103 research outputs found
Towards Tighter Space Bounds for Counting Triangles and Other Substructures in Graph Streams
We revisit the much-studied problem of space-efficiently estimating the number of triangles in a graph stream, and extensions of this problem to counting fixed-sized cliques and cycles. For the important special case of counting triangles, we give a 4-pass, (1 +/- epsilon)-approximate, randomized algorithm using O-tilde(epsilon^(-2) m^(3/2) / T) space, where m is the number of edges and T is a promised lower bound on the number of triangles. This matches the space bound of a recent algorithm (McGregor et al., PODS 2016), with an arguably simpler and more general technique. We give an improved multi-pass lower bound of Omega(min{m^(3/2)/
Graph Coloring via Degeneracy in Streaming and Other Space-Conscious Models
We study the problem of coloring a given graph using a small number of colors
in several well-established models of computation for big data. These include
the data streaming model, the general graph query model, the massively parallel
computation (MPC) model, and the CONGESTED-CLIQUE and the LOCAL models of
distributed computation. On the one hand, we give algorithms with sublinear
complexity, for the appropriate notion of complexity in each of these models.
Our algorithms color a graph using about colors, where
is the degeneracy of : this parameter is closely related to the
arboricity . As a function of alone, our results are
close to best possible, since the optimal number of colors is .
On the other hand, we establish certain lower bounds indicating that
sublinear algorithms probably cannot go much further. In particular, we prove
that any randomized coloring algorithm that uses many colors,
would require storage in the one pass streaming model, and
many queries in the general graph query model, where is the
number of vertices in the graph. These lower bounds hold even when the value of
is known in advance; at the same time, our upper bounds do not
require to be given in advance.Comment: 26 page
Long-range and short-range magnetic correlations, and microscopic origin of net magnetization in the spin-1 trimer chain compound CaNi3P4O14
Spin-spin correlations and microscopic origin of net magnetization in the
spin-1 trimer chain compound CaNi3P4O14 have been investigated by powder
neutron diffraction. The present study reveals a 3D long-range magnetic
ordering below 16 K where the magnetic structure consists of ferromagnetic
trimers that are coupled ferromagnetically along the spin-chain. The moment
components along the a and c axes arrange antiferromagnetically. Our study
establishes that the uncompensated moment components along the b axis result in
a net magnetization per unit cell. The magnetic structure, determined in the
present study, is in agreement with the results of recent first principles
calculation; however, it is in contrast to a fascinating experimental
prediction of ferrimagnetic ordering based on the periodicity of the exchange
interactions in CaNi3P4O14. Our study also confirms the presence of broad
diffuse magnetic scattering, due to 1D short-range spin-spin correlations, over
a wide temperature range below ~50 K down to a temperature well below the Tc.
Total neutron scattering analysis by the RMC method reveals that the dominating
spin-spin correlation above Tc is ferromagnetic and along the b axis. The
nearest neighbour spin-spin correlations along the a and c axes are found to be
weakly antiferromagnetic. The nature of the trimer spin structure of the
short-range state is similar to that of the 3D long-range ordered state. The
present investigation of microscopic nature of the magnetic ground state also
explains the condition required for the 1/3 magnetization plateau to be
observed in the trimer spin-chains. In spite of the S=1 trimer chain system,
the present compound CaNi3P4O14 is found to be a good realization of 3D magnet
below the Tc=16 K with full ordered moment values of ~2 mu_B/Ni2+ (1.98 and
1.96 mu_B/Ni2+ for two Ni sites, respectively) at 1.5 K.Comment: 10 pages, 8 figure
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Novel Hydrothermal Synthesis of CoS<sub>2</sub>/MWCNT Nanohybrid Electrode for Supercapacitor: A Systematic Investigation on the Influence of MWCNT
