Análise da gestão estratégica de estoques em uma indústria têxtil: um estudo de caso / Analysis of strategic inventory management in a textile industry: a case study

As empresas têm desenvolvido suas estratégias para se manter competitivas no mercado. Uma considerável parte da logística empresarial que visa à competitividade das empresas é a gestão de estoques. Por essa perspectiva, o presente estudo buscou analisar a relação entre a gestão de estoque e as prioridades competitivas em uma empresa fabricante de bojos no interior do Estado de São Paulo. Primeiramente, foi feita uma revisão de literatura sobre gestão de estoques e prioridades competitivas. Em seguida, analisaram-se as práticas de gestão de estoques e as prioridades competitivas na empresa selecionada. Como resultado, verificou-se que a empresa prioriza a qualidade, confiabilidade e rapidez na entrega, adotando práticas de gestão de estoque congruentes a essas prioridades identificadas

Análise exploratória dos constrangimentos ao trabalhador enquanto intermediário de relações universidade-empresa em um núcleo de inovação tecnológica / Exploratory analysis of constraints to the Worker acting as an intermediary of university-industry relations in a technology transfer office

No intermédio das relações universidade-empresa realizadas pelos Núcleos de Inovação Tecnológica situam-se os agentes de inovação. Sabe-se que as ações, motivações e perspectiva dos stakeholders envolvidos no processo de transferência de tecnologia universidade-empresa são diferentes. É nesse contexto que este trabalho buscou analisar, sob a ótica da Ergonomia Situada e da Psicodinâmica do Trabalho a carga mental do sujeito intermediário do processo de transferência de tecnologia universidade-empresa a partir dos constrangimentos decorrentes destas diferenças de perspectiva. Dentre os resultados, verificou-se a existência de vivências de sofrimento no trabalho devido a excessivos mecanismos burocráticos com os quais o sujeito lida durante seu trabalho, além da necessidade de adaptabilidade do sujeito a cada novo cliente com que trabalha

Gestão da qualidade total em uma indústria de cosméticos com enfoque na produção de amenities / Total quality management in a cosmetic industry focusing on amenities production

Não importa o tipo de organização que as pessoas tenham contato diariamente – um banco, uma fábrica, uma universidade, nos dias atuais a competição por clientes sempre estará presente independente da área de atuação, e é nesse momento que a qualidade é a mais importante das estratégias competitivas. Com a gestão correta é possível alcançar o valor da qualidade, a satisfação do cliente, e consecutivamente ganhos econômicos com a adoção de estratégias e boas práticas de gestão da qualidade. O nível de exigência dos consumidores tem aumentado consideravelmente, e essa exigência aumenta a cada dia exponencialmente com o desenvolvimento das companhias e a constante busca por qualidade. Com base nesse contexto, este artigo buscou compreender como se estruturam as práticas da gestão da qualidade em uma indústria de cosméticos que tem como foco a produção de amenities (cosméticos disponibilizados para hóspedes dos serviços de hotelaria). Para isso, realizou-se um estudo de caso único em uma empresa localizada no interior do Estado de São Paulo. Com os resultados coletados, foi possível analisar a importância dos princípios e ferramentas do TQM para a empresa, uma vez que quando bem aplicados, possibilitam melhorias no processo, produtos e serviços prestados, apostando em uma organização que tem como foco central a satisfação dos clientes.

Estruturas de governança no suprimento de açúcar ao mercado industrial de alimentos processados.

