ALGORITMA MD5 DAN RC5 UNTUK PENGAMANAN FILE PDF

Electronic documents are digital file types used to store the important data or information of a person or an institution. There are some of the most widely used document file formats that are. docx,. xlsx,. pptx, and. pdf. Issues that arise when a company, institution or organization that has confidential documents and important data in the form of document files can be accessed by persons or parties who have no authority. A document security solution can use cryptographic onsep. The document file types that can be encrypted are restricted to the Portable Document Format (. pdf) file. In this research is done lock security user input using the algorithm Message Digest 5 (MD5) and binary value multiplier in PDF files using Rivest Code algorithm (RC5). The test results using (i) the same key on a different PDF file indicate that the resulting binary chiperfile is different from the derived binary Plainfile, (ii) the key length of 1 to 8 characters on the same PDF file indicates that binary The chiperfile generated each key length differs from the binary plainfile taken, (iii) a change of 1 character at the beginning, in the middle, and at the end of the input key indicates that the method used is sensitive to the character changes on the key Input. It is known from the level of similarity of binary chiperfile and small/low binary plainfile based on the value of the collation generated per test is (i) 0.205795252, (ii) 0.24692765, (iii) 0.22421886.Dokumen elektronik  adalah jenis berkas digital yang digunakan untuk menyimpan data atau informasi penting seseorang atau suatu lembaga. Terdapat beberapa format file dokumen yang paling banyak digunakan yaitu .docx, .xlsx, .pptx, dan .pdf. Masalah yang muncul ketika suatu perusahaan, institusi atau organisasi yang mempunyai dokumen-dokumen rahasia dan data-data yang penting berupa file dokumen bisa diakses oleh orang atau pihak yang tidak memiliki wewenang. Solusi pengamanan dokumen dapat menggunakan konsep kriptografi. Jenis file dokumen yang dapat dienkripsi dibatasi pada file Portable Document Format(.pdf). Pada penelitian ini dilakukan pengamanan kunci inputan user menggunakan algoritma Message Digest 5 (MD5) dan pengacakan nilai binary pada file pdf menggunakan algoritma Rivest Code (RC5). Hasil pengujian menggunakan (i) kunci yang sama pada file pdf yang berbeda menunjukkan bahwa binary chiperfile yang dihasilkan berbeda dengan binary plainfile yang diambil.Hal ini diketahui dari tingkat kesamaan binary chiperfile dan binary plainfile yang kecil/rendah berdasar pada nilai kolerasi yang dihasilkan tiap pengujian adalah (i) 0,205795252, (ii) 0,24692765, (iii) 0,22421886

Global Post-Fordism and Concepts of the State

Article originally published in the International Journal of Sociology of Agriculture and FoodFollowing a review of the literature on the State and some of the basic features of global post-Fordism, it is maintained that global post-Fordism can be synthesized through a set of four dialectical relationships: deregulation/re-regulation, fragmentation/coordination, mobility/embeddedness and empowerment/disempowerment. Moreover, it is argued that: 1) the State in global post-Fordism cannot be thought of exclusively in national terms; 2) its re-conceptualization must entail a transnational dimension; 3) the State cannot be conceptualized exclusively in terms of formal public appearances, agents and agencies; and 4) non-public apparatuses, agents and agencies must be included in the analysis.Sociolog

On the nature of the (de)coupling of the magnetostructural transition in Er5_5Si4_4

In this report, a successful thermodynamical model was employed to understand the structural transition in Er$_5$Si$_4$, able to explain the decoupling of the magnetic and structural transition. This was achieved by the DFT calculations which were used to determine the energy differences at 0 K, using a LSDA+U approximation. It was found that the M structure as the stable phase at low temperatures as verified experimentally with a $\Delta F_0 = -$0.262 eV. Finally, it was achieved a variation of Seebeck coefficient ($\sim$ 6 $\mu$V) at the structural transition which allow to conclude that the electronic entropy variation is negligible in the transition.Comment: 17 pages, 3 figures, 1 tabl

