Efectos de los diferentes tratamientos de ejercicio sobre la obesidad. Estudio PRONAF

La efectividad de los programas de pérdida de peso son muy heterogéneas, y oscilan entre el 5-9% de cambio en la grasa cuando se hace sólo ejercicio (1, 4), al 24-29% cuando el ejercicio se acompaña de restricción calórica (2) (3). Sin embargo no se ha comprobado en población española adulta a través de un ensayo clínico, la efectividad de programas combinados de dieta más ejercicio en un entorno ecológico

Is it possible to discriminate the body weight loss?

Most studies have described how the weight loss is when different treatments are compared (1-3), while others have also compared the weight loss by sex (4), or have taken into account psychosocial (5) and lifestyle (6, 7) variables. However, no studies have examined the interaction of different variables and the importance of them in the weight loss

Validation of an instrument for injury data collection in strength training

Purpose: To provide for the basis for collecting strength training data using a rigorously validated injury report form. Methods: A group of specialist designed a questionnaire of 45 item grouped into 4 dimensions. Six stages were used to assess face, content, and criterion validity of the weight training injury report form. A 13 members panel assessed the form for face validity, and an expert panel assessed it for content and criterion validity. Panel members were consulted until consensus was reached. A yardstick developed by an expert panel using Intraclass correlation technique was used to assess the reability of the form. Test-retest reliability was assessed with the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).The strength training injury report form was developed, and the face, content, and criterion validity successfully assessed. A six step protocol to create a yardstick was also developed to assist in the validation process. Both inter-rater and intra rater reliability results indicated a 98% agreement. Inter-rater reliability agreement of 98% for three injuries. Results: The Cronbach?s alpha of the questionnaire was 0.944 (pmenor que0.01) and the ICC of the entire questionnaire was 0.894 (pmenor que0.01). Conclusion: The questionnaire gathers together enough psychometric properties to be considered a valid and reliable tool for register injury data in strength training, and providing researchers with a basis for future studies in this area. Key Words: data collection; validation; injury prevention; strength trainin

Arbitrios locales sobre la propiedad semoviente en Castilla durante los siglos XIV y XV.

Sin resume

Opciones económicas y productivas de reestructuración de las unidades indígenas de producción de café ante la crisis agrícola: Estudio en la Sierra Nororiental de Puebla, México.

En México, el café es una plantación que se cultiva en pequeñas extensiones de tierra por productores indígenas que viven en condiciones de marginación y pobreza. La disminución del precio del café en México ha traído consigo el abandono parcial y total de las fincas, disminución de los ingresos, desempleo, migración y profundización de la pobreza de las personas que dependen de esta actividad. La investigación se realizó en los municipios de: 1) Cuetzalan; 2) Huitzilan; 3) Huehuetla; y 4) Ixtepec en la Sierra Nororiente del estado de Puebla, México, dos municipios son habitados principalmente por indígenas Totonacas y los otros por indígenas Náhuas. En la obtención de la información se utilizó muestreo estratificado aleatorio, con asignación proporcional al tamaño de cada uno de los municipios, la precisión fue del 15 por ciento de la media general y una confiabilidad del 95 %. El tamaño de muestra quedo definido en 216 entrevistas. El objetivo de este trabajo es estudiar las opciones económicas y productivas de los indígenas que cultivan café ante la disminución de sus ingresos como consecuencia de la crisis agrícola. Los resultados de la investigación muestran que ante las condiciones de pobreza los cafeticultores han transformado sus unidades de producción es por ello que han incursionado en la producción de café orgánico y el comercio justo. Además han diversificado la producción de cultivos en sus terrenos mediante la incorporación de la vainilla, bambú y árboles maderables. También contemplan la migración nacional e inician la internacional como una opción que les permite mejorar su condición socioeconómica. La crisis agrícola nacional y la del café en particular han afectado a los ya empobrecidos campesinos, sin embargo, se movilizan hacia nuevas opciones que les garantizan la supervivencia de la unidad de producción familiar

Diseño y validación de un cuestionario socio-emocional para jóvenes futbolistas de élite. Desing and validation of a socio-emotional questionnaire for yourh footbal players

