The Problems of Violence in Adolescents. Inability of the parents to transmit values?

És una realitat innegable que cada vegada apareix més informació als mitjans de comunicació i a la producció científica que ens adverteix que hi ha un increment de violència i de manca de valors entre els joves, sense aconseguir entendre què passa amb aquests joves o, si bé, ens trobem davant d’una generació de mares i pares incompetents per a educar en una societat titllada de deshumanitzada, tecnològica i global. Per això, l’objectiu d’aquest article és partir d’interrogants i cercar explicacions en estudis de l’espectre científic sobre el grau o tipus d’influència que exerceixen els progenitors, des dels seus estils educatius, en el desenvolupament prosocial versus antisocial de la seva progènie, contemplant variables biològiques, psicològiques i educatives que puguin donar-nos noves respostes.Es una realidad innegable que cada vez aparece más información en los medios de comunicación y en la producción científica que nos advierte de un incremento de la violencia y de falta de valores entre los jóvenes, sin lograr comprender qué sucede con ellos o, si bien, estamos ante una generación de madres y padres incompetentes para educar en una sociedad tildada de deshumanizada, tecnológica y global. Por ello, el objetivo de este artículo es partir de interrogantes y buscar explicaciones en estudios del espectro científico acerca del grado o tipo de influencia que ejercen los progenitores, desde sus estilos educativos, en el desarrollo prosocial versus antisocial de su progenie, contemplando variables biológicas, psicológicas y educativas que puedan darnos nuevas respuestas.It is an undeniable fact that there is an increasing amount of information in the media and in scientific publications warning of a rise in levels of violence and an absence of values among young people, accompanied by a lack of understanding of what is happening with these youngsters or whether we dealing with a generation of parents who are incapable of bringing up their children in a society that can be described as dehumanized, technological and global. In light of this, the aim of this arti cle is to seek explanations, on the basis of pertinent questions, in a wide range of scientific studies about the kind and amount of influence exercised by parents through their styles of parenting in the prosocial rather than antisocial development of their children, taking into consideration a range of biological, psychology and educational variables that may provide us with new ways of responding

Evaluating the creative potencial of digital storytelling APPs for Primary Education

This study evaluates the creative potential of different apps (N=20) oriented to the de-sign of digital storytelling (DST), directed to users from 6 to 12 years, using the CREAPP K6-12 instrument, made of 48 indicators related to the 5 dimensions of creativity: flexibility, originality, fluency, product elaboration and problem solving, co-edition and dissemination. After adopting descriptive and multivariate statistical techniques, the results show that 76.6% of these apps have great flexibility, 73.4% favor originality, 72.4% present resources and function-alities endowing them with great fluidity, 68.3% encourage the creation of creative products, 56.5% promote the resolution of problems, yet only 36.3% prevail the co-edition and dissemination of stories in networks. The correlations show that the most flexible app stimulates originality and fluency, propitiates problem solving and promotes the elaboration of creative products. The index of creative potentiality of the apps is calculated, establishing a competitiveness ranking, which offers keys to the Primary teachers to elaborate didactic proposals that promote creativity through the design of DST

