Intégration de données LiDAR aéroporté dans la modélisation de la croissance en hauteur de l’épinette noire (Picea subser. marianae) dans la forêt boréale de l’est du Canada

La gestion opérationnelle des forêts rend nécessaire la prédiction de la croissance des arbres après perturbation ou récolte sylvicole pour estimer la productivité à l’échelle du paysage. L’indice de qualité de site (IQS) est un des outils utilisés à cette fin, en prédisant une hauteur à 50 ans. Les perturbations majeures induisent un rajeunissement du paysage, plus ou moins important selon leur fréquence et leur sévérité. Peu d’informations sont disponibles sur les jeunes peuplements puisque l’inventaire écoforestier s’est, par le passé, concentré sur les peuplements marchands. De plus, l’acquisition de nouvelles données est limitée par l’accès aux peuplements, lié à la détérioration des chemins forestiers. Le LiDAR (Light Detection And Ranging) fournit des informations tridimensionnelles sur la structure des peuplements sous forme de nuage de point. Une couverture LiDAR aéroportée sera disponible sur tout le Québec méridional d’ici 2022 et pourrait permettre l’acquisition d’informations structurelles sur les jeunes peuplements. Le LiDAR a été utilisé dans ce projet pour obtenir la hauteur des peuplements forestiers de pessières à mousses présents sur un territoire de 1699 km2 ainsi que des variables environnementales. Les modèles développés selon deux approches statistiques, par régression multiple (RM) et par random forest (RF), se montrent capables de prédire des hauteurs représentatives (R2 = 0.521 et 0.749, pour les modèles IQS_LiDAR^RM et IQS_LiDAR^RFrespectivement). La mise en relation des variables environnementales avec la hauteur a permis d’identifier plusieurs variables explicatives de la hauteur telles que l’âge des peuplements, la pente et le drainage. Les relations identifiées ont été utilisées pour construire un modèle prédictif pouvant être appliqué à l’échelle subcontinentale. Les IQSLiDAR créés dans ce projet montrent une erreur moyenne située entre -5.4 et -3.1 % selon le modèle. La méthodologie développée ici fournit aux gestionnaires des forêts du Québec un outil prédictif spatialisé a fine échelle (20 m de résolution) applicable à de vastes territoires, permettant une évaluation efficace des stocks forestiers fine et donc, utile à la planification stratégique des opérations forestières

Criteria adopted by dentists to indicate the extraction of periodontally involved teeth

When dealing with patients with periodontal disease of variable severities, dentists must often choose between treating and restoring the involved tooth or indicating its extraction. Different criteria have been adopted in this decision-making process. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the criteria adopted by dentists to indicate the extraction of teeth with periodontitis. Dentists were interviewed at their private practices in three cities of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The evaluated criteria included severity of attachment loss, tooth mobility, furcation involvement, prosthetic planning, periodontal-endodontic lesion, possible systemic involvement due to the presence of periodontitis, referral to a periodontist for evaluation, radiographic bone loss greater than 50%, presence of extensive caries, socio-economic and cultural status of the patient, among others. The most often adopted criteria to indicate the extraction of periodontally affected teeth were the presence of mobility (37.5%), severity of attachment loss (24.3%) and radiographic bone loss greater than 50% (21.2%). The results of the present study demonstrated the difficulties faced by dentists to indicate the extraction of teeth with severe attachment loss, in addition to the establishment of an adequate prognosis. Aspects associated with the past disease were still the most often reported to indicate the extraction of teeth for periodontal reasons

Association between gingival bleeding and gingival enlargement and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of subjects under fixed orthodontic treatment : a cross-sectional study

Background: There are scarce evidences that evaluated the impact of periodontal disease on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) taking marginal gingival alterations into consideration. Thus, this study aimed to verify the association between OHRQoL and gingival enlargement and gingival bleeding in subjects under fixed orthodontic treatment (FOT). Methods: 330 participants under FOT for at least 6 months were examined by a single, calibrated examiner for periodontal variables and dental aesthetic index. Socio-economic background, body mass index, time with orthodontic appliances, and use of dental floss were assessed by oral interviews. OHRQoL was evaluated using the oral health impact profile (OHIP-14) questionnaire. The assessment of associations used unadjusted and adjusted Poisson regression models. Results: Higher impacts on the OHIP-14 overall were observed in subjects who presented higher levels of anterior gingival enlargement (RR 2.83; 95% CI 2.60-3.09), were non-whites (RR 1.29; 95% CI 1.15-1.45), had household income lower than five national minimum wages (RR 1.85; 95% CI 1.30-2.61), presented body mass index > 25 (RR 1.14; 95% CI 1.01-1.29), and showed a dental aesthetic index > 30 (RR 1.32; 95% CI 1.20-1.46). Conclusions: Anterior gingival enlargement seems to influence the OHRQoL in subjects receiving orthodontic treatment

