Cost‐effectiveness analysis of two attachment systems for mandibular overdenture

Objectives: This study analysed the cost‐effectiveness of two different attachments for the 2‐implant overdenture (2IOD) in edentulous mandibles. Materials and methods: When considering alternative treatments, cost‐effectiveness analysis is an important factor for stakeholders (patient, clinician, social security, insurance company, etc.). A general practice population (n = 116) was treated between 2003 and 2013 with a mandibular 2IOD with 2 different ball/stud attachment systems, one spherical (Group D) and one cylindrical (Group L). Patient well‐being was assessed with OHIP‐14‐Total (OHIP‐14‐T), at intake and annually up to 5 years, to calculate the health effect. Initial and maintenance costs of both treatments were inventoried. The cost‐effectiveness was compared. Annual discount rates of 4% and 1.5% were applied to future costs and health outcomes, following Dutch guidelines. Prices were adjusted to the year 2003. To offset the uncertainty in relevant input parameters, a sensitivity analysis was performed using bootstrap analysis. Significance was set at p < .05. Results: The health effect was 6.36 (SD 5.32) for Group D and 8.54 (SD 5.63) for Group L. The sum of the discounted costs up to 5 years was EUR 4,210.98 (SD 634.75) for the D and EUR 3,840.62 (SD 302.63) for the Group L (p = .005). The bootstrapping reports that L abutment clearly dominates the D abutment in terms of cost‐effectiveness. Conclusions: The 2IOD on the L abutment is dominant compared to the 2IOD on D abutment, in a 5‐year perspective

Mode transitions and hysteresis in inductively coupled plasmas

Optical emission spectroscopy as a noninvasive plasma diagnostic was employed to study mode transitions and hysteresis in an inductively coupled plasma in Ar and Ar/N-2 mixtures. Using selected Ar lines, basic plasma parameters, relevant to the analysis of the mode transitions, were evaluated. Small changes of the electron energy distribution function in the vicinity of the mode transition were detected. The role of metastable Ar atoms in mode transitions and in a hysteresis was clarified. Enhanced production of metastables in the hysteresis region as well as faster transitions in plasmas with higher influence of metastables were observed. (c) 2007 American Institute of Physics.101

A AVALIAÇÃO NA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL: FUNDAMENTOS, INSTRUMENTOS E PRÁTICAS PEDAGÓGICAS

This article, presents fundamentals, tools and practices about pedagogical evaluation under Childhood Education, as well as the report of evaluative experiences experienced by the authors, in their supervised placements during graduation in pedagogy, in two city schools of Campinas. The research has as a reference methodology qualitative research approach and had as its main theoretical references Hoffmann (2000), Bondioli (2004) and Micarello (2010). These studies allow us to consider the evaluation process carried out in the classroom should be understood as an essential element of teacher planning, by revealing the core needs and progress of students in their relations with the teaching and learning. Hopefully, with this study, to reaffirm the importance of assessment in early childhood in the pursuit of success of school education in contemporary society.http://dx.doi.org/10.14572/nuances.v25i3.3048Este artículo, presenta los fundamentos, herramientas y prácticas acerca de la evaluación pedagógica en Educación Infantil, así como el informe de experiencias evaluativas experimentadas por los autores, en sus pasantías durante la graduación en pedagogía, en dos escuelas de la ciudad de Campinas. La investigación tiene como un enfoque de investigación cualitativa de referencia metodología y tenía como sus principales referentes teóricos Hoffmann (2000), Bondioli (2004) y Micarello (2010). Estos estudios nos permiten considerar que el proceso de evaluación llevado a cabo en el aula debe ser entendida como un elemento esencial de la planificación docente, mediante la revelación de las necesidades básicas y el progreso de los estudiantes en sus relaciones con la enseñanza y la aprendizaje. Esperemos que, con este estudio reafirman la importancia de la evaluación en la primera infancia en la búsqueda del éxito de la educación escolar en la sociedad contemporánea.http://dx.doi.org/10.14572/nuances.v25i3.3048O presente artigo apresenta fundamentos, instrumentos e práticas acerca da avaliação pedagógica no âmbito da Educação Infantil, bem como o relato de experiências avaliativas vivenciadas pelas autoras, em seus estágios supervisionados, durante a graduação em Pedagogia, em duas escolas da rede municipal de Campinas. A pesquisa tem como referência metodológica a abordagem qualitativa de pesquisa e teve como principais referências teóricas Hoffmann (2000), Bondioli (2004) e Micarello (2010). Estes estudos nos permitem considerar que o processo avaliativo realizado em sala de aula deve ser entendido como elemento essencial do planejamento docente, por revelar as principais necessidades e avanços dos alunos, nas suas relações com o ensino e a aprendizagem. Esperamos, com este estudo, reafirmar a importância da avaliação na primeira infância na busca pelo sucesso da educação escolar na sociedade contemporânea.http://dx.doi.org/10.14572/nuances.v25i3.304