Use of Vitamin C for premedication prior to medetomidine–ketamine anesthesia in New Zealand white rabbits

This study aimed to investigate the effects of premedication with ascorbic acid (vitamin C) on physiologic parameters before medetomidine–ketamine anesthesia in New Zealand white rabbits. A total of 14 rabbits of both sexes, 1-4 months of age and 2-4 kg in body weight, were used in this study. The rabbits were randomly assigned one of two groups: medetomidine–ketamine (MK) or ascorbic acid–medetomidine–ketamine (AAMK). The rabbits in the MK group were given 0.25 mg/kg of medetomidine and 15 mg/kg of ketamine intramuscularly. The rabbits in the AAMK group were given 60 mg/kg of vitamin C intramuscularly 20 min prior to the same dose of medetomidine–ketamine anesthesia. The onset of anesthesia, time of surgical anesthesia, and total anesthesia time in the two groups was recorded. Heart rate, respiratory rate, and body temperature were also recorded at 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 45 and 60 minutes during anesthesia. Physiologic parameters were not statistically different between the two groups. Pretreatment with vitamin C prior to medetomidine–ketamine anesthesia decreased the duration of onset of anesthesia. As a result, it was concluded that vitamin C can be used prior to anesthesia to accelerate the effect of medetomidine–ketamine in rabbits.Bu çalışmada, beyaz Yeni Zelanda tavşanlarında medetomidin – ketamin anestezisi öncesi preanestezik olarak uygulanan askorbik asitin (vitamin C=vit ) fizyolojik parametreler üzerine etkisinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Her iki cinsiyette 1-4 aylık ve 2-4 kg vücut ağırlığında sahip toplam 14 tavşan bu çalışma için kullanıldı. Tavşanlar rastgele iki gruba ayrıldı; medetomidin – ketamin (MK) ya da askorbik asit – medetomidin – ketamin (AAMK). MK grubundaki tavşanlara 0.25 mg/kg medetomidin ve 15 mg/kg ketamin intramuscular olarak uygulandı. AAMK grubundaki tavşanlara aynı dozdaki medetomidin-ketamin anestezisinden 20 dk önce 60 mg/kg oranında kas içi C vitamini verildi. İki grupta anestezi başlangıç zamanı, cerrahi anestezi süresi ve total anestezi zamanı kaydedildi. Anestezi sırasında kalp oranı, solunum oranı ve vücut sıcaklığı 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 45 ve 60 dakikalarda kaydedildi. Fizyolojik parametreler açısından her iki grupta istatiksel olarak fark belirlenemedi. Sonuç olarak, tavşanlarda medetomidin – ketamin anestezisi öncesi C vitaminin kullanılması anestezi giriş süresini kısalttığı görülmüştür

Levels of Malondialdehyde and Superoxide Dismutase in Subclinical Hyperthyroidism

We aimed to determine whether patients with subclinical hyperthyroidism (SH) are subject to oxidative stress. Twenty-two women and 8 men having endogenous subclinical hyperthyroidism for a duration of at least 6 months, and 21 women and 9 men healthy controls were included in this study. We measured the level of plasma malondialdehyde, as one of the lipid peroxidation markers, and the activity of erythrocyte superoxide dismutase, which is an antioxidant enzyme. The activity of erythrocyte superoxide dismutase and plasma malondialdehyde levels were found to be significantly higher in subjects with subclinical hyperthyroidism than the control group (P < .01). The results of this study suggest that oxidative stress and antioxidative response could be increased in patients having subclinical hyperthyroidism

Effects of stress produced by adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) on ECG and some blood parameters in vitamin C treated and non-treated chickens