Does diabetes mellitus affect guided bone regeneration outcomes in individuals undergoing dental implants? A systematic review and meta-analysis

ObjectivesThis systematic review aimed to verify if diabetes affects vertical and horizontal ridge augmentation in individuals undergoing dental implant treatment with guided bone regeneration (GBR).MethodsFive databases were systematically screened up to September 2023, according to predefined eligibility criteria. The methodological risk of bias of included studies was assessed using the ROBINS-I tool, and GRADE was used to evaluate the certainty of evidence. Random-effects pairwise meta-analyses were used to compare changes in vertical (height) and horizontal (width) alveolar bone dimensions between individuals exposed and unexposed to diabetes, through standardized mean differences (SMDs).ResultsThree non-randomized controlled trials met the inclusion criteria, all of which showed a serious risk of bias. The results showed, with overall very low certainty on evidence, that individuals with diabetes did not exhibit a significant difference in horizontal (SMD = −0.41, 95% CI: −0.92–0.10) and vertical (SMD = 0.06, 95% CI: −0.43–0.56) ridge augmentation compared to the those without diabetes.ConclusionsThe available evidence, albeit of very low certainty, suggests that diabetic individuals with moderate or good glycemic control undergoing dental implants and GBR show comparable horizontal and vertical bone gains to their unexposed counterparts. Systematic Review Registrationhttps://osf.io/bpx3t

Association between History of breastfeeding and reports of oral habits and allergy in children

Objetivo: Este trabalho teve como propósito verificar a associação entre o tipo e o tempo de amamentação fornecida ao bebê com a presença de hábitos de respiração bucal, bruxismo, mordida aberta anterior e presença de processos respiratórios alérgicos. Materiais e métodos: Foram analisados todos os prontuários clínicos de crianças entre 0 a 12 anos de idade atendidos nos ambulatórios odontológicos do Centro Universitário Franciscano (UNIFRA), no período de 2005 a 2010. De um total de 507 prontuários, foram incluídos no estudo prontuários de 390 crianças. Resultados: Os resultados demonstraram haver associação entre o tipo de amamentação com a presença de respiração bucal, bruxismo e mordida aberta anterior (pAim: The purpose of this study was to assess the association between type and duration of breastfeeding with the presence of mouth breathing habits, bruxism, anterior open bite and presence of respiratory allergic conditions. Materials and Methods: It was analyzed all dental records of children aging between 0 and 12 years old who were attended by dental students Franciscan University Center (UNIFRA) since 2005 to 2010. Of a total of 507 dental records, 395 were included in the study. Results: The results showed an association between breastfeeding the presence of mouth breathing, bruxism and anterior open bite (

AVALIAÇÃO DE MICRONÚCLEO APÓS A APLICAÇÃO DE AGENTES DESSENSIBILIZANTES: UM ENSAIO CLÍNICO RANDOMIZADO

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as células gengivais de pacientes com hipersensibilidade dentinária (HD), através de teste de micronúcleo, após a aplicação de agentes dessensibilizante em pacientes selecionados nos laboratórios de práticas clínicas do curso de Odontologia do Centro Universitário Franciscano (UNIFRA), Santa Maria, RS. Participaram do estudo quatorze pacientes, de ambos os sexos, classificados em dois grupos, teste (6) e controle (8). A avaliação foi feita através do biomonitoramento da superfície exposta ao agente. Para este fim, adotou-se o teste de micronúcleo, que evidenciou a presença ou não de carcinógenos, refletindo na incidência de eventos genotóxicos sobre a mucosa bucal. A coleta de material foi feita através da citologia esfoliativa na região onde os pacientes apresentaram HD aos estímulos térmicos, táctil e/ou osmóticos.  As lâminas foram coradas pela coloração de Giemsa que serviram para a avaliação da freqüência de micronúcleo e das alterações metanucleares. Os resultados demonstram pouca variação entre os espécimes estudados em relação ao número de micronúcleos, que variou de zero a dez micronúcleos por amostra estudada, sem diferenças importantes entre os grupos. Portanto, a utilização do gel teste parece não aumentar a incidência de eventos genotóxicos. Entretanto, um número maior de observações deve ser avaliado para confirmas estes achados

