Ultraviolet through far-infrared spatially resolved analysis of the recent star formation in M81 (NGC 3031)

The recent star formation (SF) in the early-type spiral galaxy M81 is characterized using imaging observations from the far-ultraviolet to the far-infrared. We compare these data with models of the stellar, gas, and dust emission for subgalactic regions. Our results suggest the existence of a diffuse dust emission not directly linked to the recent star formation. We find a radial decrease of the dust temperature and dust mass density, and in the attenuation of the stellar light. The IR emission in M81 can be modeled with three components: (1) cold dust with a temperature = 18 ± 2 K, concentrated near the H II regions but also presenting a diffuse distribution; (2) warm dust with = 53 ± 7 K, directly linked with the H II regions; and (3) aromatic molecules, with diffuse morphology peaking around the H II regions. We derive several relationships to obtain total IR luminosities from IR monochromatic fluxes, and we compare five different star formation rate (SFR) estimators for H II regions in M81 and M51: the UV, H alpha, and three estimators based on Spitzer data. We find that the H alpha luminosity absorbed by dust correlates tightly with the 24 mu m emission. The correlation with the total IR luminosity is not as good. Important variations from galaxy to galaxy are found when estimating the total SFR with the 24 mu m or the total IR emission alone. The most reliable estimations of the total SFRs are obtained by combining the H alpha emission (or the UV) and an IR luminosity (especially the 24 mu m emission), which probe the unobscured and obscured SF, respectively. For the entire M81 galaxy, about 50% of the total SF is obscured by dust. The percentage of obscured SF ranges from 60% in the inner regions of the galaxy to 30% in the outer zones

The Star Formation and Extinction Co-Evolution of UV-Selected Galaxies over 0.05<z<1.2

We use a new stacking technique to obtain mean mid IR and far IR to far UV flux ratios over the rest near-UV/near-IR color-magnitude diagram. We employ COMBO-17 redshifts and COMBO-17 optical, GALEX far and near UV, Spitzer IRAC and MIPS Mid IR photometry. This technique permits us to probe infrared excess (IRX), the ratio of far IR to far UV luminosity, and specific star formation rate (SSFR) and their co-evolution over two orders of magnitude of stellar mass and redshift 0.1<z<1.2. We find that the SSFR and the characteristic mass (M_0) above which the SSFR drops increase with redshift (downsizing). At any given epoch, IRX is an increasing function of mass up to M_0. Above this mass IRX falls, suggesting gas exhaustion. In a given mass bin below M_0 IRX increases with time in a fashion consistent with enrichment. We interpret these trends using a simple model with a Schmidt-Kennicutt law and extinction that tracks gas density and enrichment. We find that the average IRX and SSFR follows a galaxy age parameter which is determined mainly by the galaxy mass and time since formation. We conclude that blue sequence galaxies have properties which show simple, systematic trends with mass and time such as the steady build-up of heavy elements in the interstellar media of evolving galaxies and the exhaustion of gas in galaxies that are evolving off the blue sequence. The IRX represents a tool for selecting galaxies at various stages of evolution.Comment: Accepted for publication in GALEX Special Ap.J.Suppl., December, 200

Holomorphic variables in magnetized brane models with continuous Wilson lines

We analyze the action of the target-space modular group in toroidal type IIB orientifold compactifications with magnetized D-branes and continuous Wilson lines. The transformation of matter fields agree with that of twisted fields in heterotic compactifications, constituting a check of type I/heterotic duality. We identify the holomorphic N = 1 variables for these compactifications. Matter fields and closed string moduli are both redefined by open string moduli. The redefinition of matter fields can be read directly from the perturbative Yukawa couplings, whereas closed string moduli redefinitions are obtained from D-brane instanton superpotential couplings. The resulting expressions reproduce and generalize, in the presence of internal magnetic fields, previous results in the literature.Comment: 9 pages, no figures; v2: conventions for Wilson lines changed, major simplifications in expressions, discussions extended, typos corrected, some references adde

