A humánerőforrás-gazdálkodás kérdései a magyar agráriumban = Human Resource Management Issues in the Hungarian Agrarian Sector

The aim of Human Resources Management (HR) is to efficiently handle the human resources and thereby to contribute to organizational efficiency, that is, the maintaining and increasing of the performance of an organization. HR not only provides the necessary conditions but also encourages employers to implement improvements, in accordance with their own individual, group and organizational interests, which serve the company’ goals. The economic and social changes taking place in our country have become significant factors of the efficient production in agriculture. In the current situation of the agricultural sector, the efficient use of manpower can be one of the breakout points in the future. This article provides an overview of the present situation of human resources management as well as the roles and functions it fulfils in the Hungarian agriculture.The aim of Human Resources Management (HR) is to efficiently handle the human resources and thereby to contribute to organizational efficiency, that is, the maintaining and increasing of the performance of an organization. HR not only provides the necessary conditions but also encourages employers to implement improvements, in accordance with their own individual, group and organizational interests, which serve the company’ goals. The economic and social changes taking place in our country have become significant factors of the efficient production in agriculture. In the current situation of the agricultural sector, the efficient use of manpower can be one of the breakout points in the future. This article provides an overview of the present situation of human resources management as well as the roles and functions it fulfils in the Hungarian agriculture

A rendszeres alkoholfogyasztás és a dohányzás hatása a vérnyomásra és a vérnyomáscélértékek elérési arányára kezelt hypertoniás betegekben

The combined effect of alcohol consumption and smoking on hypertension in hypertensive patients is still not completely clear, although both are known to be cardiovascular risk factors.The aim of our study was to compare the blood pressure, the achievement of target blood pressure and heart rate of non-smokers and non-drinkers in the middle-aged hypertensive patients with those who smoke and drink regularly.From the database of the Hungarian Hypertension Registry, 12 615 patients (6341 men and 6274 women) aged 45-64 years were included in the current analysis, who self-reported smoking habit and alcohol consumption.The mean age of the patients was 55.8 ± 5.7 years (males) and 56.1 ± 5.5 years (females). The percentage of regular smokers was 40.8% and 27.2% among men and women, respectively. 38.1% of males and 12.5% of females were regular alcohol drinkers. The ratio of patients reaching goal blood pressure values was higher in all investigated groups of females than males (p<0.001). Regular smokers and drinkers have lower percentage of reaching goal blood pressure values: 31.1% versus 46.6% in males (p<0.001) and 41.1% versus 49.8% in females (p<0.01), respectively. The average of pulse rate was higher in patients who are smokers and regular drinkers.Regular alcohol consumption and smoking decrease the chance of reaching blood pressure goal values in middle-aged, treated hypertensive patients. Orv Hetil. 2020; 161(30): 1252-1259

Fatal cases of disseminated nocardiosis: challenges to physicians and clinical microbiologists – Case report

Despite the development in the identification of Nocardia spp., common challenges exist in the laboratory diagnosis and management of nocardiosis. We report two cases of disseminated nocardiosis in a patient with hematologic disorder and in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus, where the cooperation between various specialists was essential to set up the adequate diagnosis of disseminated nocardiosis

A modern technikai eszközök (IKT) alkalmazása az ország pedagógiai szakszolgálatainak logopédiai terápiái során

A mai korban már nagyon nehéz elképzelni, hogy van olyan ember, aki munkájában, magánéletében ne találkozna IKT eszközzel. A dolgozatban ezen eszközök logopédiai terápiákon való használatára, annak gyakoriságára kívántunk fényt deríteni. A témában az országban működő pedagógiai szakszolgálatok alkalmazásában dolgozó logopédusokat szólítottuk meg, akik közül összesen 58 fő válaszolt. Az eredmény így elsősorban a pedagógiai szakszolgálatok és talán azon felsőfokú intézmények számára lehet hasznos, ahol logopédus képzés folyik IKT eszközre vonatkozó oktatás nélkül.BSc/BAgyógypedagógia-logopédi

Non-invasive detection of hypovolemia or fluid responsiveness in spontaneously breathing subjects

Background: In the assessment of hypovolemia the value of functional hemodynamic monitoring during spontaneous breathing is debated. The aim of our study was to investigate in spontaneously breathing subjects the changes in hemodynamic parameters during graded central hypovolemia and to test whether slow patterned breathing improved the discriminative value of stroke volume (SV), pulse pressure (PP), and their variations (SVV, PPV). In addition, we tested the alterations in labial microcirculation. Methods: 20 healthy volunteers participated in our study. Central hypovolemia was induced by lower body negative pressure (LBNP). Continuous signals of ECG, non-invasive blood pressure and central venous pressure were recorded. During baseline and each stage of LBNP the labial microcirculation was investigated by orthogonal polarization spectral imaging, 3 minute periods of patterned breathing at 6 and 15/min respiratory rate were performed, and central venous blood gas analysis was done. Data from baseline and those of different LBNP levels were compared by analysis of variance and those of different breathing rates by t-test. Finally, we performed ROC analysis to assess the discriminative values of SV, PP, SVV and PPV. Results: Moderate central hypovolemia induced by LBNP caused significant, clinically relevant falls in PP (p < 0.05) and SV and central venous oxygen saturation (ScvO(2)) (p < 0.001). The proportion of perfused vessels (p < 0.001) and microvascular flow index decreased (p < 0.05). PPV increased (p < 0.001), however the magnitude of fluctuations was greater during slow patterned breathing (p < 0.001). SVV increased only during slow patterned breathing (p < 0.001). ROC analysis confirmed the best predictive value for SV (at 56 ml cut-off AUC 0.97, sensitivity 94%, specificity 95%). Slow patterned breathing improved the discriminative value of SVV (p = 0.0023). Conclusions: Functional hemodynamic monitoring with slow patterned breathing to control spontaneous respiration may be worthy for further study in different populations for the assessment of hypovolemia and the prediction of volume responsiveness

“Heat waves” experienced during larval life have species-specific consequences on life-history traits and sexual development in anuran amphibians

Extreme temperatures during heat waves can induce mass-mortality events, but can also exert sublethal negative effects by compromising life-history traits and derailing sexual development. Ectothermic animals may, however, also benefit from increased temperatures via enhanced physiological performance and the suppression of cold-adapted pathogens. Therefore, it is crucial to address how the intensity and timing of naturally occurring or human-induced heat waves affect life-history traits and sexual development in amphibians, to predict future effects of climate change and to minimise risks arising from the application of elevated temperature in disease mitigation. We raised agile frog (Rana dalmatina; Bonaparte, 1840) and common toad (Bufo bufo; Linnaeus, 1758) tadpoles at 19 °C and exposed them to a simulated heat wave of 28 or 30 °C for six days during one of three ontogenetic periods (early, mid or late larval development). In agile frogs, exposure to 30 °C during early larval development increased mortality. Regardless of timing, all heat-treatments delayed metamorphosis, and exposure to 30 °C decreased body mass at metamorphosis. Furthermore, exposure to 30 °C during any period and to 28 °C late in development caused female-to-male sex reversal, skewing sex ratios strongly towards males. In common toads, high temperature only slightly decreased survival and did not influence phenotypic sex ratio, while it reduced metamorph mass and length of larval development. Juvenile body mass measured two months after metamorphosis was not altered by temperature treatments in either species. Our results indicate that heat waves may have devastating effects on amphibian populations, and the severity of these negative consequences, and sensitivity can vary greatly between species and with the timing and intensity of heat. Finally, thermal treatments against cold-adapted pathogens have to be executed with caution, taking into account the thermo-sensitivity of the species and the life stage of animals to be treated.</p