Long-Run Determinants of Inflation Differentials in a Monetary Union

This paper analyzes the long-run determinants of inflation differentials in a monetary union. First, we aim at establishing some stylized facts relating the regional dispersion in headline inflation rates in the euro area as well as in the main components of the consumer price index. We find that a relatively large proportion of it occurs in the Service category of the EU's harmonized consumer price index (HICP). We then lay out a model of a monetary union with fully flexible prices, the long-run properties of which are analyzed. Our model departs in several respect from the Balassa-Samuelson hypotheses. Our results are in contrast with the result that movements in the real exchange rate are mainly driven by regionally asymmetric productivity shocks in the traded sectors. Our results point instead to relative variations in productivity in the non-traded sector as the primary cause of price and inflation differentials, with shocks to productivity in the traded sector being largely absorbed by movements in the terms of trade in the regional economies. These shocks are also found to largely drive the variability of real wages at the country level.

Gestión administrativa y calidad del servicio en una Institución Educativa Pública del Callao, 2023

La investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar la relación que existe entre la gestión directiva y la calidad del servicio educativo que existe en una institución educativa del Callao, 2023. Se trabajó con una muestra de 81 docentes de una institución educativa quienes participaron de la técnica de encuesta por medio de dos cuestionarios en escala ordinal. La investigación fue cuantitativa, con un diseño no experimental, correlacional. Los instrumentos fueron validados por medio del criterio de juicio de experto, además de que tuvieron confiabilidad de acuerdo con la prueba Alfa de Cronbach. Los resultados mostraron que existe una relación significativa entre la gestión administrativa y la calidad del servicio educativo (rho = 0,703; sig. = 0,002) además de que la misma correlación se presentaba entre la gestión administrativa y las dimensiones fiabilidad, capacidad de réplica, seguridad y empatía

Volumetric capnography and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease staging

Spirometry is difficult for some COPD patient to perform. Volumetric capnography could be a second choice test to evaluate the severity of functional disturbances. The aim of this work is to test this hypothesis. A total number of 98 subjects were classified either as normal ex-smokers (N=14) or COPD patients. The latter were staged following GOLD recommendations. Spirometry and volumetric capnography recordings were obtained from each patient. Spirometry parameters, Bohr Dead Space (V(D)Bohr), Airways Dead Space from the pre-interface expirate corrected curve (V(D)aw), Phase III slope (Sl(III)) and Volume of alveolar ejection (V(AE)) were measured. Index of Ventilatory Efficiency (IVE), and Index of Airways Heterogeneity (IAH) were calculated as: IVE = V(AE)/(V(T) - V(D)aw) and IAH = 1-[(V(T)-V(D)Bohr)/(V(T) - V(D)aw)]. In ANOCOVA analysis IAH showed the greatest association with stage (F >40), with no significant covariant dependence on V(T). A receiver operating characteristics curve analysis showed values of the area under the curve greater than 0.9 for IAH and IVE at all stage levels, with a sensitivity = specificity value greater than 80%. We conclude that IAH and IVE can be used when spirometry cannot be reliably performed, as an alternative test to evaluate the degree of functional involvement in COPD patients

Mejoramiento de la calidad de atención para incrementar la satisfacción del paciente del área del laboratorio del hospital Jerusalén de la Esperanza, 2019

La presente investigación titulada MEJORAMIENTO DE LA CALIDAD DE ATENCIÓN PARA INCREMENTAR LA SATISFACCIÓN DEL PACIENTE DEL ÁREA DE LABORATORIO DEL HOSPITAL JERUSALÉN DE LA ESPERANZA, 2019, estuvo desarrollado en las teorías del círculo de Deming; para lo cual empleó el método deductivo, es una investigación de tipo experimental, aplicándolo a una población o muestra de los pacientes que atiende el hospital. Para lo cual empleó el Principio de Pareto, Matriz de Mejoras, diagrama de Ishikawa, entre otras. Obteniendo como principales resultados el incremento del indicador del nivel de satisfacción a 83.1% y un incremento de 23.60%

Dynamic Model Derivation of a 3RRR Robot Based in Screw Theory

In this article a technique to obtain a dynamic model of a 3RRR robot from its kinematic model based on screw theory is proposed, which allows to obtain the open or closed robot kinematics. First the kinematic model is obtained in a compact form and then the dynamic model is obtained from the Euler Lagrange method, with this the simplicity and compactness characteristics are transferred to the dynamic model. The dynamic model is obtained initially for the actuated joints and then for the effector coordinates through its interrelations. To prove the effectiveness of this theoretical derivation the obtained model is tested with a proportional-derivative controller (PD) because it provides a simple control strategy that can be extended later to more effective controllers

