A Qualitative Study

Background: Social media is frequently used by consumers and health care professionals; however, our knowledge about its use in a professional capacity by pharmacists is limited. Objective: Our aim was to investigate the professional use of social media by pharmacists. Methods: In-depth semistructured interviews were conducted with practicing pharmacists (N=31) from nine countries. Interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim, and thematically analyzed. Results: Wikipedia, YouTube, and Facebook were the main social media platforms used. Professional use of social media included networking with peers, discussion of health and professional topics, accessing and sharing health and professional information, job searching, and professional promotion. Wikipedia was the participants’ first choice when seeking information about unfamiliar topics, or topics that were difficult to search for. Very few pharmacy-related contributions to Wikipedia were reported. YouTube, a video-sharing platform, was used for self-education. University lectures, “how-to” footage, and professionally made videos were commonly watched. No professional contribution was made to YouTube. Facebook, a general social networking site, was used for professional networking, promotion of achievements, and job advertisements. It also afforded engagement in professional discussions and information sharing among peers. Conclusions: Participants used social media in a professional capacity, specifically for accessing and sharing health and professional information among peers. Pharmacists, as medicines experts, should take a leading role in contributing to health information dissemination in these user-friendly virtual environments, to reach not only other health care professionals but also health consumers. J Med Internet Res 2016;18(9):e258 doi:10.2196/jmir.570

Desenvolvimento e aplicação de reator de plasma frio na degradação do corante azul de metileno em meio aquoso

Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Físicas e Matemáticas. Programa de Pós-Graduação em QuímicaNa presente tese, um reator de plasma frio de descargas elétricas tipo ponta-plano foi construído. A emissão de radiação UV pela descarga de plasma foi dependente da tensão aplicada ao reator. Radicais (H, O, OH, etc.), assim como espécies atômicas (Ar*, Ar+, etc.) e moleculares (N2*, N2+, etc.) são formados no plasma quando Ar e ar atmosférico são utilizados. A degradação do AM em fase aquosa aumenta quando a potência elétrica aplicada ao reator aumenta, o pH inicial é próximo da neutralidade, a condutividade iônica é baixa, o gap de descarga é ajustado em 10 mm e é independente do fluxo de gás N2. A porcentagem inicial de degradação do corante aumenta com o aumento da temperatura da solução. A formação de peróxido de hidrogênio em água durante o tratamento por plasma diminuiu com o aumento da temperatura. A energia de ativação foi de 13,09 kJ mol-1 e para a destruição do H2O2 no reator foi de 9,30 kJ mol-1. Usando O2 como gás de alimentação, a pirita foi adicionada ao reator em meio ácido e resultou em um acentuado aumento da degradação do corante. O conteúdo de carbono orgânico total da solução de AM diminuiu acentuadamente com o tempo de tratamento por plasma na presença de pirita. Os bioensaios de toxicidade aguda usando o microcrustáceo Artemia sp. mostraram que a solução tratada por plasma frio não é tóxica quando Ar, O2 e O2-pirita são empregados. Por fim, as análises de espectrometria de massas com ionização por eletronspray indicaram que a degradação do corante ocorre via impacto de elétrons de alta energia gerados pelo plasma assim como por hidroxilação sucessiva nos anéis benzênicos das moléculas de corante

Mapping community pharmacy services in Brazil: a scoping review

The delivery of clinical pharmacy services has been growing in Brazilian community pharmacies, and it is necessary to have a comprehensive understanding of the topic. This scoping review aimed to provide an overview of Brazilian studies about clinical pharmacy services in community pharmacies. Original research articles, with no restriction of time, study design, or patients health condition, were included. Searches were conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Scielo, and Lilacs. Two reviewers conducted the screening, full-text reading, and data extraction independently. ROB and ROBINS-I were used for the assessment of quality. Charts and tables were built to summarise the data. Seventy-two articles were included. A diversity of study designs, number of participants, terms used, and outcomes was found. São Paulo and Sergipe States had the highest number of studies (n=10). Pharmacists interventions were not fully reported in 65% of studies, and most studies presented an unclear risk of bias. Studies were very diverse, impairing the comparisons between the results and hindering their reproducibility. This review suggests using guidelines and checklists for better structuration of pharmacists interventions as well as reporting results and measuring fidelity in future research. (c) 2022, Faculdade de Ciencias Farmaceuticas (Biblioteca). All rights reserved

Nitrogen fertilization of fall panicum cultivars (Panicum dichotomiflorum Michx.): biochemical and agronomical aspects