Intrahippocampal infusion of crotamine isolated from Crotalus durissus terrificus alters plasma and brain biochemical parameters

CAPES - COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIORFAPERGS - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO A PESQUISA DO ESTADO DO RIO GRANDE DO SULCrotamine is one of the main constituents of the venom of the South American rattlesnake Crotalus durissus terrificus. Here we sought to investigate the inflammatory and toxicological effects induced by the intrahippocampal administration of crotamine isolated from Crotalus whole venom. Adult rats received an intrahippocampal infusion of crotamine or vehicle and were euthanized 24 h or 21 days after infusion. Plasma and brain tissue were collected for biochemical analysis. Complete blood count, creatinine, urea, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT), creatine-kinase (CK), creatine kinase-muscle B (CK-MB) and oxidative parameters (assessed by DNA damage and micronucleus frequency in leukocytes, lipid peroxidation and protein carbonyls in plasma and brain) were quantified. Unpaired and paired t-tests were used for comparisons between saline and crotamine groups, and within groups (24 h vs. 21 days), respectively. After 24 h crotamine infusion promoted an increase of urea, GOT, GPT, CK, and platelets values (p ≤ 0.01), while red blood cells, hematocrit and leukocytes values decreased (p ≤ 0.01). Additionally, 21 days after infusion crotamine group showed increased creatinine, leukocytes, TBARS (plasma and brain), carbonyl (plasma and brain) and micronucleus compared to the saline-group (p ≤ 0.01). Our findings show that crotamine infusion alter hematological parameters and cardiac markers, as well as oxidative parameters, not only in the brain, but also in the blood, indicating a systemic pro-inflammatory and toxicological activity. A further scientific attempt in terms of preserving the beneficial activity over toxicity is required.Crotamine is one of the main constituents of the venom of the South American rattlesnake Crotalus durissus terrificus. Here we sought to investigate the inflammatory and toxicological effects induced by the intrahippocampal administration of crotamine isolated from Crotalus whole venom. Adult rats received an intrahippocampal infusion of crotamine or vehicle and were euthanized 24 h or 21 days after infusion. Plasma and brain tissue were collected for biochemical analysis. Complete blood count, creatinine, urea, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT), creatine-kinase (CK), creatine kinase-muscle B (CK-MB) and oxidative parameters (assessed by DNA damage and micronucleus frequency in leukocytes, lipid peroxidation and protein carbonyls in plasma and brain) were quantified. Unpaired and paired t-tests were used for comparisons between saline and crotamine groups, and within groups (24 h vs. 21 days), respectively. After 24 h crotamine infusion promoted an increase of urea, GOT, GPT, CK, and platelets values (p ≤ 0.01), while red blood cells, hematocrit and leukocytes values decreased (p ≤ 0.01). Additionally, 21 days after infusion crotamine group showed increased creatinine, leukocytes, TBARS (plasma and brain), carbonyl (plasma and brain) and micronucleus compared to the saline-group (p ≤ 0.01). Our findings show that crotamine infusion alter hematological parameters and cardiac markers, as well as oxidative parameters, not only in the brain, but also in the blood, indicating a systemic pro-inflammatory and toxicological activity. A further scientific attempt in terms of preserving the beneficial activity over toxicity is required11111143811449CAPES - COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIORFAPERGS - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO A PESQUISA DO ESTADO DO RIO GRANDE DO SULCAPES - COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIORFAPERGS - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO A PESQUISA DO ESTADO DO RIO GRANDE DO SULsem informaçãosem informaçã

The impact of genetic groups (Alentejano and F1 Landrace x Large White pigs) and body weight (90, 120 and 160kg) on blood metabolites

