öğrenciler, sınıf değişkenleri açısından değerlendirilmiş ve sınıf atmosferini algılama biçimleri ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Araştırma, 2006-2007 öğretim yılında İstanbul ili Avcılar İlçe Milli Eğitim Müdürlüğü'ne bağlı ilköğretim okullarının, dördüncü ve beşinci sınıflarında eğitim gören 239'u kız ve 249'u da erkek olmak üzere toplam 488 öğrenci üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada, öğrencilerin maruz kaldığı ve uyguladığı zorbalık türlerini ve yaygınlığını belirlemek için araştırmacı tarafından geliştirilen Zorba Davranışlar Anketi, yarı yapılandırılmış Öğrenci Görüşme Formu, Kişisel Bilgiler Formu, Sınıf Atmosferi Ölçeği (Şeker 2000), Kimdir Bu ve Kime Göre Ben Neyim envanterleri kullanılmıştır. Araştırma bulguları bir bütün olarak değerlendirildiğinde ilköğretim okullarında öğrencileri arasında görülen zorbalık olaylarının yaygınlığının ve zorbalık olaylarına karışan öğrencilerin oranın oldukça yüksek olduğu dikkati çekmiştir.Bu çalışma Ç.Ü. Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Birimi Tarafından Desteklenmiştir. Proje No

Gördes nikel kobalt proses tesisinde yapılan risk değerlendirmesi.

High pressure acid leach (HPAL) is commonly utilized hydrometallurgical process for low grade laterites for the extraction of nickel and cobalt. The plant malfunctions bring about catastrophic accidents that prove the irreversible effects on human life, society, environment and economy. Identification of hazards is one of most important study for the risk assessment. Thus, investigating and reducing the probability of hazards and risks and inhibition of such accidents is very crucial for community and firms. In this study, the risk assessment of the Gördes Nickel–Cobalt process plant was performed. The plant is a huge construction and has complex working mechanism intrinsically can result in serious work accidents. This study was aimed at investigating the possible hazards and risks to construct risk assessment to contribute to develop risk assessment plans and risk management strategies for the plant operations and mine site. Firstly, system’s working principle was searched. Determination of possible hazards at units, estimation probability and severity of results caused by hazards and decision making of acceptable risk levels, elimination of risk or planning actions for decreasing the risk in terms of suitable safeguards and recommendations based on engineering judgement and previous data was done. In addition, accident data of five years (2014-2018) was investigated in order to determine the critical nodes of process plant, jobs, working hours etc. As a result of the present study, the most risky area is HPAL that employees had accident mostly at HPAL area by 10.65 percent due to the unacceptable level of risk inherent in its operation. Unacceptable level of risk in the process plant can be decreased by level, flow, pressure, temperature monitoring, control valve, secondary containment, interlock system, spare pump, level alarm etc. Accident statistics shows that the almost all accidents can be prevented by proper training, development of safety culture and administrative arrangement. This study can contribute to the integration of the occupational health and safety management system with quality, environmental, financial management systems, and sustainability of the whole system. This process plant has been unique for Turkey, thereby risk assessment’s analysis may be a reference for similar plants to be constructed in future. In addition, accident analysis of the process plant can help to focus on risky working areas and conditions, thus the accident prevention techniques and appropriate trainings can be developed in terms of the results of the analyses.Thesis (M.S.) -- Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences. Mining Engineering

Fluorescent sporopollenin microcapsule modified by BODIPY for sensitive&selective recognition and efficient removal of Cu (II) from aqueous solution