Sampling strategy of an epidemiological survey using a satellite image program

OBJECTIVE: To describe the sampling strategy of an epidemiological survey with the aid of satellite images, including details of the multistage probability sampling process. METHODS: A probability sample of individuals living in the rural area of Rosário do Sul, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, aged 15 years old or more, was evaluated. Participants answered questionnaires (medical history, sociodemographic characteristics, habits, alcohol use, quality of life, stress, rumination, and self-perceived periodontal diseases), and were subjected to clinical oral examinations as well as anthropometric measurements (blood pressure, height, weight, abdominal and waist circumferences). Oral evaluation comprehended a complete periodontal exam at six sites per tooth, including the following assessments: furcation involvement; dental abrasion; tooth decay, including the indexing of missing and filled surfaces; O’Brien index; gingival abrasion; oral cavity and lip lesions; complete periapical radiographic exam, and use of prostheses. Besides this oral clinical approach, subgingival plaque, crevicular gingival fluid, saliva, and blood samples were collected. Examiners were trained and calibrated during previous evaluations. A pilot study allowed the logistic of the performed exams to be adjusted as needed. RESULTS: Among 1,087 eligible individuals, 688 were examined (63.3%). Age, sex, and skin color data were compared to data from the last demographic census (2010) of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, which served to validate the sampling strategy. CONCLUSIONS: The careful methods used in this study, in which satellite images were used in the delimitation of epidemiological areas, ensure the quality of the estimates obtained and allow for these estimates to be used in oral health surveillance and health policies improvements

Xerostomia impacts oral health-related quality of life in individuals with end-stage renal disease

ABSTRACT Objective: This two-centre cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate whether xerostomia occurrence is associated with oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) after the adjustment for potential confounders. Methods: Oral examinations were performed by calibrated examiners for untreated dental caries, periodontitis and tooth loss in 180 adults with ESRD. The presence of xerostomia was determined using the global question “How often does your mouth feel dry?”. OHRQoL was evaluated by the simplified version of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP14) questionnaire. Multivariate zero-inflated negative binomial regression analysis was used to calculate the incidence rate ratios (IRR) for the nonzero scores and odds ratios (OR) of having no impact in OHIP14 scores according to the presence of exposure. Results: In the adjusted model, xerostomia (IRR = 1.57; 95% CI: 1.12 to 2.20) was associated with poorer OHRQoL. The adjusted domain-specific analysis revealed that xerostomia occurrence significantly impacted the psychological disability and social disability, and the chance of having no impact was lower for the psychological discomfort domain (OR = 0.84; 95% CI: 0.12 to 0.98). Conclusion: Xerostomia exert an impact on OHRQoL in patients with ESRD, mainly in the psychological and social disabilities constructs

Comparison of different methods involved in the planning of clinical crown lengthening surgery

There is little material in the literature that compares biological width measurements in periapical and bite-wings radiographs with clinical measurements. The purpose of this study was to compare measurements of biological width taken by three different methods which are frequently used for planning periodontal surgery - periapical radiograph, bite-wing radiograph and transperiodontal probing - with the trans-surgical measurements. Thirty-four sites from twenty-one subjects were analyzed. The intra-class correlation coefficients between measurements obtained trans-surgically (gold standard) and those obtained by transperiodontal probing, periapical radiography and bite-wing radiography were determined. Average measurements were compared using the Wilcoxon test at a significance level of 0.05. Also, the frequency distribution of differences between test measurements and the gold standard was calculated. The results showed that transperiodontal probing (mean 2.05 mm) was the most accurate measurement, as compared to the gold standard (mean 1.97 mm), with no statistically significant difference observed. On the other hand, periapical and bite-wing radiographic mean values (1.56 mm and 1.72 mm, respectively) were smaller than the gold standard, with statistically significant differences (p < 0.05). It was concluded that transperiodontal probing was the most accurate measurement, as compared to the gold standard, followed by that obtained with the bite-wing radiograph. The clinical relevance of these results could be that planning for crown lengthening surgery should, preferably, include transperiodontal probing