Áreas de pesquisa: AgricultureThis research work was carried out with the goal of studying the impact of genetic groups-GG (Alentejano-AL, n = 30, and F1 Landrace*Large White-F1 pigs, n = 30) and body weight-BW (90, 120 and 160 kg) on plasma metabolites. Blood parameters were correlated with animal production traits, carcass measurements and meat quality. Individual records for feed conversion index (CI) and daily feed intake were recorded on a weekly basis, for a period of 15 weeks. Compared to the F1, AL pigs displayed (P <0.05) higher average levels of glucose, total cholesterol-TC, triglycerides-TG, HDL-cholesterol (HDL), LDL-cholesterol (LDL) and total protein (TP), by about 14.0, 21.0, 42.2, 18.2, 21.2 and 5.0%, respectively. AL pigs (120–160 kg) showed higher TG levels, when compared to the values at 90 kg (2.6 and 1.6 times higher). High TG levels occurred when animals exhibited high daily feed intake (0.450 and 1.810 kg, for AL and F1 pigs). In the AL high TG levels were correlated with high fat deposition, at 120 kg (r = 0.51). At 90 kg, however, high fat deposition was related to HDL (r = 0.59), a lipoprotein associated to cholesterol transport. A progressive increase in ALB was found in the F1, as expected, but AL pigs showed higher and similar ALB means at 90, 120 and 160 kg. As for meat color, AL pigs with high cholesterol were negatively associated to L*, while high TG levels were associated to low b*. Animals with high ALB produced more tender meats (low shear force). Pigs with higher levels of lipid metabolism showed Longissimus thoracis muscles with decreased luminosity and yellowness (meats of a less attractive appearance). However, these meats were tenderer.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Terapia de ressincronizaçao cardíaca após implante por cateter de bioprótese valvar aórtica

O tratamento da estenose aórtica com implante por cateter de bioprótese valvar aórtica é sabidamente eficaz. Contudo, os distúrbios de conduçao sao complicaçoes frequentes e associam-se a elevada taxa de implante de marcapasso definitivo. Questoes referentes ao melhor modo de estimulaçao, ao papel do cardiodesfibrilador na profilaxia de morte súbita e ao prognóstico ainda nao apresentam consenso. Relata-se, portanto, um caso de paciente que, após o implante valvar, evoluiu com bloqueio completo de ramo esquerdo agudo e bradiarritmia, insuficiência cardíaca refratária ao tratamento medicamentoso, com fraçao de ejeçao gravemente comprometida e intolerância ao betabloqueador por bradiarritmia. Optou-se, entao, pela terapia de ressincronizaçao ao invés do marcapasso convencional, com boa resposta clínica. A associaçao com cardiodesfibrilador foi descartada para profilaxia de morte súbita após o estudo eletrofisiológico, o qual nao evidenciou instabilidade elétrica ventricular

Phase Competitions behind the Giant Magnetic Entropy Variation: Gd5Si2Ge2 and Tb5Si2Ge2 Case Studies

Magnetic materials with strong spin-lattice coupling are a powerful set of candidates for multifunctional applications because of their multiferroic, magnetocaloric (MCE), magnetostrictive and magnetoresistive effects. In these materials there is a strong competition between two states (where a state comprises an atomic and an associated magnetic structure) that leads to the occurrence of phase transitions under subtle variations of external parameters, such as temperature, magnetic field and hydrostatic pressure. In this review a general method combining detailed magnetic measurements/analysis and first principles calculations with the purpose of estimating the phase transition temperature is presented with the help of two examples (Gd5Si2Ge2 and Tb5Si2Ge2). It is demonstrated that such method is an important tool for a deeper understanding of the (de)coupled nature of each phase transition in the materials belonging to the R5(Si,Ge)4 family and most possibly can be applied to other systems. The exotic Griffiths-like phase in the framework of the R5(SixGe1-x)4 compounds is reviewed and its generalization as a requisite for strong phase competitions systems that present large magneto-responsive properties is proposed

Radioterapia em paciente com neoplasia pulmonar e marcapasso ipsilateral

Durante anos, o tratamento com radioterapia de portadores de dispositivos eletrônicos implantáveis foi considerado perigoso. Se a zona a ser irradiada envolvesse o lado em que o dispositivo estivesse localizado, a estratégia envolvia inclusive mudanças no local do implante. Passaram-se os anos e tanto os dispositivos como a radioterapia evoluíram, e o que antes era regra para a segurança do binômio marcapasso-radioterapia hoje pode ser exceçao. Relatamos o caso de um paciente portador de neoplasia maligna de lobo superior de pulmao direito, em posiçao ipsilateral ao marcapasso implantado previamente

