The initial public offering of high-technology firms: female executive managers and innovation

This study addresses how gender diversity in management teams influences the success of the IPO of research-intensive firms, and how critical indicators of innovation capabilities for those types of firms can mediate the gender effect

Responsabilidad social en el sistema universitario español: compromisos de las universidades

Aportación a congresoEste trabajo, es fruto de la investigación desarrollada dentro del Programa de Estudios y Análisis del Ministerio de Educación de España, en el proyecto EA 2011-0027, un grupo de diecisiete investigadores, abogados, economistas, ingenieros y psicólogos, analizó el papel de la Responsabilidad Social en el Sistema Universitario Español (BENAVIDES y col. 2013). Se presenta el marco referencial en el que se desenvuelven las universidades españolas en relación con la denominada Responsabilidad Social Universitaria. Las universidades, tanto públicas como privadas, realizan numerosas acciones que pertenecen a diferentes dimensiones de la responsabilidad social y están conformando unas instituciones que se comprometen con la salud, sostenibilidad y solidaridad, tres ejes a lo largo de los cuales las universidades españolas, cada vez, de una forma más intensa desarrollan su dimensión social y responden a las necesidades y expectativas de sus grupos de interés.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Valuing research-intensive firms going public and gender diversity in management

This paper examine the influence of gender diversity in top management teams on the success of the IPO of research-based firms, and how critical indicators of innovation capabilities for those types of firms can mediate the gender effect. We conducted a longitudinal study of a sample of dedicated biotechnology firms that that completed an initial public offering (IPO) in the United States during 1983-2009. This study shows that female executive managers have a negative and significant effect on IPO success, although the effect of innovation capabilities attenuates and causes no significant influence of such type of demographic diversity in management teams.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Labour flexibility and productivity in the hotel sector

In this paper, we analyze the effect of labour flexibility on productivity in the Andalusian hotel industry using raw data of our own database and applying an expanded version of the standard production function by distinguishing between part-time, temporary, and full-time labour inputs. Our results show that productivity is lower the higher the percentage of temporary and part-time workers and there are no differences between the impacts on productivity of both types of labour contract. Future studies should analyze the differential impact of all the types of contracts discussed on the mean cost per employee in this sector.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Mujer directiva y salida a bolsa de empresas de alta tecnología: un estudio del mercado de valores estadounidense

Este trabajo examina la relación entre la presencia de la mujer en los equipos de alta dirección y el éxito de las empresas de alta tecnología en su salida a bolsa. Asimismo, analiza cómo indicadores específicos de capacidad de innovación pueden mediar dicha relación. Una investigación empírica de una muestra de empresas biotecnológicas que salieron a bolsa en el mercado de valores estadounidense, indica un efecto negativo y significativo de la proporción de mujeres en la dirección ejecutiva, aunque confirma la influencia positiva de los indicadores de innovación que además median y hacen no significativo el efecto de la diversidad de género.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Corporate social responsibility and total quality management: As an antecedent of hotel performance

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) and total quality management (TQM) are considered potential sources in order to obtain a sustainable competitive advantage. This paper examines how the implementation of both TQM and CSR influences the results of hotels’ stakeholders as an antecedent of business performance. An empirical study of Spanish hotels from the Andalusian region shows that the adoption of such approaches improves the capacity of hotels to create benefits for their stakeholders, and these results have a positive effect on hotel performance. The study also provides evidence of the complementarity of both management philosophies as TQM can enhance the development of CSR.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Total quality, social responsibility and gender in the hospitality industry

The purpose of this paper is to examine how the implementation of total quality management and corporate social responsibility influences the results of hotels’ stakeholders as an antecedent of business performance. This study investigates the role of gender diversity in top management team and its impact in the implementation of corporate social responsibility. An empirical study of a sample of 122 Spanish hotels from the Andalusian region shows that the adoption of such approaches improves the capacity of hotels to create benefits for their stakeholders, and these results have a positive effect on hotel performance. Our findings also provide evidence of the complementarity of both management philosophies as TQM can enhance the development of CSR. Finally, our research demonstrates that a higher gender diversity in top managements teams increases the level of implementation of corporate social responsibility within the hotel industry.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Robust estimation of bacterial cell count from optical density