The aim of this study was to examine the effects of vitamin C on ECG and some blood parameters in chickens stressed by ACTH. Sixty Leghorn chickens were randomly allotted to control and experimental groups. Prior to the experimental period ECG’s were recorded and blood samples were taken from both groups of chickens; some blood parameters were also determined. In the control group, isotonic sodium chloride solution was administered at a dose of 2.5 mL per chicken per day for a period of 5 days. In the experimental group, vitamin C (Redoxon Amp, Roche) was administered intramuscularly at the same dose (containing 250 mg vitamin C) and period of time. On the 5th day of the experiment chickens in both groups received 50 IU ACTH intramuscularly. Three hours following this application ECGs were recorded and blood samples were taken from both groups of chickens; some blood parameters were also determined. In conclusion, sinusoidal tachycardia was observed and an increase was determined (P<0.05) in the level of corticosterone and heterophil/lymphocytes (H/L) ratio after ACTH application in the control group

Comparison of Clinical and Hemodynamic Effects of Isoflurane and Sevoflurane Anesthesia in Calves

Background: Inhalation anesthesia is the preferred method for use on many animal species, including ruminants, due to its superiority over the injectable anesthetics. The most commonly used inhalation anesthetics are isoflurane and sevoflurane The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of isoflurane and sevoflurane anesthesia on the cardiovascular system of calves.Materials, Methods &amp; Results: A total of 20 calves (11 male, 9 female) between 1 and 6 months in age and 50 to 85 kg in body weight were used. The calves were divided randomly into two groups of 10 each, with one group being administered isoflurane and the other sevoflurane. An intramuscular dosage of 0.1 mg/kg of xylazine was administered to the calves as premedication. Induction was performed 10 min after calves were given an intramuscular dosage of 4 mg/kg of ketamine. Inhalation anesthesia was maintained with isoflurane or sevoflurane in 100% oxygen saturation. Before anesthesia, after induction and at intervals of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 45, and 60 min of anesthesia, the body temperature, heart rate, and respiratory rate of the calves were recorded. Additionally, before anesthesia, after induction and at intervals of 15, 30, 45, and 60 min of anesthesia, serum electrolyte (Na+, Ca++, K+, Mg++) and blood gases (pH, pCO2, pO2, HCO3-, TCO2, O2Sat, HCT) were evaluated from blood samples taken from both groups. The second derivation, durations and amplitudes of the P and T waves, the durations and amplitudes of the QRS complex, and the durations of PQ and QT intervals were evaluated on the ECGs recorded before anesthesia, after induction and during anesthesia. Following anesthesia termination, the extubation time and the time it took for straightening of the head and standing up were recorded. Decrease in heart rate and body temperature were found significant in two of the groups. Decrease in respiratory rate compared to initial values after premedication was statistically significant for both groups. However, during anesthesia, an increase occurred. This incresae in respiration rate was not statistically significant compared to initial values. The incease in the values of pCO2, pO2, HCO3 and the decrease in the values of pH and Hct comparing the initial values was found statistically significant in both groups.Discussion: In ruminants, isoflurane has an induction concentration of 3-5% and an anesthetic concentration of 1.5-3%, while sevoflurane has an induction concentration of 4-6% and an anesthetic concentration of 2.5-4%. In this study, the concentration of isoflurane was 2.3% (2-5) and the of sevoflurane was 4.07% (3-5) for surgery. In the isoflurane group, extubation, straightening of the head and standing up times were 12.40 ± 3.77 min, 20.4 ± 1.57 min, and 30.80 ± 1.89 min, respectively. In the sevoflurane group, extubation, straightening of the head and standing up times were 13.40 ± 4.99, 19.2 ± 1.49, and 28.0 ± 1.83 min, respectively. Although the calves in the isoflurane group were extubated earlier than those of the sevoflurane group, the time elapsed for straightening of the head and standing up were longer than that of the sevoflurane group. The anesthesia protocol provided a smooth anesthetic administration, general anesthesia and awakening. In conclusion, the effects of isoflurane and sevoflurane anesthesia on the cardiovascular and respiratory system were similar, and although the changes that emerged during anesthesia were statistically significant, it was nonetheless found that the changes were within the physiological limits

Kedilerde travmatik diyafram fıtkı: 15 olgu (2016-2017)