XIII Simposio Hispano-Portugués de Relaciones Hídricas en las Plantas

The effect of water stress on grape berry ripening and quality has been extensively investigated during the last decades (Chaves et al., 2010; Lovisolo et al., 2010; Kuhn et al., 2013, Zarrouk et al., 2016). Overall, berry quality benefits from mild to moderate water deficit and the conventional wisdom says that the observed positive effects of water deficits are due to low yield and small berries. But more recently water deficit was shown to profoundly alter berry secondary metabolism, particularly of flavonoids, thus greatly regulating the ripening process. The regulation of genes and proteins of the various metabolic pathways is either the consequence of a direct effect of water shortage and/or indirect via the changing of the light environment around grape clusters due to the impairment of vine vegetative growth. The matter is far from being conclusively addressed and two major causes can be highlighted: the experimental set-ups adopted in the majority of experiments, namely the water stress timing and conditions (pre- or post-véraison water stress); and the diversity of varieties (Zarrouk et al., 2016). Grape berries are non-climacteric fruits wherein abscisic acid (ABA) is central to the ripening process. The differential increase of anthocyanin compounds in berries under pre- or post-véraison deficit irrigation is primarily attributed to large differences in abscisic acid (ABA) sensitivity displayed by different varieties as a consequence of large differences in the ability to regulate water losses through chemical (i.e. ABA) signaling. Grape berries thus represent a unique situation in which abiotic stress and developmental signaling intersect via the activities of ABA. In addition, climate condition, namely high temperature along the growing season is considered a putative constraint to the implementation and success of the deficit irrigation regime. Also the interaction elevated temperature – water deficit is considered as the main cause of complexity of field experiments results namely in what concerns the ripening of wine grapes. During the last ten years, our investigation aimed to comprehend the impact of water stress and heat stress on grape berry ripening, skin secondary metabolism as well as cuticle properties. We have investigated ABA-mediated cross talk between abiotic stress and ripening as it relates to flavonoid biosynthesis in the grape berry skin. We show that the mild XIII Simposio Hispano-Portugués de Relaciones Hídricas en las Plantas: Pamplona 18-20 Octubre 2016 7 stress imposed by deficit irrigation have a positive impact on berry composition only when high temperature is not a limiting factor. We also show that the biological function of ABA is under berry developmental control and does not correlate with vine water status or berry temperature until a certain water stress threshold. It also appears that ABA catabolism/conjugation processes are implicated in the ripening process and in water and heat stresses responses. In addition, our most recent results in cuticle indicate that water and heat stresses increase berry wax accumulation across berry development, affecting cuticle morphology, composition and transpiration. The recent data related to metabolic changes and hormonal control of grape berry ripening as well as berry cuticle properties under deficit irrigation will be discussed and limitations in the interpretation of results will be identified

Effects of nitrogen source and water availability on stem carbohydrates and cellulosic bioethanol traits of alfalfa plants

35 Pags., 5 Tabls., 4 Figs. The definitive version is available at: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01689452Symbiotic association of legumes with rhizobia frequently results in higher photosynthesis and soluble carbohydrates in comparison with nitrate-fed plants, which might improve its potential for biomass conversion into bioethanol. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to examine the effects of nitrogen source and water availability on stem characteristics and on relationships between carbohydrates, phenolic metabolism activity and cell wall composition in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L. cv. Aragón). The experiment included three treatments: (1) plants fed with ammonium nitrate (AN); (2) plants inoculated with rhizobia (R); and (3) plants inoculated with rhizobia and amended with sewage sludge (RS). Two levels of irrigation were imposed: (1) well-watered and (2) drought stress. Under well-watered conditions, nitrogen-fixing plants have increased photosynthesis and stem fermentable carbohydrate concentrations, which result in higher potential for biomass conversion to bioethanol than in AN plants. The latter had higher lignin due to enhanced activities of phenolic metabolism-related enzymes. Under drought conditions, the potential for bioethanol conversion decreased to a similar level in all treatments. Drought-stressed nitrogen-fixing plants have high concentrations of fermentable carbohydrates and cell wall cellulose, but ammonium nitrate-fed plants produced higher plant and stem biomass, which might compensate the decreasing stem carbohydrates and cellulose concentrations.This project was supported by Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MCINN BFU2011-26989 and AGL2008-00283) of Spain and the Obra Social “La Caixa”-Gobierno de Aragón (GA-LC-0007/2010). M.L. Fiasconaro was the recipient of a grant from Asociación de Amigos de la Universidad de Navarra.Peer reviewe

Aminoacids and flavonoids profiling in tempranillo berries can be modulated by the arbuscular mychorrhizal fungi

(1) Background: Vitis vinifera L. cv. Tempranillo is cultivated over the world for its wine of high quality. The association of Tempranillo with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) induced the accumulation of phenolics and carotenoids in leaves, affected the metabolism of abscisic acid (ABA) during berry ripening, and modulated some characteristics and quality aspects of grapes. The objective of this study was to elucidate if AMF influenced the profiles and the content of primary and secondary metabolites determinants for berry quality in Tempranillo. (2) Methods: Fruit-bearing cuttings inoculated with AMF or uninoculated were cultivated under controlled conditions. (3) Results: Mycorrhizal symbiosis modified the profile of metabolites in Tempranillo berries, especially those of the primary compounds. The levels of glucose and amino acids clearly increased in berries of mycorrhized Tempranillo grapevines, including those of the aromatic precursor amino acids. However, mycorrhizal inoculation barely influenced the total amount and the profiles of anthocyanins and flavonols in berries. (4) Conclusions: Mycorrhizal inoculation of Tempranillo grapevines may be an alternative to the exogenous application of nitrogen compounds in order to enhance the contents of amino acids in grapes, which may affect the aromatic characteristics of wines

