Desarrollo de un entrenador digital portátil de bajo coste para introducir a los estudiantes en el mundo y conocimiento de la electrónica digital, que facilite e incentive el aprendizaje autónomo del alumno

Actualmente, las prácticas de laboratorio de diseño digital de la asignatura de Fundamentos de Computadores (que cuenta con más de 500 estudiantes), se realizan sobre entrenadores digitales fijos de alto coste. Esto conlleva a que los estudiantes únicamente pueden desarrollar sus prácticas en dichos laboratorios, la mayor parte del tiempo ocupados por otros grupos o prácticas de otras asignaturas. El objetivo global de este Proyecto Innova-Docencia sería el desarrollo de un entrenador digital portátil, de bajo coste, que se entregase individualmente a los estudiantes para que realicen sus diseños digitales en lugar de en los entrenadores del laboratorio. De esta manera se pone el foco en el estudiante, facilitando e incentivando el aprendizaje autónomo del alumno

Las energías renovables y el crecimiento sostenible para la sociedad

Este proyecto es fruto de la colaboración entre las Facultades de Ciencias de la Información y de Ciencias Químicas de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid. El objetivo es desarrollar una estrategia sinérgica y transversal para informar de los conocimientos científicos. La tendencia que muestra el consumo de las TIC y de los canales audiovisuales por parte de la población adolescente y por los estudiantes que acceden a la universidad indica que deben reorientarse las políticas de comunicación. Cualquier otro enfoque quedará obsoleto antes de ser aplicado. El plan está enfocado a elaborar una campaña de comunicación, articulada alrededor de las energías renovables como garantía de un futuro sostenible para la comunidad universitaria complutense. Actualmente existe un déficit en el conocimiento pragmático de lo que supone el uso de fuentes de energía que no respeten el medio ambiente. Consideramos que supone una mejora de la calidad docente la aportación de herramientas de conocimiento adaptadas a las nuevas tecnologías de la información que ya son de uso cotidiano. La innovación y la investigación deben adaptarse a los nuevos lenguajes comunicativos y por este motivo el plan de comunicación - objeto de este proyecto - contempla el uso de una aplicación (“APP”) creada exprofeso, contenidos adecuados a la red social “Instagram” y la edición de una serie de espacios audiovisuales a difundir a través un canal creado en la plataforma “YouTube”

Comprehensive cross-platform comparison of methods for non-invasive EGFR mutation testing : results of the RING observational trial.

Abstract Several platforms for noninvasive EGFR testing are currently used in the clinical setting with sensitivities ranging from 30% to 100%. Prospective studies evaluating agreement and sources for discordant results remain lacking. Herein, seven methodologies including two next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based methods, three high-sensitivity PCR-based platforms, and two FDA-approved methods were compared using 72 plasma samples, from EGFR-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients progressing on a first-line tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI). NGS platforms as well as high-sensitivity PCR-based methodologies showed excellent agreement for EGFR-sensitizing mutations (K = 0.80-0.89) and substantial agreement for T790M testing (K = 0.77 and 0.68, respectively). Mutant allele frequencies (MAFs) obtained by different quantitative methods showed an excellent reproducibility (intraclass correlation coefficients 0.86-0.98). Among other technical factors, discordant calls mostly occurred at mutant allele frequencies (MAFs) ≤ 0.5%. Agreement significantly improved when discarding samples with MAF ≤ 0.5%. EGFR mutations were detected at significantly lower MAFs in patients with brain metastases, suggesting that these patients risk for a false-positive result. Our results support the use of liquid biopsies for noninvasive EGFR testing and highlight the need to systematically report MAFs. Keywords: NGS; circulating free DNA; epidermal growth factor receptor; non-small-cell lung cancer; osimertinib; tyrosine kinase inhibitor

Polymer-modified sulfonated PEEK ionomer membranes and the use of Ru3Pd6Pt as cathode catalyst for H2/O2 fuel cells