Optical density (OD) is widely used to estimate the density of cells in liquid culture, but cannot be compared between instruments without a standardized calibration protocol and is challenging to relate to actual cell count. We address this with an interlaboratory study comparing three simple, low-cost, and highly accessible OD calibration protocols across 244 laboratories, applied to eight strains of constitutive GFP-expressing E. coli. Based on our results, we recommend calibrating OD to estimated cell count using serial dilution of silica microspheres, which produces highly precise calibration (95.5% of residuals <1.2-fold), is easily assessed for quality control, also assesses instrument effective linear range, and can be combined with fluorescence calibration to obtain units of Molecules of Equivalent Fluorescein (MEFL) per cell, allowing direct comparison and data fusion with flow cytometry measurements: in our study, fluorescence per cell measurements showed only a 1.07-fold mean difference between plate reader and flow cytometry data

Why Are Outcomes Different for Registry Patients Enrolled Prospectively and Retrospectively? Insights from the Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD-Atrial Fibrillation (GARFIELD-AF).

Background: Retrospective and prospective observational studies are designed to reflect real-world evidence on clinical practice, but can yield conflicting results. The GARFIELD-AF Registry includes both methods of enrolment and allows analysis of differences in patient characteristics and outcomes that may result. Methods and Results: Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and ≥1 risk factor for stroke at diagnosis of AF were recruited either retrospectively (n = 5069) or prospectively (n = 5501) from 19 countries and then followed prospectively. The retrospectively enrolled cohort comprised patients with established AF (for a least 6, and up to 24 months before enrolment), who were identified retrospectively (and baseline and partial follow-up data were collected from the emedical records) and then followed prospectively between 0-18 months (such that the total time of follow-up was 24 months; data collection Dec-2009 and Oct-2010). In the prospectively enrolled cohort, patients with newly diagnosed AF (≤6 weeks after diagnosis) were recruited between Mar-2010 and Oct-2011 and were followed for 24 months after enrolment. Differences between the cohorts were observed in clinical characteristics, including type of AF, stroke prevention strategies, and event rates. More patients in the retrospectively identified cohort received vitamin K antagonists (62.1% vs. 53.2%) and fewer received non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants (1.8% vs . 4.2%). All-cause mortality rates per 100 person-years during the prospective follow-up (starting the first study visit up to 1 year) were significantly lower in the retrospective than prospectively identified cohort (3.04 [95% CI 2.51 to 3.67] vs . 4.05 [95% CI 3.53 to 4.63]; p = 0.016). Conclusions: Interpretations of data from registries that aim to evaluate the characteristics and outcomes of patients with AF must take account of differences in registry design and the impact of recall bias and survivorship bias that is incurred with retrospective enrolment. Clinical Trial Registration: - URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier for GARFIELD-AF (NCT01090362)

Risk profiles and one-year outcomes of patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation in India: Insights from the GARFIELD-AF Registry.

BACKGROUND: The Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD-Atrial Fibrillation (GARFIELD-AF) is an ongoing prospective noninterventional registry, which is providing important information on the baseline characteristics, treatment patterns, and 1-year outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). This report describes data from Indian patients recruited in this registry. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 52,014 patients with newly diagnosed AF were enrolled globally; of these, 1388 patients were recruited from 26 sites within India (2012-2016). In India, the mean age was 65.8 years at diagnosis of NVAF. Hypertension was the most prevalent risk factor for AF, present in 68.5% of patients from India and in 76.3% of patients globally (P < 0.001). Diabetes and coronary artery disease (CAD) were prevalent in 36.2% and 28.1% of patients as compared with global prevalence of 22.2% and 21.6%, respectively (P < 0.001 for both). Antiplatelet therapy was the most common antithrombotic treatment in India. With increasing stroke risk, however, patients were more likely to receive oral anticoagulant therapy [mainly vitamin K antagonist (VKA)], but average international normalized ratio (INR) was lower among Indian patients [median INR value 1.6 (interquartile range {IQR}: 1.3-2.3) versus 2.3 (IQR 1.8-2.8) (P < 0.001)]. Compared with other countries, patients from India had markedly higher rates of all-cause mortality [7.68 per 100 person-years (95% confidence interval 6.32-9.35) vs 4.34 (4.16-4.53), P < 0.0001], while rates of stroke/systemic embolism and major bleeding were lower after 1 year of follow-up. CONCLUSION: Compared to previously published registries from India, the GARFIELD-AF registry describes clinical profiles and outcomes in Indian patients with AF of a different etiology. The registry data show that compared to the rest of the world, Indian AF patients are younger in age and have more diabetes and CAD. Patients with a higher stroke risk are more likely to receive anticoagulation therapy with VKA but are underdosed compared with the global average in the GARFIELD-AF. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION-URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01090362