Ontologia do nanoworld: abordagem do sistema e o conceito de evolucionismo

The article deals with the ontological subsystem of the philosophical foundations of the corresponding picture of the world, defining the typical understanding of the world as a unity in a variety of properties and relations typical of a particular historical period on the basis of appropriate philosophical interpretation of such categories as matter, motion, space and time, necessary and accidental, possible and real, and other categories, attracted from the classical philosophical heritage and non-classical philosophical teachings. The author points out an important event in the development of the system approach was the publication by Immanuel Kant in 1755 of the work "Universal Natural History and Theory of the Sky." The article describes the fundamental achievement which is the development of the so-called "physics of arising" that reads to express the principle ("From the existing to the emerging) in such a way: the evolutionary paradigm is expanded and elevated to the rank of the basis of all the processes entering according to the second law of thermodynamics. It is established modern holism synthesizes evolutionism, brought to the idea of self-development, with a systemic approach, in which ”zone of responsibility” not only isolated but open complex systems fall into. It is stated the support of nanotechnology and the NBIС tetrahedron as a whole, that is, the NBIC-initiative, is also a complex of self-organizing and self-developing system.El artículo trata del subsistema ontológico de los fundamentos filosóficos de la imagen correspondiente del mundo, definiendo la comprensión típica del mundo como una unidad en una variedad de propiedades y relaciones típicas de un período histórico particular sobre la base de la interpretación filosófica apropiada de categorías tales como la materia, el movimiento, el espacio y el tiempo, necesario y accidental, posible y real, y otras categorías, atraídos por el patrimonio filosófico clásico y las enseñanzas filosóficas no clásicas. El autor señala que un evento importante en el desarrollo del enfoque sistémico fue la publicación por Immanuel Kant en 1755 de la obra "Universal Natural History and Theory of the Sky". El artículo describe el logro fundamental que es el desarrollo de la llamada "física del surgimiento" que lee para expresar el principio ("De lo existente a lo emergente") de tal manera: el paradigma evolutivo se expande y se eleva al rango de la base de todos los procesos que ingresan según la segunda ley de la termodinámica. Se establece que el holismo moderno sintetiza el evolucionismo, llevado a la idea del autodesarrollo, con un enfoque sistémico, en el que la "zona de responsabilidad" no solo es aislada sino abierta los sistemas complejos caen en. Se afirma el apoyo de la nanotecnología y el tetraedro NBI 'en su conjunto, es decir, la iniciativa NBIC, también es un complejo de autoorganización y sistema de autodesarrollo.O artigo lida com o subsistema ontológica dos fundamentos filosóficos da imagem correspondente domundo, definindo a compreensão típica do mundo como uma unidade em uma variedade de propriedadese relacionamentos de um período histórico particular típicos com base na interpretação filosófica categoriasapropriadas tais como matéria, movimento, espaço e tempo, categorias necessárias e acidentais, possíveise reais, e outras, atraídas pela herança filosófica clássica e pelos ensinamentos filosóficos não-clássicos. Oautor destaca que um evento importante no desenvolvimento da abordagem sistêmica foi a publicação porImmanuel Kant em 1755 da obra "História Natural Universal e Teoria do Céu". O artigo descreve arealização chave é o desenvolvimento de "física surgimento" chamada lê para expressar o princípio ( "Desdeo existente para emergentes") para: o paradigma evolucionário se expande e sobe para o posto de base detodos os processos que entram de acordo com a segunda lei da termodinâmica. Ele afirma que o holismosintetiza evolucionismo moderno, levou à ideia de auto, com uma abordagem sistêmica, em que a "zonade responsabilidade" não só é isolado, mas sistemas complexos abertos cair. apoio da nanotecnologia e otetraedro NBI 'como um todo, ou seja, a iniciativa NBIC é também um complexo sistema de autoorganizaçãoe auto-estados

The impact of innovations in the production of biologically valuable food products on supply chain management in the regional economy

