70 research outputs found
Predicting the ultimate supremum of a stable L\'{e}vy process with no negative jumps
Given a stable L\'{e}vy process of index
with no negative jumps, and letting denote its running supremum for , we consider the optimal
prediction problem where
the infimum is taken over all stopping times of , and the error
parameter is given and fixed. Reducing the optimal prediction
problem to a fractional free-boundary problem of Riemann--Liouville type, and
finding an explicit solution to the latter, we show that there exists
(equal to 1.57 approximately) and a strictly increasing
function satisfying ,
and for such that for
every and the following stopping
time is optimal
where is the unique root to a transcendental equation (with
parameters and ). Moreover, if either or
then it is not optimal to stop at when
is sufficiently large. The existence of the breakdown points
and stands in sharp contrast with the Brownian motion
case (formally corresponding to ), and the phenomenon itself may be
attributed to the interplay between the jump structure (admitting a transition
from lighter to heavier tails) and the individual preferences (represented by
the error parameter ).Comment: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/10-AOP598 the Annals of
Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aop/) by the Institute of Mathematical
Statistics (http://www.imstat.org
The law of the supremum of a stable L\'{e}vy process with no negative jumps
Let be a stable L\'{e}vy process of index
with no negative jumps and let denote its running
supremum for . We show that the density function of can be
characterized as the unique solution to a weakly singular Volterra integral
equation of the first kind or, equivalently, as the unique solution to a
first-order Riemann--Liouville fractional differential equation satisfying a
boundary condition at zero. This yields an explicit series representation for
. Recalling the familiar relation between and the first entry time
of into , this further translates into an explicit
series representation for the density function of .Comment: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/07-AOP376 the Annals of
Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aop/) by the Institute of Mathematical
Statistics (http://www.imstat.org
Investigation of the processes of the acoustic apparatus with the processing technological environment power interaction
ΠΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Π° ΡΡΠ·ΠΈΡΠ½Π° ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ² Π²Π·Π°ΡΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ Π°ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡ Π· ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΎΠ±Π»ΡΠ²Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π·Π° ΡΠΌΠΎΠ²ΠΈ Π²ΡΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ Π·ΠΌΡΠ½ΠΈ ΠΉΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π²Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ. ΠΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ°Π²ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΉΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ² Π²ΡΠ΄ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎ ΠΊΡΠ½ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΌΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ° ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΠΉΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ·ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ. ΠΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠ° ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ° Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊ Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΡΠ·Π°ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ°Π²ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ. ΠΠ° Π±Π°Π·Ρ ΡΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ² Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ³ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΌΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π±ΡΠ»ΡΠ±Π°ΡΠΊΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΄ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π΄ΡΡΡΡ. ΠΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ Π°ΠΊΡΠΌΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π°ΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΡΠ³ΡΠ²Π°Π»ΡΠ½Ρ ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Ρ ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π°ΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Ρ
Π²ΠΈΠ»Ρ. ΠΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π³ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠΈ Π·Π°Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΡΠΊΡ Π²ΡΠ΄ ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ² ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΠ° Π²ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΉΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·ΠΌΡΠ½ΠΈ. ΠΠ°ΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ° ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΊΠ°Π½Π½Ρ Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΎΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°ΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΠ·Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ. ΠΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΡΠΌΠΊΠΈ Π·Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ² Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ° ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΈΡΠΎΠΊ.The physical picture of the processes of the apparatus with the processing technological environment interaction is determined, the change in its rheological properties were taken into account. The effectiveness of cavitation effects from the initial to the final processing stage is caused by the contact pressure and the speed of its propagation. A lot of power characteristics and parameters were considered for the effective implementation of the cavitation process. On the basis of these parameters, the energy of the process is accumulated by expanding the bubble from the initial balanced to its maximum radius. The basis of accumulation is the tensile forces in the phase of desiccation of the acoustic wave. The graphs of the contact pressure dependence on the key parameters of the process and the determination of the regularity of its change are made. The modes and parameters for leakage of energy-efficient acoustic process of different environments processing were proposed. The directions of of research results application and their further development were determined.ΠΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Π° ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ° Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±Π°ΡΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ². ΠΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² ΠΎΡ Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°ΠΏΠ° ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ½ΡΠΌ Π΄Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡΡ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ. Π£ΡΡΠ΅Π½ ΡΡΠ΄ ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΠΈ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°. ΠΠ° Π±Π°Π·Π΅ ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ° Π°ΠΊΠΊΡΠΌΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ·ΡΡΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΡ Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ°. ΠΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ Π°ΠΊΠΊΡΠΌΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΈΠ»Ρ Π² ΡΠ°Π·Π΅ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π°ΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠ»Π½Ρ. ΠΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π½Ρ Π³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡ ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΡΡ
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°ΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ° ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ΅Π΄. ΠΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΈΡ
Π΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡΠ΅Π΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅
RESEARCH OF THE INFLUENCE OF LOW-FREQUENCY AND HIGH-FREQUENCY ACTIONS ON PROCESSING OF TECHNOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTS
The processing of various vibrational low-frequency and cavitation high-frequency actions by their rheological properties is studied. A mathematical model of the motion of particles of a technological environment is determined taking into account the different nature of the dissipative forces. Two kinds of frictional forces are applied: dry at the first stage of changing the constituents of the mixture and viscous at the second, final stage of compaction of the mixture. The obtained analytical dependencies reveal the physical picture of the behavior of particles and the technological environment as a whole. The key stages of compaction to account for dry and viscous friction between the components of materials are described. It is revealed that processing at low frequencies reduces energy costs. Taking into account in vibroacoustic processes the contribution of higher harmonics greatly accelerates the process of cavitation. This is a fundamentally new result and the idea of the possibility of obtaining an effect for creating new materials. The obtained amplitudes and frequencies of oscillations of both low-frequency and high-frequency modes open a new direction in technologies for improving the quality of material processing. The main modes and parameters of vibrational and acoustic action for effective implementation of material processing processes are determined. The obtained results are applied at definition of rheological and technological parameters at various stages of processing of materials. The basic directions of quality improvement of processing environments are formulated
The food habits of two congeneric rodent species in Point Pelee National Park, southwestern Ontario.
Dept. of Biological Sciences. Paper copy at Leddy Library: Theses & Major Papers - Basement, West Bldg. / Call Number: Thesis1975 .B385. Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 40-07, page: . Thesis (M.Sc.)--University of Windsor (Canada), 1975
ΠΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ² Π²Π·Π°ΡΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ Π°ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡ Ρ ΡΠ΅Ρ Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΠ° Π² ΡΠΌΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ ΡΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΎΡ ΠΊΠ°Π²ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ
Π ΠΎΠ·Π³Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Ρ ΡΠ° ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ² ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΊΠ°Π²ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΠ°. ΠΠΈΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ,ΡΠΎ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½Π΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅, ΠΏΡΠ΄ΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π΅ ΠΊΠ°Π²ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΉΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡ, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡ ΠΏΡΡΠΆΠ½ΠΎ-Π²βΡΠ·ΠΊΠΎ-ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½Π΅ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎ Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ Π±ΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π»Ρ ΠΡΠ½Π³Π°ΠΌΠ°-Π¨Π²Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°. Π Π΅Π°Π»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° ΡΠ΄Π΅Ρ ΡΠΎΠ·Π³Π»ΡΠ΄Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π·ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π²Π·Π°ΡΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈ Β«ΠΊΠ°Π²ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΉΠ½ΠΈΠΉ Π°ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°Ρ β ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½Π΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Β» Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ Π²ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΡΡΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π³ΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΡΠΊΡ Π°ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡ Ρ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ, Π²ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ
Π² ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π±ΡΠ»ΡΠ±Π°ΡΠΊΠΈ Π· ΡΠΎΠ·Π³Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Ρ ΡΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ, ΡΠΊ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈ Π· ΡΠΎΠ·ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ. ΠΡΠΊΡΠ»ΡΠΊΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΄Π»ΡΠ³Π°ΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ·Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΠ°, ΡΠΊΡ Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΊΠ°Π²ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΊ Π²βΡΠ·ΠΊΡ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ Ρ ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½Ρ Π²Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡ, ΡΠΎΠ·Π³Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡΠΎ Π²ΡΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ³ΡΡ Π² ΠΊΠ°Π²ΡΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ, Ρ ΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Ρ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π·ΠΎΠ½Ρ Π·Π° Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π·ΠΌΡΠ½ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ½Π΅Π·Π°Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΈΡ
Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ·Π°Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ΡΡΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡΠ² Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΏΠ°ΡΡΡ Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ΄Ρ
ΡΠ΄ Π΄Π°Π² ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ·ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ·ΠΈΡΠ½Ρ ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡΡΡ Π²Π·Π°ΡΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ, ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½Ρ Π·Π°Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ Π²ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ², Π² ΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΡΠΊΡ Ρ Ρ
Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΡ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π·ΠΎΠ½Ρ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈ Β«ΠΊΠ°Π²ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΉΠ½ΠΈΠΉ Π°ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°Ρ-ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½Π΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Β». ΠΠ°ΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΈ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π²Ρ
ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ° Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΆΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡ Ξ»/4 Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½Π½Ρ ΡΠΌΠΎΠ²ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π°ΡΡ, Π·Π° ΡΠΊΠΎΡ Ρ
Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ Π°ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡ Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ° ΡΠ·Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ. Π ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈ ΠΌΡΠΆ Π³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Ρ Π°ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡ Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠΌΡΠΆΠ½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ°Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Π»Ρ Π· ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ Π°ΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ, Π·Π°Π±Π΅Π·ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ²Π½ΡΡΡΡ Π°ΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΡ Π°ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡ Ρ Π΅ΠΊΠ²ΡΠ²Π°Π»Π΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π°ΡΡ. Π’ΠΎΠ΄Ρ, Π²ΡΠ΄Π±ΠΈΡΡΡ Π²ΡΠ΄ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡ
Π³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΡ Ρ
Π²ΠΈΠ»Ρ Π±ΡΠ΄ΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ²Π½Ρ Π·Π° Π°ΠΌΠΏΠ»ΡΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΡ, Π·Π°Π±Π΅Π·ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π°ΡΡ Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ³ΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΊΠ°Π½Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ.Approaches the definition and parameters of the model cavitation technology environment. Found that the technological environment, subdued cavitation processing, is a visco-elastic-plastic body and can be described by the model Binhama-Shvedova. Implemented is the idea to review the contact zone of interaction of the system "cavitation device β technological environment" by determining the balance of power system pressure and stress, surrounded by bubbles emerging in consideration of the fluid model as a system with distributed parameters. As the research is subject to various technological environments the cavitation is shown as viscous and plastic properties, considered taking into account the energy dissipation in cavitating environments, including the contact area on the laws change frequency independent and frequency dependent damping. This approach made it possible to reveal the physical nature of the interaction, receive analytical dependences to establish the basic parameters, including contact pressure and impedance in the contact area Β«cavitation machine systems β technological environmentΒ». Research results select the input impedance compensator length Ξ»/4 for maximum transfer conditions under which the impedance compensator system and coordination. When placing the device between the border and the environment auxiliary layer of material with the acoustic impedance ensured equality acoustic impedance device and transmission line equivalent. Then, a reflection of both boundary layer additionally installed waves are equal in amplitude, thus ensuring maximum transfer of energy to the flow of the process.Π Π°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΊ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ° ΠΊΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Ρ. ΠΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π°, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΊΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ΅, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΏΡΡΠ³ΠΎ-Π²ΡΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π±ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΡ ΠΠΈΠ½Π³Π°ΠΌΠ°-Π¨Π²Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°. Π Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π·ΠΎΠ½Ρ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Β«ΠΊΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΉ Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°Ρ - ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π°Β» Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ
Π² ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ·ΡΡΡΠΊΠ° Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΆΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ. ΠΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ°Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Ρ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π²ΡΠ·ΠΊΠΈΠ΅, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π°, ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Ρ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΈΠΈ Π² ΠΊΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅, Π² ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π·ΠΎΠ½Π΅ Ρ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ½Π΅Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΡΡ
ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π’Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ Π΄Π°Π» Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΡ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ², Π² ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π·ΠΎΠ½Π΅ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Β«ΠΊΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΉ Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°Ρ β ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π°Β». ΠΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ±ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ° Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Ξ» / 4 Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π°ΡΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ° ΡΠΎΠ³Π»Π°ΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ. Π Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ Π³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Ρ Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ»ΠΎΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π° Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ Π°ΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ, ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΡΠ°Π²Π΅Π½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ Π°ΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΈ ΡΠΊΠ²ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»Π΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π°ΡΠΈ. Π’ΠΎΠ³Π΄Π°, ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΠΈΡ
Π³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ»ΠΎΡ Π²ΠΎΠ»Π½Ρ Π±ΡΠ΄ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π²Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎ Π°ΠΌΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠ΄Π΅, ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°
Semi-Analytic Galaxy Evolution (SAGE): Model Calibration and Basic Results
This paper describes a new publicly available codebase for modelling galaxy
formation in a cosmological context, the "Semi-Analytic Galaxy Evolution"
model, or SAGE for short. SAGE is a significant update to that used in Croton
et al. (2006) and has been rebuilt to be modular and customisable. The model
will run on any N-body simulation whose trees are organised in a supported
format and contain a minimum set of basic halo properties. In this work we
present the baryonic prescriptions implemented in SAGE to describe the
formation and evolution of galaxies, and their calibration for three N-body
simulations: Millennium, Bolshoi, and GiggleZ. Updated physics include: gas
accretion, ejection due to feedback, and reincorporation via the galactic
fountain; a new gas cooling--radio mode active galactic nucleus (AGN) heating
cycle; AGN feedback in the quasar mode; a new treatment of gas in satellite
galaxies; and galaxy mergers, disruption, and the build-up of intra-cluster
stars. Throughout, we show the results of a common default parameterization on
each simulation, with a focus on the local galaxy population.Comment: 15 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in ApJS. SAGE is a
publicly available codebase for modelling galaxy formation in a cosmological
context, available at https://github.com/darrencroton/sage Questions and
comments can be sent to Darren Croton: [email protected]
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