COORDINATION INTERNATIONALE DES RÉSEAUX D'OBSERVATION IN SITU MET-OCEAN

International audienceFor the last 20 years, OceanOPS (formerly JCOMMOPS) has been providing vital services in coordinating, monitoring, and integrating data and metadata, across an expanding network of met-ocean observing communities. OceanOPS monitors and reports on the status of the GOOS to support effi cient operations, to ensure the transmission and timely exchange of high-quality metadata, and to assist free and unrestricted data delivery to users. OceanOPS tracks over 100,000 observations a day coming from profi ling fl oats, moored/drifting buoys, ocean time series reference stations, gliders, research vessels, ships of opportunity, sea level gauges and HF radars, and provides monitoring services and support to emerging networks, regional systems, and third-party projects to help the observing system implementation. In the context of OceanOPS 5-year Strategic Plan, the GOOS 2030 Strategy and implementation plan, the new earth system approach of the WMO, the UN Ocean Decade, and in close collaboration with European initiatives, OceanOPS ensures and promotes metadata standardization, integration, and interoperability across and within the global ocean observing networks, as well as develops web tools and metrics to analyse trends and to assess the current and future state of the GOOS.Au cours des 20 dernières années, OceanOPS (anciennement JCOMMOPS) a fourni des services vitaux en coordonnant, surveillant et intégrant les données et les métadonnées, à travers un réseau en expansion de communautés d'observation méta-océaniques. OceanOPS surveille et rend compte de l'état du GOOS afin de soutenir l'efficacité des opérations, d'assurer la transmission et l'échange en temps voulu de métadonnées de haute qualité, et d'aider à la livraison gratuite et sans restriction des données aux utilisateurs. OceanOPS suit plus de 100 000 observations par jour provenant de flotteurs professionnels, de bouées fixes/dérivantes, de stations de référence de séries chronologiques océaniques, de planeurs, de navires de recherche, de navires d'opportunité, de jauges de niveau de la mer et de radars HF, et fournit des services de surveillance et un soutien aux réseaux émergents, aux systèmes régionaux et aux projets tiers afin de faciliter la mise en œuvre du système d'observation. Dans le contexte du plan stratégique quinquennal de l'OceanOPS, de la stratégie et du plan de mise en œuvre du GOOS 2030, de la nouvelle approche du système terrestre de l'OMM, de la Décennie des Nations Unies pour l'océan, et en étroite collaboration avec les initiatives européennes, l'OceanOPS assure et promeut la normalisation, l'intégration et l'interopérabilité des métadonnées à travers et au sein des réseaux mondiaux d'observation de l'océan, et développe des outils Web et des mesures pour analyser les tendances et évaluer l'état actuel et futur du GOOS

Argo THE CHALLENGE OF CONTINUING 10 YEARS OF PROGRESS

ISSN: 1042-8275International audienceIn only 10 years, the Argo Program has grown from an idea into a functioning global observing system for the subsurface ocean. More than 3000 Argo floats now cover the world ocean. With these instruments operating on 10-day cycles, the array provides 9000 temperature/salinity/depth profiles every month that are quickly available via the Global Telecommunications System and the Internet. Argo is recognized as a major advance for oceanography, and a success for Argo's parent programs, the Global Ocean Data Assimilation Experiment and Climate Variability and Predictability, and for the Global Earth Observation System of Systems. The value of Argo data in ocean data assimilation (ODA) and other applications is being demonstrated, and will grow as the data set is extended in time and as experience in using the data set leads to new applications. The spatial coverage and quality of the Argo data set are improving, with consideration being given to sampling under seasonal ice at higher latitudes, in additional marginal seas, and to greater depths. Argo data products of value in ODA modeling are under development, and Argo data are being tested to confirm their consistency with related satellite and in situ data. Maintenance of the Argo Program for the next decade and longer is needed for a broad range of climate and oceanographic research and for many operational applications in ocean state estimation and prediction

Ocean integration : The needs and challenges of effective coordination within the ocean observing system

Understanding and sustainably managing complex environments such as marine ecosystems benefits from an integrated approach to ensure that information about all relevant components and their interactions at multiple and nested spatiotemporal scales are considered. This information is based on a wide range of ocean observations using different systems and approaches. An integrated approach thus requires effective collaboration between areas of expertise in order to improve coordination at each step of the ocean observing value chain, from the design and deployment of multi-platform observations to their analysis and the delivery of products, sometimes through data assimilation in numerical models. Despite significant advances over the last two decades in more cooperation across the ocean observing activities, this integrated approach has not yet been fully realized. The ocean observing system still suffers from organizational silos due to independent and often disconnected initiatives, the strong and sometimes destructive competition across disciplines and among scientists, and the absence of a well-established overall governance framework. Here, we address the need for enhanced organizational integration among all the actors of ocean observing, focusing on the occidental systems. We advocate for a major evolution in the way we collaborate, calling for transformative scientific, cultural, behavioral, and management changes. This is timely because we now have the scientific and technical capabilities as well as urgent societal and political drivers. The ambition of the United Nations Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development (2021–2030) and the various efforts to grow a sustainable ocean economy and effective ocean protection efforts all require a more integrated approach to ocean observing. After analyzing the barriers that currently prevent this full integration within the occidental systems, we suggest nine approaches for breaking down the silos and promoting better coordination and sharing. These recommendations are related to the organizational framework, the ocean science culture, the system of recognition and rewards, the data management system, the ocean governance structure, and the ocean observing drivers and funding. These reflections are intended to provide food for thought for further dialogue between all parties involved and trigger concrete actions to foster a real transformational change in ocean observing