Abstract— The article shows a study of the role of supply chain management of innovative biologically valuable food products in the industrial development and economy of the region. The analysis of the process of updating the assortment of food products based on the introduction of innovative developments and production principles conducive to the release of a healthy diet product (innovative product) is presented. The main provisions of the concept of healthy food products, the category of “innovative food products” are analyzed. The article systematizes the definitions of the concept of “innovative product”. Based on the results of the study, features, functional properties and characteristic features of an innovative food product are determined. Based on the concept of “innovative food product”, the concepts of “new food product”, “improved food product”, and “modified food product” are formulated. A classification model of innovative food products is presented. Based on it, it is shown that the development, production and sale of an innovative food product two functions: economic and social. The study made it possible to formulate the main criteria that make it possible to attribute a food product to a group of innovative food products. The article describes the characteristics of an innovative food product, describes market and consumer properties. The author's definitions of concepts are given: “innovative food product”, “new food product”, “improved food product”, “modified food product”. A classification of innovative food products is proposed

Dynamic response of HTS composite tapes to pulsed currents

Dynamic voltage-current characteristics of an HTS Ag/BiSCCO composite tape are studied both experimentally and theoretically. The tape is subjected by pulsed currents with different shapes and magnitude and voltage traces are measured using the four-point method with different location of potential taps on the sample surface. Clockwise and anticlockwise hysteresis loops are obtained for the same sample depending on location of the potential taps. The dynamic characteristics deviate substantially from the DC characteristic, especially in the range of low voltages where a criterion for the critical current value is usually chosen (1-10 mkV/cm). The critical current determined from dynamic characteristics and its change with the pulse magnitude depend on location of the potential taps and on the curve branch chosen for the critical current determination (ascending or descending). The theoretical analysis is based on a model of the magnetic flux diffusion into a composite tape for a superconductor described by the flux creep characteristic. Numerical simulation based on this model gives the results in good agreement with the experimental ones and explains the observed peculiarities of the dynamic characteristics of HTS composite tapes. The difference between the magnetic diffusion into a tape and a slab is discussed.Comment: 18 pages, 13 figure

Ontology of the nanoworld: system approach and the concept of evolutionism

The article deals with the ontological subsystem of the philosophical foundations of the corresponding picture of the world, defining the typical understanding of the world as a unity in a variety of properties and relations typical of a particular historical period on the basis of appropriate philosophical interpretation of such categories as matter, motion, space and time, necessary and accidental, possible and real, and other categories, attracted from the classical philosophical heritage and non-classical philosophical teaching

Measurement of J/psi to eta_c gamma at KEDR

We present a study of the inclusive photon spectra from 5.9 million J/psi decays collected with the KEDR detector at the VEPP-4M e+e- collider. We measure the branching fraction of radiative decay J/psi to eta_c gamma, eta_c width and mass. Our preliminary results are: M(eta_c) = 2979.4+-1.5+-1.9 MeV, G(eta_c) = 27.8+-5.1+-3.3 MeV, B(J/psi to eta_c gamma) = (2.34+-0.15+-0.40)%.Comment: To be published in Proceedings of the PhiPsi09, Oct. 13-16, 2009, Beijing, Chin

Fat mass and obesity-associated obesity-risk genotype is associated with lower foetal growth: An effect that is reversed in the offspring of smoking mothers

Fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene variants are associated with childhood and adult obesity; however, the influence of FTO polymorphisms on foetal growth is unknown. Associations between the FTO variant rs9939609 and the foetal growth trajectories, maternal pregnancy weight gain, anthropometric measures at birth and body mass index (BMI) at age 14 years were assessed in 1079 singleton-birth Australian Caucasians. Analyses were repeated in 3512 singleton-birth Dutch Caucasians. The rs9939609 obesity-risk AA genotype was associated with symmetrical intrauterine growth restriction; an effect reversed in mothers who smoked during pregnancy. The effect increased over time and was modified by maternal smoking for head circumference (P = 0.007), abdominal circumference (P = 0.007), femur length (P = 0.02) and estimated foetal weight (P = 0.001). The modification of the association between the AA genotype and birth anthropometrics by maternal smoking was consistent across birth weight (P = 0.01) and birth length (P = 0.04) and neonatal day 2 anthropometry. Consistent associations were replicated in the Generation R cohort. Maternal pregnancy weight gain matched the pattern of birth weight and was independent of placental weight. In adolescents, the AA genotype was associated with increased BMI-adjusted-for-age in males (P = 0.00009), but no effect was detected in females. A variant in the FTO gene influences foetal growth trajectories in the third trimester, early postnatal growth and adiposity in adolescence. Maternal smoking during pregnancy reversed the direction of association of rs9939609 on foetal growth, which was probably mediated by maternal energy intake. The detection of genetic variants associated with foetal growth has the potential to identify novel molecular mechanisms underlying growth and targeted early life intervention. Copyrigh