This research analyzes different initiatives from entrepreneurs of Sugar Cane Agroindustry System who have been undertaking to reinforce their competitiveness after the productive deregulation of the ninety decade. Some companies started to offer differentiated products, to the industrial market, through sales processes that present different businesses structures from what they have done before the deregulation. The objective of this research is to identify the changes that happened in the sugar supply to the industrial market of food, caused by the products differentiation, more specifically in liquid and inverted sugar. The Supply Chain Management concept is going to help in the analysis of the businesses processes and the changes in the supply operations of the differentiated sugar. The analysis in the different ways from the sugar plants, which have to organize and to coordinate the sale of their products, is going to look for subsidies in the theory of Transaction Cost Economy. The research method used was multi-cases study. It was verified the existence of different governance structures for sugar supply to the industrial market and the changes in the business processes, productive, logistics and in the transactions for sale the product because of supply of differentiated sugars.Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisEsta pesquisa analisa diferentes iniciativas que os empresários do Sistema Agroindustrial (SAG) Canavieiro têm empreendido para reforçar sua competitividade após a desregulamentação produtiva da década de noventa. Algumas empresas passaram a oferecer produtos diferenciados, para o mercado industrial, sob processos de vendas que apresentam estruturas de negócios diferentes das que eram feitas antes da desregulamentação. O objetivo dessa pesquisa é identificar as mudanças que ocorreram no suprimento do açúcar ao mercado industrial de alimentos, causadas pela diferenciação de produtos, mais especificamente em açúcar líquido e invertido. A Gestão da Cadeia de Suprimentos auxiliará na análise dos processos de negócios e mudanças nas operações de suprimento do açúcar diferenciado. A análise das diferentes formas que as usinas têm para organizar e coordenar a venda de seus produtos buscará subsídios na teoria da Economia dos Custos de Transação. O método de pesquisa utilizado foi de estudo multi-casos. Verificou-se que existem diferentes estruturas de governança para suprimento de açúcar ao mercado industrial e que o suprimento de açúcares diferenciados implica em mudanças nos processos de negócios, produtivos e logísticos e nas transações para venda do produto

Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

International audienceThe shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora

Empagliflozin in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

Background The effects of empagliflozin in patients with chronic kidney disease who are at risk for disease progression are not well understood. The EMPA-KIDNEY trial was designed to assess the effects of treatment with empagliflozin in a broad range of such patients. Methods We enrolled patients with chronic kidney disease who had an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of at least 20 but less than 45 ml per minute per 1.73 m(2) of body-surface area, or who had an eGFR of at least 45 but less than 90 ml per minute per 1.73 m(2) with a urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (with albumin measured in milligrams and creatinine measured in grams) of at least 200. Patients were randomly assigned to receive empagliflozin (10 mg once daily) or matching placebo. The primary outcome was a composite of progression of kidney disease (defined as end-stage kidney disease, a sustained decrease in eGFR to < 10 ml per minute per 1.73 m(2), a sustained decrease in eGFR of & GE;40% from baseline, or death from renal causes) or death from cardiovascular causes. Results A total of 6609 patients underwent randomization. During a median of 2.0 years of follow-up, progression of kidney disease or death from cardiovascular causes occurred in 432 of 3304 patients (13.1%) in the empagliflozin group and in 558 of 3305 patients (16.9%) in the placebo group (hazard ratio, 0.72; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.64 to 0.82; P < 0.001). Results were consistent among patients with or without diabetes and across subgroups defined according to eGFR ranges. The rate of hospitalization from any cause was lower in the empagliflozin group than in the placebo group (hazard ratio, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.78 to 0.95; P=0.003), but there were no significant between-group differences with respect to the composite outcome of hospitalization for heart failure or death from cardiovascular causes (which occurred in 4.0% in the empagliflozin group and 4.6% in the placebo group) or death from any cause (in 4.5% and 5.1%, respectively). The rates of serious adverse events were similar in the two groups. Conclusions Among a wide range of patients with chronic kidney disease who were at risk for disease progression, empagliflozin therapy led to a lower risk of progression of kidney disease or death from cardiovascular causes than placebo

Global variation in postoperative mortality and complications after cancer surgery: a multicentre, prospective cohort study in 82 countries