Crítica constructiva de la metodología PPL aplicada en la enseñanza de la física

La desmotivación es uno de los fenómenos sociales más comunes entre las personas, sin embargo, cuando la desmotivación se presenta en el entorno educativo es necesario realizar estudios que permitan identificar las causas que provocan ciertas conductas en los estudiantes y cómo afectan su rendimiento académico. El presente estudio explica cómo ciertos modelos didácticos aplicados en la educación superior están afectando no sólo el desempeño académico de los estudiantes sino también sus emociones. El objetivo del estudio es identificar y analizar los componentes de la desmotivación de los estudiantes en la asignatura de Física en la carrera de ingeniería. El estudio tiene un enfoque cualitativo a través de un procedimiento introspectivo a partir de la percepción del estudiantado. Para ello, se realizó una entrevista a 97 estudiantes de la carrera de ingeniería de una Universidad de Guayaquil, 15 mujeres y 87 varones. Los resultados de las entrevistas ponen de manifiesto, como principales integrantes de la desmotivación, una metodología aplicada sin ser sometida a un grado de satisfacción por parte del estudiante, así como ciertas dinámicas poco pedagógicas y didáctica aplicada por los docentes del área de Física. Además cabe añadir una incidencia negativa del entorno debido al confinamiento por la pandemia COVID19

Comparison of Figulla Flex® and Amplatzer™ devices for atrial septal defect closure: A meta-analysis

Background: Atrial septal defect (ASD) is one of the most common congenital heart diseases. Percutaneousclosure is the preferred treatment, but certain complications remain a concern. The most common devices are AMPLATZER™ (ASO) (St. Jude Medical, St. Paul, MN, USA) and Figulla Flex® septal occluders (FSO) (Occlutech GmbH, Jena, Germany). The present study aimed to assess main differences in outcomes.Methods: A systematic search in Pubmed and Google scholarship was performed by two independent reviewers for any study comparing ASO and FSO. Searched terms were “Figulla”, “Amplatzer”, and “atrial septal defect”. A random-effects model was used.Results: A total of 11 studies including 1770 patients (897 ASO; 873 FSO) were gathered. Baseline clinical and echocardiographic characteristics were comparable although septal aneurysm was more often reported in patients treated with ASO (32% vs. 25%; p = 0.061). Success rate (94% vs. 95%; OR: 0.81; 95% CI: 0.38–1.71; p = 0.58) and peri-procedural complications were comparable. Procedures were shorter, requiring less fluoroscopy time with an FSO device (OR: 0.59; 95% CI: 0.20–0.97; p = 0.003). Although the global rate of complications in long-term was similar, the ASO device was associated with a higher rate of supraventricular arrhythmias (14.7% vs. 7.8%, p = 0.009).Conclusions: Percutaneous closure of ASD is a safe and effective, irrespective of the type of device. No differences exist regarding procedural success between the ASO and FSO devices but the last was associated to shorter procedure time, less radiation, and lower rate of supraventricular arrhythmias in follow-up. Late cardiac perforation did not occur and death in the follow-up was exceptional

Dynamics of Immune Reconstitution and Activation Markers in HIV+ Treatment-Naïve Patients Treated with Raltegravir, Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate and Emtricitabine

Background: The dynamics of CD4+ T cell reconstitution and changes in immune activation and inflammation in HIV-1 disease following initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) are incompletely defined and their underlying mechanisms poorly understood. Methods: Thirty-nine treatment-naïve patients were treated with raltegravir, tenofovir DF and emtricitabine. Immunologic and inflammatory indices were examined in persons with sustained virologic control during 48 weeks of therapy. Results: Initiation of ART increased CD4+ T cell numbers and decreased activation and cell cycle entry among CD4+ and CD8+ T cell subsets, and attenuated markers of coagulation (D-dimer levels) and inflammation (IL-6 and TNFr1). These indices decayed at different rates and almost all remained elevated above levels measured in HIV-seronegatives through 48 weeks of viral control. Greater first and second phase CD4+ T cell restoration was related to lower T cell activation and cell cycling at baseline, to their decay with treatment, and to baseline levels of selected inflammatory indices, but less so to their changes on therapy. Conclusions: ART initiation results in dynamic changes in viral replication, T cell restoration, and indices of immune activation, inflammation, and coagulation. These findings suggest that determinants of T cell activation/cycling and inflammation/coagulation may have distinguishable impact on immune homeostasis. Trial Registration Clinicaltrials.gov NCT0066097