In this study, evaluation of clinical and operative results of cats with diaphragmatic hernia presented with respiratory failure was aimed. The cats were in different age, breed and sex. All of the cats were treated surgically with 73.3% survival rate. The highest incidence of herniation was in the liver and small intestine, but stomach and spleen also was encountered. All deaths occurred during surgery, the cases completed surgical procedure were healed. The cats which died had multiple organ herniation as well as laceration of the lungs and fluid accumulation in the thoracic cavity were noticed. It was seen that intensive care cabin applications and Ventolin - Pulmicort support through nebulizer provided marked contribution on survival rate.Bu çalışmada, kliniğimize solunum güçlüğü şikâyeti ile getirilen kedilerde karşılaşılan diyafram fıtıklarının klinik ve operatif sonuçlarının değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Kediler farklı yaş, ırk ve cinsiyette idiler. Tüm kediler % 73.3 sağ kalım oranıyla cerrahi olarak tedavi edildi. En fazla fıtıklaşan organ karaciğer ve ince bağırsak olmakla birlikte mide ve dalakla da karşılaşıldı. Tüm ölümler operasyon sırasında meydana geldi, operasyonu tamamlanan olguların tamamı yaşadı. Ölen kedilerde çoklu organ fıtıklaşması yanı sıra gerek fıtıklaşan organ gerekse akciğerlerde laserasyon, göğüs boşluğunda sıvı toplanması dikkati çekti. Yoğun bakım kabin uygulamaları ve nebulizator aracılığı ile ventolin- pulmicort desteği sağ kalım üzerine olumlu katkı sağladığı görüldü

Reconsidering nationalism and feminism: the Kurdish political movement in Turkey

Feminist scholars have documented with reference to multiple empirical contexts that feminist claims within nationalist movements are often side‐lined, constructed as ‘inauthentic’ and frequently discredited for imitating supposedly western notions of gender‐based equality. Despite these historical precedents, some feminist scholars have pointed to the positive aspects of nationalist movements, which frequently open up spaces for gender‐based claims. Our research is based on the recognition that we cannot discuss and evaluate the fraught relationship in the abstract but that we need to look at the specific historical and empirical contexts and articulations of nationalism and feminism. The specific case study we draw from is the relationship between the Kurdish women's movement and the wider Kurdish political movement in Turkey. We are exploring the ways that the Kurdish movement in Turkey has politicised Kurdish women's rights activists and examine how Kurdish women activists have reacted to patriarchal tendencies within the Kurdish movement

Histopathological changes in uncomplicated sole ulcers in dairy cattle

This study aimed to investigate the histopathological changes that occurred in the wound of the sole ulcer located on the hooves of dairy cattle. A total of 12 Holstein-Frisian dairy cows suffering from sole ulcer were studied. Sole ulcers in the lateral hoof of the left or right foot of hind legs containing the corium and a part of the epidermis were collected and examined histopathologically. There were subacute inflammatory changes in the superficial dermal vessels. A slight perivascular lymphocyte infiltration and congestion and hyalinization of arterial walls were observed in the corium. Thickening was observed in the endothelium of dermal vessels, and revascularization areas were also noticed. Although epithelial proliferation (acanthosis), degeneration, and necrosis were found, the more obvious changes observed were eosinophilia and mineralization of the connective tissue. In addition, congestion and edema were also seen in the connective tissue.This study aimed to investigate the histopathological changes that occurred in the wound of the sole ulcer located on the hooves of dairy cattle. A total of 12 Holstein-Frisian dairy cows suffering from sole ulcer were studied. Sole ulcers in the lateral hoof of the left or right foot of hind legs containing the corium and a part of the epidermis were collected and examined histopathologically. There were subacute inflammatory changes in the superficial dermal vessels. A slight perivascular lymphocyte infiltration and congestion and hyalinization of arterial walls were observed in the corium. Thickening was observed in the endothelium of dermal vessels, and revascularization areas were also noticed. Although epithelial proliferation (acanthosis), degeneration, and necrosis were found, the more obvious changes observed were eosinophilia and mineralization of the connective tissue. In addition, congestion and edema were also seen in the connective tissue