© 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licenseBackground: 80% of individuals with cancer will require a surgical procedure, yet little comparative data exist on early outcomes in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared postoperative outcomes in breast, colorectal, and gastric cancer surgery in hospitals worldwide, focusing on the effect of disease stage and complications on postoperative mortality. Methods: This was a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of consecutive adult patients undergoing surgery for primary breast, colorectal, or gastric cancer requiring a skin incision done under general or neuraxial anaesthesia. The primary outcome was death or major complication within 30 days of surgery. Multilevel logistic regression determined relationships within three-level nested models of patients within hospitals and countries. Hospital-level infrastructure effects were explored with three-way mediation analyses. This study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03471494. Findings: Between April 1, 2018, and Jan 31, 2019, we enrolled 15 958 patients from 428 hospitals in 82 countries (high income 9106 patients, 31 countries; upper-middle income 2721 patients, 23 countries; or lower-middle income 4131 patients, 28 countries). Patients in LMICs presented with more advanced disease compared with patients in high-income countries. 30-day mortality was higher for gastric cancer in low-income or lower-middle-income countries (adjusted odds ratio 3·72, 95% CI 1·70–8·16) and for colorectal cancer in low-income or lower-middle-income countries (4·59, 2·39–8·80) and upper-middle-income countries (2·06, 1·11–3·83). No difference in 30-day mortality was seen in breast cancer. The proportion of patients who died after a major complication was greatest in low-income or lower-middle-income countries (6·15, 3·26–11·59) and upper-middle-income countries (3·89, 2·08–7·29). Postoperative death after complications was partly explained by patient factors (60%) and partly by hospital or country (40%). The absence of consistently available postoperative care facilities was associated with seven to 10 more deaths per 100 major complications in LMICs. Cancer stage alone explained little of the early variation in mortality or postoperative complications. Interpretation: Higher levels of mortality after cancer surgery in LMICs was not fully explained by later presentation of disease. The capacity to rescue patients from surgical complications is a tangible opportunity for meaningful intervention. Early death after cancer surgery might be reduced by policies focusing on strengthening perioperative care systems to detect and intervene in common complications. Funding: National Institute for Health Research Global Health Research Unit

Effects of hospital facilities on patient outcomes after cancer surgery: an international, prospective, observational study

© 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 licenseBackground: Early death after cancer surgery is higher in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) compared with in high-income countries, yet the impact of facility characteristics on early postoperative outcomes is unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the association between hospital infrastructure, resource availability, and processes on early outcomes after cancer surgery worldwide. Methods: A multimethods analysis was performed as part of the GlobalSurg 3 study—a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study of patients who had surgery for breast, colorectal, or gastric cancer. The primary outcomes were 30-day mortality and 30-day major complication rates. Potentially beneficial hospital facilities were identified by variable selection to select those associated with 30-day mortality. Adjusted outcomes were determined using generalised estimating equations to account for patient characteristics and country-income group, with population stratification by hospital. Findings: Between April 1, 2018, and April 23, 2019, facility-level data were collected for 9685 patients across 238 hospitals in 66 countries (91 hospitals in 20 high-income countries; 57 hospitals in 19 upper-middle-income countries; and 90 hospitals in 27 low-income to lower-middle-income countries). The availability of five hospital facilities was inversely associated with mortality: ultrasound, CT scanner, critical care unit, opioid analgesia, and oncologist. After adjustment for case-mix and country income group, hospitals with three or fewer of these facilities (62 hospitals, 1294 patients) had higher mortality compared with those with four or five (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 3·85 [95% CI 2·58–5·75]; p<0·0001), with excess mortality predominantly explained by a limited capacity to rescue following the development of major complications (63·0% vs 82·7%; OR 0·35 [0·23–0·53]; p<0·0001). Across LMICs, improvements in hospital facilities would prevent one to three deaths for every 100 patients undergoing surgery for cancer. Interpretation: Hospitals with higher levels of infrastructure and resources have better outcomes after cancer surgery, independent of country income. Without urgent strengthening of hospital infrastructure and resources, the reductions in cancer-associated mortality associated with improved access will not be realised. Funding: National Institute for Health and Care Research

Growing knowledge: an overview of Seed Plant diversity in Brazil

Abstract An updated inventory of Brazilian seed plants is presented and offers important insights into the country's biodiversity. This work started in 2010, with the publication of the Plants and Fungi Catalogue, and has been updated since by more than 430 specialists working online. Brazil is home to 32,086 native Angiosperms and 23 native Gymnosperms, showing an increase of 3% in its species richness in relation to 2010. The Amazon Rainforest is the richest Brazilian biome for Gymnosperms, while the Atlantic Rainforest is the richest one for Angiosperms. There was a considerable increment in the number of species and endemism rates for biomes, except for the Amazon that showed a decrease of 2.5% of recorded endemics. However, well over half of Brazillian seed plant species (57.4%) is endemic to this territory. The proportion of life-forms varies among different biomes: trees are more expressive in the Amazon and Atlantic Rainforest biomes while herbs predominate in the Pampa, and lianas are more expressive in the Amazon, Atlantic Rainforest, and Pantanal. This compilation serves not only to quantify Brazilian biodiversity, but also to highlight areas where there information is lacking and to provide a framework for the challenge faced in conserving Brazil's unique and diverse flora