Fluxes, moduli fixing and MSSM-like vacua in a simple IIA orientifold

We study the effects of adding RR, NS and metric fluxes on a T^6/(\Omega (-1)^{F_L} I_3) Type IIA orientifold. By using the effective flux-induced superpotential we obtain Minkowski or AdS vacua with broken or unbroken supersymmetry. In the Minkowski case some combinations of real moduli remain undetermined, whereas all can be stabilized in the AdS solutions. Many flux parameters are available which are unconstrained by RR tadpole cancellation conditions allowing to locate the minima at large volume and small dilaton. We also find that in AdS supersymmetric vacua with metric fluxes, the overall flux contribution to RR tadpoles can vanish or have opposite sign to that of D6-branes, allowing for new model-building possibilities. In particular, we construct the first N=1 supersymmetric intersecting D6-brane models with MSSM-like spectrum and with all closed string moduli stabilized. Some axion-like fields remain undetermined but they are precisely required to give St\"uckelberg masses to (potentially anomalous) U(1) brane fields. We show that the cancellation of the Freed-Witten anomaly guarantees that the axions with flux-induced masses are orthogonal to those giving masses to the U(1)'s. Cancellation of such anomalies also guarantees that the D6-branes in our N=1 supersymmetric AdS vacua are calibrated so that they are forced to preserve one unbroken supersymmetry.Comment: 61 pages, Latex, v2: added references, v3: minor correction

Real Time QRS Detection Based on M-ary Likelihood Ratio Test on the DFT Coefficients

This paper shows an adaptive statistical test for QRS detection of electrocardiography (ECG) signals. The method is based on a M-ary generalized likelihood ratio test (LRT) defined over a multiple observation window in the Fourier domain. The motivations for proposing another detection algorithm based on maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimation are found in the high complexity of the signal model proposed in previous approaches which i) makes them computationally unfeasible or not intended for real time applications such as intensive care monitoring and (ii) in which the parameter selection conditions the overall performance. In this sense, we propose an alternative model based on the independent Gaussian properties of the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) coefficients, which allows to define a simplified MAP probability function. In addition, the proposed approach defines an adaptive MAP statistical test in which a global hypothesis is defined on particular hypotheses of the multiple observation window. In this sense, the observation interval is modeled as a discontinuous transmission discrete-time stochastic process avoiding the inclusion of parameters that constraint the morphology of the QRS complexes.This work has received research funding from the Spanish government (www.micinn.es) under project TEC2012 34306 (DiagnoSIS, Diagnosis by means of Statistical Intelligent Systems, 70K€) and projects P09-TIC-4530 (300K€) and P11-TIC-7103 (156K€) from the Andalusian government (http://www.juntadeandalucia.es/organismo​s/economiainnovacioncienciayempleo.html)

Corner contributions to holographic entanglement entropy

The entanglement entropy of three-dimensional conformal field theories contains a universal contribution coming from corners in the entangling surface. We study these contributions in a holographic framework and, in particular, we consider the effects of higher curvature interactions in the bulk gravity theory. We find that for all of our holographic models, the corner contribution is only modified by an overall factor but the functional dependence on the opening angle is not modified by the new gravitational interactions. We also compare the dependence of the corner term on the new gravitational couplings to that for a number of other physical quantities, and we show that the ratio of the corner contribution over the central charge appearing in the two-point function of the stress tensor is a universal function for all of the holographic theories studied here. Comparing this holographic result to the analogous functions for free CFT's, we find fairly good agreement across the full range of the opening angle. However, there is a precise match in the limit where the entangling surface becomes smooth, i.e., the angle approaches $\pi$, and we conjecture the corresponding ratio is a universal constant for all three-dimensional conformal field theories. In this paper, we expand on the holographic calculations in our previous letter arXiv:1505.04804, where this conjecture was first introduced.Comment: 62 pages, 6 figures, 1 table; v2: minor modifications to match published version, typos fixe

Evolución de la textura cristalina en los procesos de fabricación de combustibles y componentes internos de reactores nucleares de potencia

