Fibromodulin Is Essential for Fetal-Type Scarless Cutaneous Wound Healing

In contrast to adult and late-gestation fetal skin wounds, which heal with scar, early-gestation fetal skin wounds display a remarkable capacity to heal scarlessly. Although the underlying mechanism of this transition from fetal-type scarless healing to adult-type healing with scar has been actively investigated for decades, in utero restoration of scarless healing in late-gestation fetal wounds has not been reported. In this study, using loss- and gain-of-function rodent fetal wound models, we identified that fibromodulin (Fm) is essential for fetal-type scarless wound healing. In particular, we found that loss of Fm can eliminate the ability of early-gestation fetal rodents to heal without scar. Meanwhile, administration of fibromodulin protein (FM) alone was capable of restoring scarless healing in late-gestation rat fetal wounds, which naturally heal with scar, as characterized by dermal appendage restoration and organized collagen architectures that were virtually indistinguishable from those in age-matched unwounded skin. High Fm levels correlated with decreased transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 expression and scarless repair, while low Fm levels correlated with increased TGF-β1 expression and scar formation. This study represents the first successful in utero attempt to induce scarless repair in late-gestation fetal wounds by using a single protein, Fm, and highlights the crucial role that the FM–TGF-β1 nexus plays in fetal-type scarless skin repair. © 2016 American Society for Investigative Patholog

Lumbar Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor in a Young Dog

Background: The most common location of malignant tumors of the peripheral nerve sheath in the spinal cord is the intradural-extramedullary region, and is rare in the spinal nerve roots in the lumbar region. They mainly affect large female dogs over six years of age. Imaging tests assist in the presumptive diagnosis, but confirmation requires histopathological and immunohistochemical examination. The prognosis is guarded. Diagnostic imaging, anatomopathological and immunohistochemical findings of a malignant tumor of the intradural-extramedullary peripheral nerve sheath with medullary infiltration in the lumbar region in a young dog are reported.Case: A body of a 6-year-old Poodle dog was donated for necropsy and diagnostic clarification. In the history, there was a suspicion of lumbar intramedullary neoplasia, detected by computed tomography (CT), with a 4 years progressive chronic evolution. Additionally, the dog had hidden spina bifida (L7 to S3), as detected by radiography and CT. On post mortem radiographic examination (X-ray), there was an enlargement of the vertebral canal (T10 to S2), intense osteolysis (L1 to S2), spinous processes (L5 to L7), and ankylosis (L3 to L7). Necropsy revealed ankylosis (L3 to L7) and intradural-extramedullary mass (9.5 × 2.6 × 2.3 cm) (L2 to L6). No metastases were identified. On microscopy, there was neoplastic proliferation of cells with intense pleomorphism, arranged in bundles interlaced in palisades and sometimes solid mantles. The mitotic index was high, ranging from 10 to 12 mitoses per field. There was also necrosis, hemorrhage, edema, and focal axonal demyelination of the adjacent white matter in the spinal cord. Masson Trichrome staining highlighted an intense diffuse conjunctive stroma. There was a suspicion of a malignant tumor of the peripheral nerve sheath and an immunohistochemical panel was performed for confirmation. There was strong and diffuse positivity for vimentin and S-100 and partial positivity for neuron-specific enolase (NSE), negative for anti-factor VIII, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), α-actin for smooth muscle, cytokeratin, neurofilament, and desmin. Thus, the diagnosis of malignant neoplasm of the peripheral nerve sheath was confirmed.Discussion: Peripheral nerve sheath tumors are classified as benign or malignant. In dogs, they are frequent in elderly, females, and large breeds. In this case report, the animal was young, female, and small breed. The location of the spinal nerve roots is uncommon, and is more commonly found in the brachial plexus. In the animal reported, the tumor was observed as lumbar swelling. Clinical signs vary with the affected region, however, neurogenic claudication and muscle atrophy are more frequent, as observed in this report. Imaging examinations such as X-rays and CT assist in the presumptive diagnosis. In this case report, spina bifida was identified on radiography, and CT suggested the presence of intramedullary neoplasia and allowed to monitor tumor growth. Post mortem X-ray imaging revealed intense osteolysis and ankylosis, which were confirmed at necropsy, which also elucidated its intradural-extramedullary location with infiltration into the spinal cord. The confirmation of the neoplasm was made by histopathological and immunohistochemical examination; the latter should be made a panel, not restricted to the use of antibodies S-100 and vimentin only. The prognosis of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST) of the spinal cord is poor, and although there are palliative methods, there is no curative treatment, as complications can interfere with the quality of life of the animal. MPNST should be included in the differential diagnosis of spinal disorders, even in young dogs and small breeds. CT helps in early diagnosis to make decisions aimed at the animal's well-being