New records in vascular plants alien to the Balearic Islands

This paper deals with 67 taxa, 25 of which are new to the Balearic Islands flora: Agave fourcroydes, Amaranthus emarginatus, Asparagus aethiopicus, Bidens pilosa, Cardiospermum grandiflorum, C. halicacabum, Cotyledon orbiculata, Eschscholzia californica, Freesia leichtlinii subsp. alba, Gomphocarpus physocarpus, Gossypium hirsutum, Hedera hibernica, H. maroccana, Lathyrus odoratus, L. sativus, Lycianthes rantonnetii, Malephora uitenhagensis, Opuntia engelmannii subsp. lindheimeri, Osteospermum ecklonis, Phytolacca icosandra (new for Europe), Vitis × koberi, V. × ruggeri, V. rupestris, Washingtonia robusta and Yucca gigantea. Moreover several taxa are novelties for the flora of certain islands. Keywords: Non-native plants; Balearic Islands; naturalization; range expansionAquest article inclou dades per a 67 tàxons, 25 dels quals són nous per a la flora de les Illes Balears: Agave fourcroydes, Amaranthus emarginatus, Asparagus aethiopicus, Bidens pilosa, Cardiospermum grandiflorum, C. halicacabum, Cotyledon orbiculata, Eschscholzia californica, Freesia leichtlinii subsp. alba, Gomphocarpus physocarpus, Gossypium hirsutum, Hedera hibernica, H. maroccana, Lathyrus odoratus, L. sativus, Lycianthes rantonnetii, Malephora uitenhagensis, Opuntia engelmannii subsp. lindheimeri, Osteospermum ecklonis, Phytolacca icosandra (primera citació per a Europa), Vitis × koberi, V. × ruggeri, V. rupestris, Washingtonia robusta i Yucca gigantea. A més, diversos tàxons suposen novetats per a la flora d'algunes illes de l'arxipèlag.Este artículo incluye datos para 67 taxones, 25 de los cuales suponen novedad para la flora de las Islas Baleares: Agave fourcroydes, Amaranthus emarginatus, Asparagus aethiopicus, Bidens pilosa, Cardiospermum grandiflorum, C. halicacabum, Cotyledon orbiculata, Eschscholzia californica, Freesia leichtlinii subsp. alba, Gomphocarpus physocarpus, Gossypium hirsutum, Hedera hibernica, H. maroccana, Lathyrus odoratus, L. sativus, Lycianthes rantonnetii, Malephora uitenhagensis, Opuntia engelmannii subsp. lindheimeri, Osteospermum ecklonis, Phytolacca icosandra (primera cita para Europa), Vitis × koberi, V. × ruggeri, V. rupestris, Washingtonia robusta y Yucca gigantea. Por otro lado, diversos taxones suponen novedades para la flora de algunas islas del archipiélago

Miositis calcificante: estudio antropométrico y paleopatológico de tres casos

X Congreso Nacional de Paleopatología. Univesidad Autónoma de Madrid, septiembre de 200

Neurorrestauración tras la isquemia cerebral: papel de los neurotransmisores en la neurogénesis postisquémica

Introduction. Brain ischemia and reperfusion produce alterations in the microenvironment of the parenchyma, including ATP depletion, ionic homeostasis alterations, inflammation, release of multiple cytokines and abnormal release of neurotransmitters. As a consequence, the induction of proliferation and migration of neural stem cells towards the peri-infarct region occurs. Development. The success of new neurorestorative treatments for damaged brain implies the need to know, with greater accuracy, the mechanisms in charge of regulating adult neurogenesis, both under physiological and pathological conditions. Recent evidence demonstrates that many neurotransmitters, glutamate in particular, control the subventricular zone, thus being part of the complex signalling network that influences the production of new neurons. Conclusion. Neurotransmitters provide a link between brain activity and subventricular zone neurogenesis. Therefore, a deeper knowledge of the role of neurotransmitters systems, such as glutamate and its transporters, in adult neurogenesis, may provide a valuable tool to be used as a neurorestorative therapy in this pathology.Peer Reviewe

Tendinopatía de una clavícula: estudio anatómico y paleopatológico

X Congreso Nacional de Paleopatología. Univesidad Autónoma de Madrid, septiembre de 200