IS THERE AN ASSOCIATION OF HEAVY DRINKING WITH ACUTE ILLNESS AMONG COLLEGE STUDENTS IF SMOKING STATUS IS CONTROLLED?

Other RESEARCH PAPERS on student drinking, smoking and drug use can be found at: https://scholarworks.iu.edu/dspace/handle/2022/17130/browse?type=title; https://scholarworks.iu.edu/dspace/handle/2022/17127/browse?type=title and https://scholarworks.iu.edu/dspace/handle/2022/17124/browse?type=title. Further information about the questionnaire, calculations used for the study, and the original data base can be found in the following item records within IUScholarworks repository. Details about the reliability and validity of the SAQ are found at: http://hdl.handle.net/2022/17182; http://hdl.handle.net/2022/17154; http://hdl.handle.net/2022/17181. The classic 1975 copy of the SAQ is found at http://hdl.handle.net/2022/17153. ALL QUESTIONNAIRES developed by Engs are found in the repository at: https://scholarworks.iu.edu/dspace/handle/2022/17141/browse?type=dateissuedA publication related to this presentation is found at http://hdl.handle.net/2022/17422 and a presentation for a later project is found at http://hdl.handle.net/2022/18611BACKGROUND: Smoking has been shown to be associated with a higher incidence of chronic diseases among older adults and acute illnesses among young adults. Heavy alcohol intake has been found to be associated with a higher incidence of chronic and acute diseases among older alcoholics PURPOSE: the purpose of the study was to determine if there was an association of acute illness and alcohol intake among a sample of college students if smoking is controlled. METHODS: The Health and Lifestyle Questionnaire was administered to a sample of 1,281 students in the 1991-1992 academic year to personal health classes at a large mid-western university. The questionnaire contains items concerning drinking, smoking, drug use, and lifestyle questions such as exercise, diet, etc. along with acute illnesses such as upper respiratory infections, gastro-intestinal and STDs. RESULTS: Although there was an association between smoking and drinking levels, there was no significant effect from smoking in terms of acute health problems. In addition, no increase in acute health issues or upper respiratory infections were found with students who consumed between one and 21 drinks per week. However, students drinking 28 or more alcoholic drinks per week had significantly more health problems; those drinking more than 22 drinks per week had more upper respiratory infections compared to the other students including nondrinkers. CONCLUSIONS: It was concluded that excessive alcohol intake alone increased the risk of respiratory infections and acute illnesses in this sample of college students, but more moderate alcohol consumption had little effect on the risk for these health problems

The Association of Alcohol Consumption with Self-Reported Illness

This document is the final draft of the article from IUScholarworks: http://hdl.handle.net/2022/26441. Copies of the Student Health and Lifestyle Questionnaire used in this study are available on IUScholarworks: http://hdl.handle.net/2022/17338Many reports over the years have indicated an association between alcohol consumption and infectious illness among chronic heavy drinkers; however, many patients in these studies have been chronically ill. Thus the question of whether alcohol can appreciably influence immunity in humans and affect the incidence of infectious diseases remains largely unanswered. For this study over 1,100 undergraduate students from a general education course at large midwestern university were surveyed. Students were asked about their drinking habits and acute health problems. Analyses showed no increase in acute health problems or upper respiratory infections in students drinking between one and 21 drinks per week. However, students drinking 28 or more alcoholic drinks per week had significantly more health problems in the aggregate and those drinking more than 22 drinks per week had more upper respiratory infections compared to the other students including non drinkers. It was concluded that excessive alcohol intake increased the risk of respiratory infections and acute illnesses in this sample of students, but more moderate alcohol consumption had little effect on the risk for these health problems.Indiana Universit

Anthropology in the Clinic: The Problem of Cultural Competency and How to Fix It

RefereedMichael Crichton FundHarvard Medical SchoolNational Institute of Mental Health Training Grant on “Culture and Mental Health Services” (5T32MH018006-21

New Forearm Elements Discovered of Holotype Specimen Australovenator wintonensis from Winton, Queensland, Australia

New skeletal elements are reported of the holotype specimen Australovenator wintonensis, from the type locality, near Winton, central western Queensland. New elements include left and right humeri, right radius, right radiale, right distal carpal 1, near complete right metacarpal I, left manual phalanx II-1, left manual phalanx II-2, near complete left manual phalanx II-3 and a left manual phalanx III-3. These new elements combined with those previously described are compared against other neovenatorids

Clostridium difficile Infections among Hospitalized Children, United States, 1997–2006

Physicians need a better understanding of outcomes of these infections

A proposal for a coordinated effort for the determination of brainwide neuroanatomical connectivity in model organisms at a mesoscopic scale

In this era of complete genomes, our knowledge of neuroanatomical circuitry remains surprisingly sparse. Such knowledge is however critical both for basic and clinical research into brain function. Here we advocate for a concerted effort to fill this gap, through systematic, experimental mapping of neural circuits at a mesoscopic scale of resolution suitable for comprehensive, brain-wide coverage, using injections of tracers or viral vectors. We detail the scientific and medical rationale and briefly review existing knowledge and experimental techniques. We define a set of desiderata, including brain-wide coverage; validated and extensible experimental techniques suitable for standardization and automation; centralized, open access data repository; compatibility with existing resources, and tractability with current informatics technology. We discuss a hypothetical but tractable plan for mouse, additional efforts for the macaque, and technique development for human. We estimate that the mouse connectivity project could be completed within five years with a comparatively modest budget.Comment: 41 page

DAVID Bioinformatics Resources: expanded annotation database and novel algorithms to better extract biology from large gene lists

All tools in the DAVID Bioinformatics Resources aim to provide functional interpretation of large lists of genes derived from genomic studies. The newly updated DAVID Bioinformatics Resources consists of the DAVID Knowledgebase and five integrated, web-based functional annotation tool suites: the DAVID Gene Functional Classification Tool, the DAVID Functional Annotation Tool, the DAVID Gene ID Conversion Tool, the DAVID Gene Name Viewer and the DAVID NIAID Pathogen Genome Browser. The expanded DAVID Knowledgebase now integrates almost all major and well-known public bioinformatics resources centralized by the DAVID Gene Concept, a single-linkage method to agglomerate tens of millions of diverse gene/protein identifiers and annotation terms from a variety of public bioinformatics databases. For any uploaded gene list, the DAVID Resources now provides not only the typical gene-term enrichment analysis, but also new tools and functions that allow users to condense large gene lists into gene functional groups, convert between gene/protein identifiers, visualize many-genes-to-many-terms relationships, cluster redundant and heterogeneous terms into groups, search for interesting and related genes or terms, dynamically view genes from their lists on bio-pathways and more. With DAVID (http://david.niaid.nih.gov), investigators gain more power to interpret the biological mechanisms associated with large gene lists