El desarrollo de la metalurgia en la Argentina en los últimos sesenta años vio el paso y transformación de las prácticas tradicionales del ancestral “arte-tecnológico” metalúrgico a la metodología científica. El uso del método fenomenológico[1] ha sido y sigue siendo aplicado a través de técnicas de ensayos de materiales que, pese a sus limitaciones, son de fundamental importancia e ineludible aplicación para caracterizar propiedades en los materiales estructurales derivados de las etapas de un proceso de fabricación. No obstante ello, el avance tecnológico hace que actualmente las técnicas de difracción nos acerquen a la descripción atomística de las propiedades deseadas para el material orientadas a una determinada aplicación. En este contexto en el presente trabajo se han aplicado tres técnicas basadas en la difracción: difracción de rayos X, difracción de electrones retrodispersados y difracción de neutrones, para describir la misma propiedad en un policristal, la textura cristalina[2]. Esta propiedad es particularmente importante en las aleaciones de circonio de uso nuclear, ya que la anisotropía intrínseca derivada de su estructura hexagonal[3] se transforma en macroscópica luego de los procesos de deformación, determinando las propiedades mecánicas del componente terminado necesarias en su misión de seguridad. El trabajo destaca la complementariedad y especificidad de cada técnica y nos aproxima a describir las propiedades mecánicas de un componente a través de los cambios geométricos que experimenta la materia prima durante un proceso de conformado plástico.The development of the metallurgy in the last sixty years in Argentina assisted to a transformation of the traditional metallurgy into the materials science. The use of the phenomenological method was and continues being applied through the mechanical tests to characterize structural materials properties. However, the technological progress let us to get closer to an atomistic description of the desired material properties for a specific application. In this framework, in the present work three diffraction based techniques were applied: X-ray diffraction, electron backscattered diffraction and neutron diffraction, in order to describe the same property of a policristal, the crystalline texture. This property is particularly important for the zirconium based alloys since the intrinsic anisotropy derived from the hexagonal structure of the room temperature equilibrium phase (α−Zr) becomes a macroscopic property after the deformation processes, determining the mechanical properties of the nuclear component. This work highlights the complementarity and specificity of each technique and bring us closer to describe mechanical properties trough the geometrical changes into which the raw material goes during the plastic forming transformations.Fil: Juarez, G.. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Gerencia de Área de Aplicaciones de la Tecnología Nuclear. Gerencia Ciclo del Combustible Nuclear. Laboratorio de Materia de la Fábrica de Aleaciones Especiales; ArgentinaFil: Buioli, Constanza Patricia. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Gerencia de Área de Aplicaciones de la Tecnología Nuclear. Gerencia Ciclo del Combustible Nuclear. Laboratorio de Materia de la Fábrica de Aleaciones Especiales; ArgentinaFil: Flores, A. V.. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Gerencia de Área de Aplicaciones de la Tecnología Nuclear. Gerencia Ciclo del Combustible Nuclear. Laboratorio de Materia de la Fábrica de Aleaciones Especiales; ArgentinaFil: Dellagnolo, M.. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Gerencia de Área de Aplicaciones de la Tecnología Nuclear. Gerencia Ciclo del Combustible Nuclear. Laboratorio de Materia de la Fábrica de Aleaciones Especiales; ArgentinaFil: Santisteban, Javier Roberto. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Centro Atómico Bariloche; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Vicente Alvarez, Miguel Angel. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Centro Atómico Bariloche; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Azzinari, Damian. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Gerencia de Área de Aplicaciones de la Tecnología Nuclear. Gerencia Ciclo del Combustible Nuclear. Laboratorio de Materia de la Fábrica de Aleaciones Especiales; ArgentinaFil: Bianchi, D.. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Gerencia de Área de Aplicaciones de la Tecnología Nuclear. Gerencia Ciclo del Combustible Nuclear. Laboratorio de Materia de la Fábrica de Aleaciones Especiales; ArgentinaFil: Revesz, A.. Eötvös University; ArgentinaFil: Hoffman, M.. Technische Universitat Munchen. Forschungs-neutronenquelle Heinz Maier-leibnitz (frm Ii); AlemaniaFil: Ungar, T.. University of Manchester; Reino UnidoFil: Vizcaino, Pablo. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Gerencia de Área de Aplicaciones de la Tecnología Nuclear. Gerencia Ciclo del Combustible Nuclear. Laboratorio de Materia de la Fábrica de Aleaciones Especiales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Child Care Time, Parents’ Well-Being, and Gender: Evidence from the American Time Use Survey

This study used data from the ‘Well Being Module’ of the 2010 American Time Use Survey (N = 1699) to analyze how parents experience child care time in terms of meaning and stress levels. Multivariate multilevel regressions showed clear differences by gender and the circumstances of child care activities. Mothers experienced child care time as more stressful than fathers, and fathers as slightly more meaningful. Interactive child care was experienced as more meaningful and less stressful than routine child care, whereas these differences were stronger among fathers than among mothers. Mothers experienced child care with a minor child as highly meaningful, and with an adolescent as particularly stressful. Fathers experienced child care with an infant as highly stressful, and with an offspring in middle childhood as disproportionally meaningful. The spouse’s presence was moderately associated with higher senses of meaning and lower levels of stress during child care, but these differences were modest, and only visible among fathers. Paid work hours increased mothers’ stress levels during child care activities, but reduced fathers’ stress levels. Meanwhile, nonemployed fathers reported child care time as less meaningful than non-employed mothers. Overall, this study has important scientific and practical implications for `understanding the gendered nature of parents’ child care time and well-being