Information on improved fall panicum cultivars and agronomical pratices is scarce because of the relatively small importance of this crop in Brazil. The present study aimed to evaluate levels of nitrogen sidedressing on plant development and biochemical characteristics of two fall panicum cultivars. The experiment was set up under plastic tunnel conditions in Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil, with plants growing inside asbestos-cement boxes. The experimental design was a randomized block setup and treatments consisted of six levels of nitrogen fertilization (0, 40, 80, 120, 160, and 200 mg L-1) applied at the onset of tillering on two fall panicum cultivars (AL Mogi and AL Tibagi). The application of increasing levels of nitrogen to fall panicum plants increased chlorophyll content, total amino acids, plant dry matter nitrogen content, plant height, tillering and grain yield, and decreased plant dry matter sugar content. The cultivars had similar performances in relation to the evaluated variables, as a response to nitrogen sidedressing.São escassas as informações sobre cultivares melhoradas e técnicas culturais adequadas à cultura do painço. Este experimento objetivou avaliar o efeito da aplicação de níveis de nitrogênio (N) em cobertura no desenvolvimento e nos atributos bioquímicos de duas cultivares de painço. Para tanto, instalou-se um experimento em Botucatu (SP), em caixas de cimento amianto, mantidas em túnel plástico. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, em esquema fatorial 2x6, com dois cultivares de painço (AL Mogi e AL Tibagi) e seis níveis de adubação nitrogenada (0, 40, 80, 120, 160 e 200 mg L-1), aplicada em cobertura, no início do perfilhamento. Os dois cultivares utilizados tiveram comportamento semelhante em relação às variáveis avaliadas, em resposta à aplicação de N em cobertura. A aplicação de doses de N na cultura do painço proporcionou incrementos nos teores relativos de clorofila, aminoácidos totais, nitrogênio total e altura das plantas, e redução dos teores de açúcares na matéria seca, até o intervalo entre 120 e 160 mg de N L-1. O perfilhamento e produção de grãos tiveram aumento linear com a aplicação de N. A adubação nitrogenada não afetou a produção de matéria seca

Temporal evolution of roughness development on polymer surfaces exposed to non-thermal plasma

Brazilian agencies: CNPq and CAPES/PRINTUFSC, 2019Processes such as ablation, erosion and corrosion generally create roughness patterns on solid surfaces. Despite the randomness of this phenomenon, some patterns can be described mathematically by studying statistically the mechanisms behind them. This paper reports an experimental study on the temporal evolution of the roughness development of polymer surfaces exposed to argon non-thermal plasma under reduced pressure of 5 mbar and 65 W of applied power. The substrates studied were polypropylene, high density polyethylene, polyamide-6 and poly(ether ether)ketone. The mean roughness data as well as the saturation roughness values showed differences between polyolefin and polymers containing heteroatoms and notably the dependence of the etching on the packing density of the polymer chains. The plasma-etched surfaces were described statistically as self-affine surfaces using scaling law analysis, exhibiting roughness exponents of α ca.0.73 ± 0.2 and growth exponents of β ca. 1.0 ± 0.1. The roughness increases and decreases successively during treatment although presenting a general linear behavior in a non-monotonous way, as a function of time. The models for the shadowing and redistribution of active species can be complemented with the transient crosslinking model of the observed flattening stages.publishersversionpublishe

Phosphorus application effects on seeding chia

Chia (Salvia Hispanica L.) is an annual herbaceous plant belonging to the family Lamiaceae, with large proportions of omega-3, omega-6, antioxidants, fibers and proteins in its composition. Information and recommendations on its cultivation are still limited, as interest in the plant is recent. Thus, the objective of this work is to verify the effects of the application of phosphorus doses in the sowing of chia. The experiment was conducted under field conditions, at Fazenda da Universidade Estadual de Maringá, at the Umuarama Regional Campus. The soil of the place where the typical Dystrophic Red Latosol, with sandy texture experiment was implanted. The experimental design was a randomized block with five treatments and five replicates. The treatments were composed of five doses of phosphorus at sowing (0, 30, 60, 90, 120 kg ha-1). The dry mass of the aerial part, final population of plants, mass of 1,000 grains, productivity and oil content were evaluated. Phosphorus rates application at sowing provided positive increases in the vegetative and reproductive chia development

Produtividade e característica tecnológica de grãos em feijoeiro adubado com nitrogênio e molibdênio