[EN] Nanocomposite membranes incorporating electrospun nanofibers of SPEEK, blended with 30 wt% PVB within a water-based matrix of SPEEK with 35 wt% PVA using water as solvent, were prepared and characterized for their application as Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs) in H-2/O-2 operating at low temperatures. Compared with a dense bulk phase, an improvement of proton conductivity in the SPEEK-30PVB nanofiber framework was observed. The incorporation of the SPEEK-30PVB nanofibers provides mechanical improvement while the matrix phase of SPEEK-35PVA emphasizes the proton conductivity at crosslinking temperatures up to 140 degrees C. PEMFC performance tests showed promising results for the use of these novel low cost membranes. The nanocomposite membrane reached a power density which is 25% higher than that of Nafion117 membranes with MEAs constructed with Pt loading in anode and in cathode. However, when the Pt of the cathode is substituted by Ru3Pd6Pt, the power density is lower in Nafion117 MEAs than in the nanocomposite. When used commercial Pt-carbon cloth (Pt-ETEK) for the electrodes, the power density achieved is 1.4 times higher for the Nafion117 MEAs than SPEEK nano-composites. The differences observed in performance is attributed to the large polarization losses found in the composite membranes because of the interfacial phenomena associated with the use of commercial Nafion-based electrodes.This research is in the frame of Support Programme for Research and Development of the Polytechnic University of Valencia, and the Ministry of Science and for funding provided through the projects: ENE2015-69203-R. OSF thanks to CONACYT-Mexico for supporting this research with the grant 475920.Martínez-Casillas, D.; Solorza, O.; Mollá Romano, S.; Montero Reguera, ÁE.; Garcia Bernabe, A.; Compañ Moreno, V. (2019). Polymer-modified sulfonated PEEK ionomer membranes and the use of Ru3Pd6Pt as cathode catalyst for H2/O2 fuel cells. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 44(1):295-303. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.09.217S29530344

Formación en Nuevas Tecnologías e Intercambio de Experiencias Innovadoras en la Facultad de Geografía e Historia

Con este Proyecto de Innovación y Mejora de la Calidad Docente, de carácter institucional, se pretende dar continuidad a la etapa de innovación y formación docente que se inició el pasado Curso 2018-2019 en la Facultad de Geografía e Historia de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Así como a las anteriores iniciativas de la Facultad de Geografía e Historia en materia de nuevas tecnologías. El objetivo de este proyecto, siguiendo la metodología del año anterior, ha pretendido promover en nuestra Facultad una formación en el ámbito de la innovación educativa y de las nuevas tecnologías basada en: (i) la formación del Profesorado, del Personal de Administración y Servicios, y del Alumnado de nuestro Centro y (ii) en el intercambio de experiencias innovadoras entre representantes de estos colectivos, para poder hacer uso de las mismas en su desempeño docente, administrativo y formativo, respectivamente. El Proyecto, dirigido por el Vicedecano de Innovación, Nuevas Tecnologías y Comunicación de la Facultad, se adecua a las líneas prioritarias de la convocatoria Innova-Gestión Calidad, puesto que ha servido para profundizar en la innovación y en la mejora de la calidad docente-investigadora a través de programas formativos que, en la actualidad, constituyen objetivos prioritarios de la Estrategia UCM2020 de Investigación

Strategies to reengage patients lost to follow up in HIV care in high income countries, a scoping review

Background: Despite remarkable achievements in antiretroviral therapy (ART), losses to follow-up (LTFU) might prevent the long-term success of HIV treatment and might delay the achievement of the 90-90-90 objectives. This scoping review is aimed at the description and analysis of the strategies used in high-income countries to reengage LTFU in HIV care, their implementation and impact. Methods: A scoping review was done following Arksey & O'Malley's methodological framework and recommendations from Joanna Briggs Institute. Peer reviewed articles were searched for in Pubmed, Scopus and Web of Science; and grey literature was searched for in Google and other sources of information. Documents were charted according to the information presented on LTFU, the reengagement procedures used in HIV units in high-income countries, published during the last 15 years. In addition, bibliographies of chosen articles were reviewed for additional articles. Results: Twenty-eight documents were finally included, over 80% of them published in the United States later than 2015. Database searches, phone calls and/or mail contacts were the most common strategies used to locate and track LTFU, while motivational interviews and strengths-based techniques were used most often during reengagement visits. Outcomes like tracing activities efficacy, rates of reengagement and viral load reduction were reported as outcome measures. Conclusions: This review shows a recent and growing trend in developing and implementing patient reengagement strategies in HIV care. However, most of these strategies have been implemented in the United States and little information is available for other high-income countries. The procedures used to trace and contact LTFU are similar across reviewed studies, but their impact and sustainability are widely different depending on the country studied

