93 research outputs found

    Relation entre le degrĂ© de confiance de l’individu dans l’exactitude de son souvenir et le nombre de faux souvenirs

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    Affiche prĂ©sentĂ©e dans le cadre du Colloque de l'ARC, «La culture de la recherche au collĂ©gial», dans le cadre du 82e CongrĂšs de l'Acfas, UniversitĂ© Concordia, MontrĂ©al, le 14 mai 2014.Un faux souvenir est le fait de repĂȘcher en mĂ©moire une information autre que celle qui a Ă©tĂ© acquise. Les diffĂ©rences interindividuelles dans la production de faux souvenirs sont peu Ă©tudiĂ©es. Les individus ayant tendance Ă  avoir de faux souvenirs sont-ils des individus qui ont plus confiance dans l’exactitude de leur souvenir? Vingt-sept cĂ©gĂ©piens doivent essayer de mĂ©moriser 15 mots qui leur sont successivement prĂ©sentĂ©s, puis ils doivent indiquer, pour chacun des 46 mots qui leur sont ensuite prĂ©sentĂ©s, si le mot faisait partie de la liste des mots Ă  mĂ©moriser et quel est leur degrĂ© de confiance (50 % Ă  100 %) dans leur rĂ©ponse. Un participant produit un faux souvenir chaque fois qu’il indique qu’un mot ne faisant pas partie de la liste des mots Ă  mĂ©moriser en faisait partie. L’analyse montre que plus un Ă©tudiant produit de faux souvenirs, moins il a confiance en l’exactitude de ses rĂ©ponses. Il semble donc que les diffĂ©rences interindividuelles dans la production des faux souvenirs ne doivent pas ĂȘtre mises sur le compte d’une propension Ă  la conviction chez les individus qui ont tendance Ă  produire de faux souvenirs

    Radiologie en super résolution et à double énergie

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    Deux mĂ©thodes sont combinĂ©es dans cet ouvrage pour automatiser le rehaussement des radiographies en super rĂ©solution et Ă  double Ă©nergie. La premiĂšre mĂ©thode, la populaire dĂ©convolution de Lucy-Richardson, peut ĂȘtre optimisĂ©e s'il est possible de soustraire du signal original une information a priori tel le signal de fond. Ce signal peut ĂȘtre dĂ©duit par la seconde mĂ©thode qui consiste Ă  produire une image synthĂ©tique constituĂ©e des tissus mous et de l'air prĂ©sents dans la radiographie. Cette image synthĂ©tique est le fruit d'une nouvelle combinaison des images d'Ă©paisseurs Ă©quivalentes d'aluminium et de methacrylate de polymethyle (Lucite) produites par la mĂ©thode de double Ă©nergie classique. En combinant les deux mĂ©thodes, une optimisation de la dĂ©convolution en super rĂ©solution des images radiologiques est possible

    RÎle et contribution du travail social médical en hÎpital universitaire

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    ThÚse numérisée par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal

    SeaFlow Data V1, High-Resolution Abundance, Size and Biomass of Small Phytoplankton in the North Pacific

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    SeaFlow is an underway flow cytometer that provides continuous shipboard observations of the abundance and optical properties of small phytoplankton (\u3c5 ÎŒm in equivalent spherical diameter, ESD). Here we present data sets consisting of SeaFlow-based cell abundance, forward light scatter, and pigment fluorescence of individual cells, as well as derived estimates of ESD and cellular carbon content of picophytoplankton, which includes the cyanobacteria Prochlorococcus, Synechococcus and small-sized Crocosphaera (\u3c5 ÎŒm ESD), and picophytoplankton and nanophytoplankton (2–5 ÎŒm ESD). Data were collected in surface waters (≈5 m depth) from 27 oceanographic cruises carried out in the Northeast Pacific Ocean between 2010 and 2018. Thirteen cruises provide high spatial resolution (≈1 km) measurements across 32,500 km of the Northeast Pacific Ocean and 14 near-monthly cruises beginning in 2015 provide seasonal distributions at the long-term sampling site (Station ALOHA) of the Hawaii Ocean Time-Series. These data sets expand our knowledge of the current spatial and temporal distributions of picophytoplankton in the surface ocean

    SeaFlow data v1, high-resolution abundance, size and biomass of small phytoplankton in the North Pacific

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    SeaFlow is an underway flow cytometer that provides continuous shipboard observations of the abundance and optical properties of small phytoplankton (<5 mu m in equivalent spherical diameter, ESD). Here we present data sets consisting of SeaFlow-based cell abundance, forward light scatter, and pigment fluorescence of individual cells, as well as derived estimates of ESD and cellular carbon content of picophytoplankton, which includes the cyanobacteria Prochlorococcus, Synechococcus and small-sized Crocosphaera (<5 mu m ESD), and picophytoplankton and nanophytoplankton (2-5 mu m ESD). Data were collected in surface waters (approximate to 5 m depth) from 27 oceanographic cruises carried out in the Northeast Pacific Ocean between 2010 and 2018. Thirteen cruises provide high spatial resolution (approximate to 1 km) measurements across 32,500 km of the Northeast Pacific Ocean and 14 near-monthly cruises beginning in 2015 provide seasonal distributions at the long-term sampling site (Station ALOHA) of the Hawaii Ocean Time-Series. These data sets expand our knowledge of the current spatial and temporal distributions of picophytoplankton in the surface ocean

    Globally invariant metabolism but density-diversity mismatch in springtails.

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    Soil life supports the functioning and biodiversity of terrestrial ecosystems. Springtails (Collembola) are among the most abundant soil arthropods regulating soil fertility and flow of energy through above- and belowground food webs. However, the global distribution of springtail diversity and density, and how these relate to energy fluxes remains unknown. Here, using a global dataset representing 2470 sites, we estimate the total soil springtail biomass at 27.5 megatons carbon, which is threefold higher than wild terrestrial vertebrates, and record peak densities up to 2 million individuals per square meter in the tundra. Despite a 20-fold biomass difference between the tundra and the tropics, springtail energy use (community metabolism) remains similar across the latitudinal gradient, owing to the changes in temperature with latitude. Neither springtail density nor community metabolism is predicted by local species richness, which is high in the tropics, but comparably high in some temperate forests and even tundra. Changes in springtail activity may emerge from latitudinal gradients in temperature, predation and resource limitation in soil communities. Contrasting relationships of biomass, diversity and activity of springtail communities with temperature suggest that climate warming will alter fundamental soil biodiversity metrics in different directions, potentially restructuring terrestrial food webs and affecting soil functioning
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