Gray Matter Volumes in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Before and After Fluoxetine or Cognitive-Behavior Therapy: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Serotonin reuptake inhibitors and cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT) are considered first-line treatments for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). However, little is known about their modulatory effects on regional brain morphology in OCD patients. We sought to document structural brain abnormalities in treatment-naive OCD patients and to determine the effects of pharmacological and cognitive-behavioral treatments on regional brain volumes. Treatment-naive patients with OCD (n = 38) underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging scan before and after a 12-week randomized clinical trial with either fluoxetine or group CBT. Matched-healthy controls (n = 36) were also scanned at baseline. Voxel-based morphometry was used to compare regional gray matter (GM) volumes of regions of interest (ROIs) placed in the orbitofrontal, anterior cingulate and temporolimbic cortices, striatum, and thalamus. Treatment-naive OCD patients presented smaller GM volume in the left putamen, bilateral medial orbitofrontal, and left anterior cingulate cortices than did controls (p<0.05, corrected for multiple comparisons). After treatment with either fluoxetine or CBT (n = 26), GM volume abnormalities in the left putamen were no longer detectable relative to controls. ROI-based within-group comparisons revealed that GM volume in the left putamen significantly increased (p<0.012) in fluoxetine-treated patients (n = 13), whereas no significant GM volume changes were observed in CBT-treated patients (n = 13). This study supports the involvement of orbitofronto/cingulo-striatal loops in the pathophysiology of OCD and suggests that fluoxetine and CBT may have distinct neurobiological mechanisms of action. Neuropsychopharmacology (2012) 37, 734-745; doi: 10.1038/npp.2011.250; published online 26 October 2011Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)MedtronicEli LillyMcNeilCyberonicsNIMHNARSADTSAOCFTufts UniversityMGH Psychiatry AcademyBrainCellsSystems Research and Applications CorporationBoston UniversityCatalan Agency for Health Technology Assessment and ResearchNational Association of Social Workers MassachusettsMassachusetts Medical SocietyNIDAGerman Research Foundation/Federal Ministry for Education and ResearchOxford University PressNIHNIAAHRQJanssen PharmaceuticalsForest Research InstituteShire DevelopmentNorthstarJanssenAstraZenecaLundbeckSolvayUniv São Paulo, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, São Paulo, BrazilUniv São Paulo, Sch Med, Inst Psychiat, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo UNIFESP, Dept Psychiat, Interdisciplinary Lab Clin Neurosci LiNC, São Paulo, BrazilHarvard Univ, Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Boston, MA USAUniversidade Federal de São Paulo UNIFESP, Dept Psychiat, Interdisciplinary Lab Clin Neurosci LiNC, São Paulo, BrazilFAPESP: 2005/55628-8FAPESP: 06/61459-7FAPESP: 06/50273-0FAPESP: 2008/10257-0FAPESP: 06/58286-3FAPESP: 2005/04206-6CAPES: 4375/08-4Web of Scienc

Phosphorus recovery from wastewater and sludge

Wastewater and sludge are potential resource of phosphorus (P) for fertilizer production. One method of recovering phosphorus is via chemical precipitation. In the study, phosphorus was recovered from wastewater and sludge. First, hydrolysis was carried out to release the phosphorus in the sludge by the addition of 1.0M acid (sulfuric acid) or base (sodium hydroxide) solution mixed for three hours at 200 rpm. The hydrolyzed sludge was filtered, and the pH of the solution was adjusted to 9.0. Precipitation for both wastewater and hydrolyzed sludge solution was carried out using magnesium chloride hexahydrate (MgCl2•6H2O) and ammonium chloride (NH4Cl). The mixture was stirred for an hour for crystallization. Precipitates were allowed to settle for 24 hours before it was filtered and dried in an oven at 55-58oC for 24 hours. The dried sample was grinded and characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), x-ray fluorenscence (XRF), and scanning electron microscope with energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy(SEM-EDX)