Spray adjustments based on LWA concept in vineyard. Relationship between canopy and coverage for different application settings

Postprint (published version

Efecto del número y tipo de boquillas en la calidad de las aplicaciones en invernaderos con barras verticales

Postprint (published version

Serotonin 3A Receptor Subtype as an Early and Protracted Marker of Cortical Interneuron Subpopulations

To identify neocortical neurons expressing the type 3 serotonergic receptor, here we used transgenic mice expressing the enhanced green fluorescent protein (GFP) under the control of the 5-HT3A promoter (5-HT3A:GFP mice). By means of whole-cell patch-clamp recordings, biocytin labeling, and single-cell reversed-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction on acute brain slices of 5-HT3A:GFP mice, we identified 2 populations of 5-HT3A-expressing interneurons within the somatosensory cortex. The first population was characterized by the frequent expression of the vasoactive intestinal peptide and a typical bipolar/bitufted morphology, whereas the second population expressed predominantly the neuropeptide Y and exhibited more complex dendritic arborizations. Most interneurons of this second group appeared very similar to neurogliaform cells according to their electrophysiological, molecular, and morphological properties. The combination of 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine injections with 5-HT3A mRNA detection showed that cortical 5-HT3A interneurons are generated around embryonic day 14.5. Although at this stage the 5-HT3A receptor subunit is expressed in both the caudal ganglionic eminence and the entopeduncular area, homochronic in utero grafts experiments revealed that cortical 5-HT3A interneurons are mainly generated in the caudal ganglionic eminence. This protracted expression of the 5-HT3A subunit allowed us to study specific cortical interneuron populations from their birth to their final functional phenotype

Esthétique et science de l'art

Issu du sujet annuel 2008/2009 du Centre allemand d’histoire de l’art à Paris, ce numéro propose un choix de textes de la première moitié du XXème siècle. Moment historique décisif de l’histoire croisée de l’esthétique et de l’histoire de l’art, ces décennies sont celles de l’émergence de la « Kunstwissenschaft » en Allemagne et de la science de l’art en France. Ce numéro a été réalisé avec le soutien de l'Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR), de la Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), de la DGLFLF ainsi que de la DVA-Stiftung. Die vorliegende Ausgabe ist aus dem Jahresthema 2008/2009 des Deutschen Forums für Kunstgeschichte in Paris hervorgegangen. Sie enthält eine Auswahl von Texten aus der ersten Hälfte des 20. Jahrhunderts, also aus jenen für die miteinander verwobene Geschichte der Ästhetik und der Kunstgeschichte entscheidenden Jahrzehnten, in denen in Deutschland die Kunstwissenschaft und in Frankreich die »science de l’art« entstanden ist. Diese Ausgabe wurde publiziert mit Unterstützung der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), der Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR), des französischen Ministeriums für Kultur (DGLFLF) sowie der DVA-Stiftung

Intraoperative transfusion practices in Europe

Transfusion of allogeneic blood influences outcome after surgery. Despite widespread availability of transfusion guidelines, transfusion practices might vary among physicians, departments, hospitals and countries. Our aim was to determine the amount of packed red blood cells (pRBC) and blood products transfused intraoperatively, and to describe factors determining transfusion throughout Europe. We did a prospective observational cohort study enrolling 5803 patients in 126 European centres that received at least one pRBC unit intraoperatively, during a continuous three month period in 2013. The overall intraoperative transfusion rate was 1.8%; 59% of transfusions were at least partially initiated as a result of a physiological transfusion trigger- mostly because of hypotension (55.4%) and/or tachycardia (30.7%). Haemoglobin (Hb)- based transfusion trigger alone initiated only 8.5% of transfusions. The Hb concentration [mean (sd)] just before transfusion was 8.1 (1.7) g dl and increased to 9.8 (1.8) g dl after transfusion. The mean number of intraoperatively transfused pRBC units was 2.5 (2.7) units (median 2). Although European Society of Anaesthesiology transfusion guidelines are moderately implemented in Europe with respect to Hb threshold for transfusion (7-9 g dl), there is still an urgent need for further educational efforts that focus on the number of pRBC units to be transfused at this threshold