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of nitrogen and molybdenum fertilization on the yield and technological characteristics of common bean. The experiment was carried out in a randomized blocks design, in a factorial outline of 4x2, constituted by nitrogen side-dressing levels (0, 30, 60 and 120 kg ha-1), with or without molybdenum leaf application (0 and 80 kg ha-1), with four replications. The Pérola cultivar was sowed in growing season, in no-tillage system. The nitrogen side-dressing and molybdenum application do not affect common bean yield, but influence the technological characteristic of the grains. The protein content, the coocking time, and time for maximum hydration increase with nitrogen side-dressing levels increment. The cocking time is high for nitrogen side-dressing with molybdenum use. The use of molybdenum promotes the maximum grain hydration in the minimum time.O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da adubação com nitrogênio e molibdênio, na produtividade e nas características tecnológicas dos grãos de feijão. O delineamento utilizado foi o de blocos ao acaso, em esquema fatorial 4x2, constituído por doses de nitrogênio em cobertura (0, 30, 60 e 120 kg ha-1), aliado à aplicação ou não de molibdênio por via foliar (0 e 80 g ha-1), com quatro repetições. A semeadura do feijão, cultivar Pérola, foi realizada em condições de sequeiro e no sistema de plantio direto. A adubação nitrogenada em cobertura e a molíbdica via foliar não influenciam a produtividade, mas interferem na característica tecnológica dos grãos de feijão. O teor de proteína bruta, o tempo de cozimento e o tempo para a máxima hidratação dos grãos aumentam com as doses de nitrogênio em cobertura. O tempo de cozimento é maior, à medida que há incremento de nitrogênio aplicado em cobertura, com uso de molibdênio via foliar. O uso de molibdênio via foliar proporciona o menor tempo para a máxima hidratação de grãos

Chlorophyll meter reading and total nitrogen content applied as topdressing in parts of the crambe plant

The present study was aimed to assess the relationship between the reading of the chlorophyll meter and the total nitrogen (N) content in the leaf in different parts of the crambe plant, depending on the doses of nitrogen applied to the canopy. Randomized block design in a split plot experimental design was used. The plots were composed by five levels of topdressing with nitrogen and the subplots composed of three parts of the plant. The analyzed variables were the values of the simple handheld devices to measure chlorophyll index (SPAD) and N content in the leaf. The nitrogen levels were found to influence the total chlorophyll and nitrogen contents, but there was no correlation between chlorophyll and N contents in the crambe. The middle third of the plant during early flowering was found to be the most suitable location for the analysis of foliar nitrogen in the crambe.Keywords: Nitrogen (N), chlorophyll meter, topdressin

Matéria seca e produção de grãos de Crotalaria juncea L. submetida à poda e adubação fosfatada

O estudo dos adubos verdes tem demonstrado um grande potencial na recuperação da produtividade do solo, e dentre as diversas leguminosas usadas como adubo verde, a Crotalária mostra-se muito eficiente como produtora de massa vegetal e como fixadora de nitrogênio. Este experimento foi realizado em um LATOSSOLO VERMELHO Distrófico (LVd), em Selvíria, MS, com o objetivo de avaliar os efeitos da adubação fosfatada e da poda em Crotalaria juncea L. na altura de 100 cm, na produtividade de matéria seca e sementes. O delineamento utilizado foi em blocos casualizados, em esquema fatorial 5x2 com quatro repetições. As cinco doses de P2O5 foram 0, 60, 120, 180 e 240 kg ha-1. A poda foi realizada aos 60 dias após a emergência de plântulas. Avaliaram-se quinzenalmente a altura de plantas, a cobertura vegetal, a quantidade de matéria verde e seca das plantas, o diâmetro do caule das plantas, o número de ramos de 10 plantas. A análise da qualidade fisiológica das sementes foi realizada: teste de germinação, envelhecimento acelerado, pureza física, massa de 1000 sementes. Com a poda e a adubação fosfatada, não foi alterada a produção de matéria seca nem a de grãos de Crotalaria juncea L., mas apenas a qualidade fisiológica das sementes.Green manure studies have shown a great potential for soil recuperation, the Crotalaria being a very efficient crop in producing residues and fixing nitrogen. This experiment was carried out on a Typic Hapludox, in Selvíria, MS, Brazil, with the objective of evaluating the effects of phosphate fertilization in relation to the pruning of Crotalaria juncea L., at the height of 100 cm, in order to obtain an increase of the production of dry matter and seeds. The used design consisted of randomized blocks, in a fatorial outline 5x2, with four replicates. The five P2O5 levels were 0, 60, 120, 180 and 240 kg ha-1. The pruning was performed 60 days after plants emerged. Forthnightly the height of plants, vegetative covering, green and dry matter weight plant quantity, diameter of the stem and the number of branches of 10 plants were evaluated. The analysis of the physiologic quality of the seeds was performed through a germination test, accelerated aging, physical purity, and weight of 1000 seeds. With pruning and phosphate fertilization, do not were modify and the dry matter and yield of Crotalaria juncea L. were not altered, but only the seed physiologic quality