Modelo de estrategia de sustentabilidad, propuesta de aplicación para emprendimientos regionales en Misiones

Este proyecto surge en el contexto del Proyecto de investigación “Estrategias innovadoras de desarrollo regional: Emprendimientos basados en el diseño y la sustentabilidad”, de la Universidad Nacional de Misiones-Facultad de Arte y Diseño. Se busca generar modelos de estrategias proyectuales innovadoras dentro de la práctica del diseño basadas en la sustentabilidad y la refuncionalización de objetos y materiales. Desde una perspectiva global, el desarrollo sustentable de productos y servicios se ha posicionado rápidamente y es una ventaja competitiva para emprendimientos muy diversos. En nuestro país, y especialmente en Misiones, no se ha percibido aún con precisión la potencia que puede tener en la economía local la implementación de unidades económicas basadas en estrategias de esta índole. Se parte del análisis de casos preexistentes nacionales e internacionales que desarrollan estrategias de producción sustentable, especialmente aquellos que incorporan a la refuncionalización. La investigación está enfocada en casos de empresas industriales tales como: empresas que integran el sector foresto maderero (caso 1), que es uno de los de mayor potencial, tanto desde la escala industrial como desde la posibilidad de generar valor (e identidad). Y una empresa de producción de envases de papel y laminados (caso 2), se incluye porque contienen elementos diversos, además la identidad se constata en que esta empresa es la principal proveedora de material para envases de las yerbateras locales. En mencionadas empresas existen materiales de descarte, tales como: Caso 1: Despuntes de pino en diferentes estados de proceso, multilaminados y placas de terciados, descartes por problemas de producción, despuntes de los palos, y aserrín. Caso 2: Films de PP, envases de yerba, tubos de cartón, postizos plásticos de PE, tablas de madera aglomerada, pallets, entre otros. Los mencionados descartes aún no son aprovechados. Se pretende promover el desarrollo sustentable de la región y potenciar la gestión como herramienta de diseño, que ayude a articular los distintos actores que intervienen en una cadena de valor, fortaleciendo el capital humano, su cultura e identidad. El objetivo es la incubación de propuestas que sirvan como modelo para emprendedores regionales, a fin de promover y sensibilizar acerca del uso de estrategias de sustentabilidad tanto en emprendedores, como empresas e instituciones de la región, comunicando el valor económico, ambiental y social de la incorporación de procesos sustentables como variable de innovación en dichas unidades productivas.publishedVersio

Latin American anaphylaxis registry

Background: Recent data about clinical features, triggers and management of anaphylaxis in Latin America is lacking. Objective: To provide updated and extended data on anaphylaxis in this region. Method: An online questionnaire was used, with 67 allergy units involved from 12 Latin-American countries and Spain. Among data recorded, demographic information, clinical features, severity, triggering agents, and treatment were received. Results: Eight hundred and seventeen anaphylactic reactions were recorded. No difference in severity, regardless of pre-existing allergy or asthma history was found. Drug induced anaphylaxis (DIA) was most frequent (40.6%), followed by food induced anaphylaxis (FIA) (32.9%) and venom induced anaphylaxis (VIA) (12%). FIA and VIA were more common in children-adolescents. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and beta-lactam antibiotics (BLA) were the most frequent drugs involved. Milk (61.1% of FIA) and egg (15.4% of FIA) in children, and shellfish (25.5% of FIA), fresh fruits (14.2% of FIA), and fish (11.3% of FIA) in adults were the most common FIA triggers. Fire ants were the most frequent insect triggers, and they induced more severe reactions than triggers of FIA and DIA (p < 0.0001). Epinephrine was used in 43.8% of anaphylaxis episodes. After Emergency Department treatment, epinephrine was prescribed to 13% of patients. Conclusions: Drugs (NSAIDs and BLA), foods (milk and egg in children and shellfish, fruits and fish in adults) and fire ants were the most common inducers of anaphylaxis. Epinephrine was used in less than half of the episodes emphasizing the urgent need to improve dissemination and implementation of anaphylaxis guidelines.Revisión por pare