Here we report a novel hydrothermal method to synthesize hybrid nanostructures based on single phase cobalt disulfide (CoS2) nanoparticles decorated on multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) for application as supercapacitor electrode. This is also the first report on systematic investigation of the influence of MWCNTs on the electrochemical properties of CoS2 nanoparticle based electrode for supercapacitor. The X-ray diffraction and electron microscopic analyses revealed that incorporation of CNTs promotes the growth of only the CoS2 phase in the form of spherical nanoparticles with an average diameter of ∼9 nm. CoS2-MWCNT nanohybrid electrode containing 20 wt % MWCNT showed the highest specific capacitance of 1486 F/g at 1 A/g discharge current density along with excellent reversibility. It also showed high cycle stability with ∼80% retention of specific capacitance even after 10,000 cycles. Thus, we show a low cost and simple method to synthesize a CoS2-MWCNT nanohybrid that has great promise as electrode material for supercapacitor applications. Incorporation of CNT not only provides a conducting network for fast charge diffusion but (due to large surface area) also allows more CoS2 molecules to be readily available for redox reaction resulting in the reduction of the charge transfer resistance consistent with the data obtained from electrochemical impedance spectroscopy
Culture independent molecular analysis of bacterial communities in the mangrove sediment of Sundarban, India
Background: Sundarban is the world's largest coastal sediment comprising of mangrove forest which covers about one million hectares in the south-eastern parts of India and southern parts of Bangladesh. The microbial diversity in this sediment is largely unknown till date. In the present study an attempt has been made to understand the microbial diversity in this sediment using a cultivation-independent molecular approach. Results: Two 16 S rRNA gene libraries were constructed and partial sequencing of the selected clones was carried out to identify bacterial strains present in the sediment. Phylogenetic analysis of partially sequenced 16 S rRNA gene sequences revealed the diversity of bacterial strains in the Sundarban sediment. At least 8 different bacterial phyla were detected. The major divisions of detected bacterial phyla were Proteobacteria (alpha, beta, gamma, and delta), Flexibacteria (CFB group), Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Chloroflexi, Firmicutes, Planctomycetes and Gammatimonadates. Conclusion: The gammaproteobacteria were found to be the most abundant bacterial group in Sundarban sediment. Many clones showed similarity with previously reported bacterial lineages recovered from various marine sediments. The present study indicates a probable hydrocarbon and oil contamination in this sediment. In the present study, a number of clones were identified that have shown similarity with bacterial clones or isolates responsible for the maintenance of the S-cycle in the saline environment
Understanding the multiple magnetic structures of the intermetallic compound NdMn1.4Co0.6Si2
Magnetic phases for the intermetallic compound NdMn1.4Co0.6Si2 have been
investigated at various temperatures by dc magnetization, neutron diffraction
and neutron depolarization. Our study shows multiple magnetic phase transitions
with temperature (T) over 1.5-300 K. In agreement with dc-magnetization and
neutron depolarization results, the temperature dependence of the neutron
diffraction patterns shows five distinct regions with different magnetic
phases. These temperature regions are (i) T >= 215 K, (ii) 215 K > T >= 50 K,
(iii) 50 K > T >= 40 K, (iv) 40 K > T > 15 K, and (v) T =< 15 K. The
corresponding magnetic structures are paramagnetic, commensurate collinear
antiferromagnetic (AFM-I), incommensurate AFM (AFM-II), mixed ferromagnetic and
AFM (FM+AFM-II), and incommensurate AFM (AFM-II), respectively.Comment: 26 pages, 10 figure
Performance Analysis of Linear and Non-Linear Equalizer in Rician Channel
AbstractIn this paper, equalization algorithms applying soft–decision feedback, designed for quaternary phase–shift keying (QPSK) and 8PSK (phase–shift keying) transmission are introduced. The method employed is a minimum mean– squared error (MMSE) in which each iteration is done in order to refine the data estimates. The rule for generating soft decisions is adapted continuously to the current state of the algorithm. We show that standard Decision Feedback Equalization (DFE-Non linear Equaliser) methods are clearly outperformed the minimum mean–squared error (MMSE linear Equaliser). We use the MATLAB to show that the MMSE-DFE provide better performance with the increasing value of SNR in scattering environment
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