D∗DπD^*D\pi and B∗BπB^*B\pi couplings in QCD

We calculate the $D^*D\pi$ and $B^*B\pi$ couplings using QCD sum rules on the light-cone. In this approach, the large-distance dynamics is incorporated in a set of pion wave functions. We take into account two-particle and three-particle wave functions of twist 2, 3 and 4. The resulting values of the coupling constants are $g_{D^*D\pi}= 12.5\pm 1$ and $g_{B^*B\pi}= 29\pm 3$. From this we predict the partial width \Gamma (D^{*+} \ra D^0 \pi^+ )=32 \pm 5~ keV . We also discuss the soft-pion limit of the sum rules which is equivalent to the external axial field approach employed in earlier calculations. Furthermore, using $g_{B^*B\pi}$ and $g_{D^*D\pi}$ the pole dominance model for the B \ra \pi and D\ra \pi semileptonic form factors is compared with the direct calculation of these form factors in the same framework of light-cone sum rules.Comment: 27 pages (LATEX) +3 figures enclosed as .uu file MPI-PhT/94-62 , CEBAF-TH-94-22, LMU 15/9

Beta diversity patterns reveal positive effects of farmland abandonment on moth communities

Farmland abandonment and the accompanying natural succession are largely perceived as unwanted amongst many European conservationists due to alleged negative effects on biodiversity levels. Here, we test this assumption by analysing alpha, beta and gamma diversity patterns of macro-moth communities in habitats on an ecological succession gradient, from extensively managed meadows to scrub-encroached and wooded sites. Macro-moths were light-trapped at 84 fixed circular sampling sites arranged in a semi-nested design within the National Park of Peneda-Gerês, NW-Portugal. In total, we sampled 22825 individuals belonging to 378 species. Alpha, beta and gamma diversity patterns suggest that farmland abandonment is likely to positively affect both overall macro-moth diversity and forest macro-moth diversity, and to negatively affect species diversity of non-forest macro-moth species. Our results also show that spatial habitat heterogeneity is important to maintain gamma diversity of macromoths, especially for rare non-forest species and habitat specialistsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Impact of maternal body mass index and gestational weight gain on pregnancy complications : an individual participant data meta-analysis of European, North American and Australian cohorts

Objective To assess the separate and combined associations of maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and gestational weight gain with the risks of pregnancy complications and their population impact. Design Individual participant data meta-analysis of 39 cohorts. Setting Europe, North America, and Oceania. Population 265 270 births. Methods Information on maternal pre-pregnancy BMI, gestational weight gain, and pregnancy complications was obtained. Multilevel binary logistic regression models were used. Main outcome measures Gestational hypertension, pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes, preterm birth, small and large for gestational age at birth. Results Higher maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and gestational weight gain were, across their full ranges, associated with higher risks of gestational hypertensive disorders, gestational diabetes, and large for gestational age at birth. Preterm birth risk was higher at lower and higher BMI and weight gain. Compared with normal weight mothers with medium gestational weight gain, obese mothers with high gestational weight gain had the highest risk of any pregnancy complication (odds ratio 2.51, 95% CI 2.31- 2.74). We estimated that 23.9% of any pregnancy complication was attributable to maternal overweight/obesity and 31.6% of large for gestational age infants was attributable to excessive gestational weight gain. Conclusions Maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and gestational weight gain are, across their full ranges, associated with risks of pregnancy complications. Obese mothers with high gestational weight gain are at the highest risk of pregnancy complications. Promoting a healthy pre-pregnancy BMI and gestational weight gain may reduce the burden of pregnancy complications and ultimately the risk of maternal and neonatal morbidity.Peer reviewe