WOS:000785096500006Sporopollenin microcapsules (sporopollenin exine capsule (SEC)) have characteristic holes with 25 μm diameter and can be chemically obtained from the natural pollen grains. In this paper, a BODIPY derivative was successfully immobilized on SEC modified with 3-(aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) to obtain a fluorescent microcapsule sensor (Sp-APTES-monoBODIPY) and then it was used for both sensitive-selective detection and removal of Cu (II) ions. The prepared surfaces were characterized by several techniques like FT-IR, SEM, XRD. The photophysical measurements (response time, pH, complex stoichiometry, etc.) were fluorometrically performed for the detection of Cu (II) ions in the fluorescence spectroscopy. The limit of detection (LOD) and quantified (LOQ) are 4.9 × 10−7 M and 1.2 × 10−6 M for the detection of Cu (II) which is challenging, respectively. Otherwise, about the removal of Cu (II) with Sp-APTES-monoBODIPY fluorescent microcapsule, we also calculated the maximum isotherm parameters and adsorption capacities from the Freundlich, Dubinin-Radushkevich and Langmuir equations. When the Sp-APTES-monoBODIPY was used as an adsorbent for the removal of Cu (II) ions, the adsorption kinetics and isotherms well fitted the pseudo-second-order model and the Langmuir model, respectively. The maximum adsorption capacity is 25 mg.g−1. All results showed that the synthesized fluorescent microcapsule can be used as an ideal adsorbent and sensor material of Cu (II) ions for simultaneous environmental cleaning applications

Karotis arter stenozlarında endovasküler tedavi ve erken takip sonuçları

Giriş: Karotis arterin oklüzif hastalığında karotis anjiyop-lasti ve stentleme karotid endarterektomiye oranla daha az invazif olan bir alternatiftir. Bu çalışmada ünitemizde 90 hastaya uygulanan karotis arter endovasküler tedavi ve stentleme işlemlerinin erken takip sonuçlarını bildir-meyi amaçladık. Materyal ve Metot: Mart 2004 ve Nisan 2008 tarihleri arasında 90 hastanın 99 lezyonuna endovasküler tedavi ve stentleme uygulanmıştır. Tüm hastalara transfemoral yolla koruma şemsiyesi kullanılarak kendiliğinden geniş-leyen stentler ve gerekli görülürse balon dilatasyon uygulandı. Tüm hastalara 3, 6, 12. aylarda ve daha sonra yılda bir rutin doppler US kontrolü yapıldı. Bulgular: On sekiz hastada komplikasyon gelişti. İşlem sonrası 5 (%5,5) hastada geçici iskemik atak 3 (%3,3) hastada major stroke, 5 (%5,5) hastada miyokard in-farktüsü ve 8 (%8,8) hastada ölüm görüldü. Sonuç: Karotis arter aterosklerotik hastalığında endo-vasküler stentleme işlemi karotid endarterektomiye giderek artan oranda alternatif olarak gösterilmektedir. Özellikle cerrahi için yüksek risk taşıyan hasta grubunda tek seçenek olarak görülmektedir. Son dönemde distal koruma filtrelerinin gelişmesi ile karotis arter stentleme işlemi daha güvenilir ve etkili bir yöntem olmuştur.Purpose: Carotid artery angioplasty and stenting currently represents a less invasive percutaneous alternative to conventional carotid endarterectomy for the carotid occlusive disease. The aim of this article is to report our experience and early outcomes of carotid stenting in our first 90 consecutive patients. Material and Method: Between March 2004 and April 2008, 90 consecutive patients (74 males, 16 females) with 99 lesions underwent carotid artery angioplasty and stenting at the our interventional radiology unit. All procedures were performed through long transfemoral way with using protection device, self-expandable stents, and balloon dilatation. All patients underwent routine Doppler ultrasound scanning. Results: Within four year of the procedure 18 patients had complications, including cerebrovascular death in one patient, 3 non-fatal major stroke, 5 transient ischemic attacks, 3 stent occlusion, restenosis in five patients. Conclusion: Endovascular stent and treatment of carotid artery atherosclerotic disease is growing as an alternative to vascular surgery, especially for patients that are at high risk for standard carotid endarterectomy. Carotid artery angioplasty and stenting is more feasible and effective when distal protection devices are used

The effects of leadership on safety outcomes: The mediating roles of trust and safety climate

Background: In the current study, the mediating roles of safety climate and trust in the relations between leadership styles which are transformational and transactional and safety outcomes which are safety compliance and safety participation are studied.Methods and Material: 101 blue-collar workers from a company in Zonguldak were participated in the study.Results: The results showed that transactional leadership is strongly associated with safety climate. As predicted, transformational leadership is found to be significantly correlated with safety participation.Conclusions: Moreover, transactional leadership is strongly correlated with safety compliance. Both safety climate and trust showed significant correlation with both of the safety outcomes. The mediating roles of trust and safety climate within the relations between transactional leadership and safety compliance and transformational leadership and safety participation are also found