Validación de un cuestionario socio-emocional en fútbo

Injuries in strength training: review and practical application

Purpose: This systematic review examines what is known about injuries in strength training. Methods: A systematic search was performed in PubMed and SportDiscus. Studies were included if they examined powerlifters, weightlifters, strongman athletes, bodybuilding athletes, individuals who undertook recreational weight training or weight training to complement athletic performance. Exposure variables were incidence, severity and body part injury. Results: After examining 1214 titles and abstracts, 62 articles were identified as potentially relevant. Finally, 11 were included in this systematic review. Conflicting results were reported on the relationships between injury definition and incidence or severity recorded. The lower back followed by the shoulder and knee are the most frequently affected areas in strength sports. Conclusion: Strength training is safe. However, the variety of injury definitions has makes it difficult to compare different studies in this field. New styles of reporting injuries have appeared, and could make increases these ratios. If methodological limitations in measuring incidence rate and severity injuries can be resolved, more work can be conducted to define the real incidence rate, compare it with others sports, and explore cause and effect relationships in randomized controlled trials. Key Words: strength training, injuries, specific strength sports, severit

Leveraging Container Technologies in a GIScience Project: A Perspective from Open Reproducible Research

Scientific reproducibility is essential for the advancement of science. It allows the results of previous studies to be reproduced, validates their conclusions and develops new contributions based on previous research. Nowadays, more and more authors consider that the ultimate product of academic research is the scientific manuscript, together with all the necessary elements (i.e., code and data) so that others can reproduce the results. However, there are numerous difficulties for some studies to be reproduced easily (i.e., biased results, the pressure to publish, and proprietary data). In this context, we explain our experience in an attempt to improve the reproducibility of a GIScience project. According to our project needs, we evaluated a list of practices, standards and tools that may facilitate open and reproducible research in the geospatial domain, contextualising them on Peng’s reproducibility spectrum. Among these resources, we focused on containerisation technologies and performed a shallow review to reflect on the level of adoption of these technologies in combination with OSGeo software. Finally, containerisation technologies proved to enhance the reproducibility and we used UML diagrams to describe representative work-flows deployed in our GIScience project

An agent-based framework for selection of partners in dynamic virtual enterprises

Advances in computer networking technology and open system standards have made practically feasible to create and manage virtual enterprises. A virtual enterprise, VE, is usually defined as a temporary alliance of enterprises that come together to share their skills, core competencies, and resources in order to better respond to business opportunities, and whose cooperation is supported by computer networks. The materialization of this paradigm, although enabled by recent advances in communication technologies, computer networks and logistics, requires an appropriate architectural framework and support tools. In this paper we propose an agent-based model of a dynamic VE to support the different selection processes that are used in selecting the partners for a dynamic VE, where the partners of a VE are represented by agents. Such a framework will form the basis for tools that provide automated support for creation, and operation, of dynamic virtual enterprises

Automatic identification of physical activity intensity and modality from the fusion of accelerometry and heart rate data

Background: Physical activity (PA) is essential to prevent and to treat a variety of chronic diseases. The automated detection and quantification of PA over time empowers lifestyle interventions, facilitating reliable exercise tracking and data-driven counseling. Methods: We propose and compare various combinations of machine learning (ML) schemes for the automatic classification of PA from multi-modal data, simultaneously captured by a biaxial accelerometer and a heart rate (HR) monitor. Intensity levels (low/moderate/vigorous) were recognized, as well as for vigorous exercise, its modality (sustained aerobic/resistance/mixed). In total, 178.63 h of data about PA intensity (65.55% low/18.96% moderate/15.49% vigorous) and 17.00 h about modality were collected in two experiments: one in free-living conditions, another in a fitness center under controlled protocols. The structure used for automatic classification comprised: a) definition of 42 time-domain signal features, b) dimensionality reduction, c) data clustering, and d) temporal filtering to exploit time redundancy by means of a Hidden Markov Model (HMM). Four dimensionality reduction techniques and four clustering algorithms were studied. In order to cope with class imbalance in the dataset, a custom performance metric was defined to aggregate recognition accuracy, precision and recall. Results: The best scheme, which comprised a projection through Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) and k-means clustering, was evaluated in leave-one-subject-out cross-validation; notably outperforming the standard industry procedures for PA intensity classification: score 84.65%, versus up to 63.60%. Errors tended to be brief and to appear around transients. Conclusions: The application of ML techniques for pattern identification and temporal filtering allowed to merge accelerometry and HR data in a solid manner, and achieved markedly better recognition performances than the standard methods for PA intensity estimation