PP16 - Recomendações para assistência odontológica hospitalar a paciente com infecção por microrganismo multirresistente (MMRs)

INTRODUÇÃO: A seleção de MMRs não é um tema novo para a medicina e, devido à sua crescente amplitude e à sua alta velocidade de desenvolvimento, vem se tornando alvo de grande preocupação global. Essas infecções estão diretamente associadas às práticas de cuidados de saúde, tal como o serviço odontológico, e podem afetar o atendimento do paciente aumentando sua morbimortalidade e os custos gerados ao Sistema de Saúde. O serviço odontológico ambulatorial em âmbito hospitalar, por prestar atendimento a um grande número de pacientes imunologicamente comprometidos, está cada vez mais suscetível a participar da transmissão dessas infecções

PP8 - Avaliação do perfil e do impacto da saúde bucal sobre a qualidade de vida de gestantes de alto risco

INTRODUÇÃO: A gestação é caracterizada por diversas alterações físicas e fisiológicas que ocorrem para adaptação do organismo feminino, sendo o tratamento odontológico ainda motivo de insegurança para muitos cirurgiões-dentistas. As doenças bucais que mais acometem as gestantes são a cárie dentária, erosão ácida e alterações periodontais, podendo comprometer qualidade de vida, bem como comprometer a saúde da mãe e do feto

Regulation of epithelial–mesenchymal IL-1 signaling by PPARβ/δ is essential for skin homeostasis and wound healing

Skin morphogenesis, maintenance, and healing after wounding require complex epithelial–mesenchymal interactions. In this study, we show that for skin homeostasis, interleukin-1 (IL-1) produced by keratinocytes activates peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor β/δ (PPARβ/δ) expression in underlying fibroblasts, which in turn inhibits the mitotic activity of keratinocytes via inhibition of the IL-1 signaling pathway. In fact, PPARβ/δ stimulates production of the secreted IL-1 receptor antagonist, which leads to an autocrine decrease in IL-1 signaling pathways and consequently decreases production of secreted mitogenic factors by the fibroblasts. This fibroblast PPARβ/δ regulation of the IL-1 signaling is required for proper wound healing and can regulate tumor as well as normal human keratinocyte cell proliferation. Together, these findings provide evidence for a novel homeostatic control of keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation mediated via PPARβ/δ regulation in dermal fibroblasts of IL-1 signaling. Given the ubiquitous expression of PPARβ/δ, other epithelial–mesenchymal interactions may also be regulated in a similar manner

Segmentación automática de ventrículos cerebrales en imágenes de tomografía computarizada no contrastada

El cuerpo académico de procesamiento avanzado de imágenes médicas de la Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez en conjunto con la Universidad Politécnica de Cataluña y el Colegio de Especialistas en Radiología e Imagen de Ciudad Juárez han estado desarrollando diversas investigaciones en neurorradiología. Como parte de estas investigaciones, se está desarrollando un atlas cerebral en tomografía computarizada no contrastada (NCCT), donde se busca identificar automáticamente las estructuras cerebrales mediante técnicas de visión por computadora. Este proyecto forma parte de la implementación de algoritmos de segmentación automática. En este trabajo se segmentarán ventrículos cerebrales en imágenes de tomografía computarizada

Pretoriana, no. 020, Jul 1956

Wyle Mnr. Just de Loor -- Sir Winston does not remember / C.J. Beanes -- Tekeninge wat verdwyn het / J. Ploeger -- Memories IV / by Mrs T.J. Rodda -- Enige herinneringe van tant Malie Postma / R. Peacock -- Oudste skool moet monument word -- Geldverduistering op Barberton -- 'n Besondere onderskeidin

Basal cell adenoma in upper lip: case report

Basal cell adenoma is a rare benign salivary gland neoplasm that accounts for 1 to 3 % of all salivary gland tumors. Most cases occur in major salivary glands and are rare in minor salivary glands. Describe a clinical case of basal cell adenoma. A 76-year-old Caucasian Brazilian woman presents with a slow-growing asymptomatic lesion of the upper lip. Physical examination revealed a nodular lesion 1.1 cm in size. The lesion was firm to palpation and the surrounding mucosa had normal color and appearance, without any ulceration. The tumor was surgically removed by excisional biopsy. Biopsy confirmed basal cell adenoma. A systematic literature review was carried out in PubMed, Lilacs and SciELO databases. The review included all articles published before 1992. Until 1991 no differentiation was made between basal cell adenoma and canalicular adenoma. Both pathologies were classified as monomorphic adenoma. This is the seventh case of upper lip basal cell adenoma reported in the literature between 1992 and 2014. Three of the seven cases reported were from Brazil