Efficient algorithms for information retrieval from remote sensing images

Tesis doctoral con la Mención de "Doctor Internacional"Las principales contribuciones del presente trabajo de tesis doctoral vienen dadas en primer lugar por la propuesta de nuevos algoritmos paralelos para la recuperación de información en imágenes obtenidas mediante sensores de observación remota de la Tierra. Dichos algoritmos se fundamentan en el problema de la mezcla (problema característico en imágenes de gran dimensionalidad espectral, denominadas hiperespectrales), que permite expresar los píxeles de una imagen como una combinación lineal o no lineal de elementos espectralmente puros, ponderados por sus correspondientes fracciones de abundancia. Una vez descrita la base teórica del estudio, la tesis doctoral presenta una comparativa del uso de diferentes arquitecturas paralelas para abordar el problema de desmezclado espectral o unmixing con las siguientes etapas: 1) estimación automática del número de endmembers, 2) identificación, y 3) estimación de la abundancia de cada endmember en cada píxel de la imagen. Con vistas a resolver el problema del desmezclado espectral en imágenes de satélite con baja resolución espectral (generalmente denominadas multiespectrales), se ha propuesto un esquema para expandir la dimensionalidad de dichas imágenes mediante la inclusión de información espectral y espacial (utilizando técnicas de morfología matemática). Finalmente, el presente trabajo de tesis doctoral integra las técnicas anteriormente desarrolladas en un sistema de información para realizar clasificación de imágenes obtenidas mediante sensores aerotransportados o satélites de observación remota de la Tierra. El diseño inicial en forma de aplicación de escritorio ha sido mejorado tras la utilización de un servidor remoto y el uso de tecnologías web.The main contributions of the present thesis work are given first, by the proposal of new parallel algorithms for information retrieval from remotely sensed images of the surface of the Earth. These algorithms are based on the unmixing problem (characteristic of remotely sensed images with high spectral resolution), which allows to express the pixels of an image as a linear or nonlinear combination of spectrally pure elements, weighted by their corresponding abundance fractions. Once the theoretical foundations of the proposed study are described, the thesis work presents a comparison of different parallel architectures to address the spectral unmixing or unmixing problem with the following steps: 1) automatic identification of the number of endmembers; 2) automatic extraction; and 3) estimation of the fractional abundance of endmembers on a sub-pixel basis. In order to solve the spectral unmixing problem in satellite images with low spectral resolution (usually called multispectral), a methodology to expand the dimensionality of such images has been developed by including spectral and spatial information (using mathematical morphology concepts). Subsequently, the result is used as input to improve the interpretation of the image with respect to the case where only the original spectral information is used. Finally, the present thesis work integrates the techniques previously developed on an information system for classification of images obtained by satellite or airborne sensors for remote sensing of the Earth. The initial design as a desktop application has been improved through the use of a remote server using web technologies

Role of TGF-β in Skin Chronic Wounds: A Keratinocyte Perspective

Chronic wounds are characterized for their incapacity to heal within an expected time frame. Potential mechanisms driving this impairment are poorly understood and current hypotheses point to the development of an unbalanced milieu of growth factor and cytokines. Among them, TGF-β is considered to promote the broadest spectrum of effects. Although it is known to contribute to healthy skin homeostasis, the highly context-dependent nature of TGF-β signaling restricts the understanding of its roles in healing and wound chronification. Historically, low TGF-β levels have been suggested as a pattern in chronic wounds. However, a revision of the available evidence in humans indicates that this could constitute a questionable argument. Thus, in chronic wounds, divergences regarding skin tissue compartments seem to be characterized by elevated TGF-β levels only in the epidermis. Understanding how this aspect affects keratinocyte activities and their capacity to re-epithelialize might offer an opportunity to gain comprehensive knowledge of the involvement of TGF-β in chronic wounds. In this review, we compile existing evidence on the roles played by TGF-β during skin wound healing, with special emphasis on keratinocyte responses. Current limitations and future perspectives of TGF-β research in chronic wounds are discussed