Managers and wage policies

We investigate the effects of individual top managers on wages and wage policies. A large longitudinal administrative dataset from Portugal allows us to match workers,firms and top managers, and follow the movements of the latter across different firms over time. We estimate the role of top manager fixed-effects in determining wages and wage policies, while also accounting for the effect of worker and firm heterogeneity. Our results reveal that top managers have a significant influence on wages, the returns to schooling and tenure, the gender wage gap, and the extent of rent sharing. Further-more, they point to the existence of managerial styles in the setting of wage policies. Finally, we relate worker compensation to observable managerial attributes, and find that returns to schooling tend to be higher in firms led by more educated top executives, while longer-tenured managers appear on average to engage in more rent sharing.Top managers, wage policies, linked worker-firm-manager data.

Firm Heterogeneity and Wages in Unionised Labour Markets: Theory and Evidence

In many countries wages are set in two stages, where industry-level collective bargaining is followed by firm-specific arrangements determining actual paid wages as a mark-up on the industry wage floor. What explains the wage set in each of these stages? In this paper we show that both the industry wage floor and the average wage cushion are systematically associated with the degree of firm heterogeneity in the industry: The former (latter) is negatively (positively) associated with the productivity spread. Furthermore, since the response of the wage floor dominates that of the wage cushion, workers in more heterogeneous industries tend to get lower actual paid wages. These conclusions are reached in a model of Cournot oligopoly with firm productivity heterogeneity and a two-tiered wage setting system. They are then confirmed by administrative data covering virtually all workers, firms and collective bargaining agreements of the Portuguese private sector for the period 1991-2000.Wage determination; Trade unions; Firm heterogeneity

Finite satisfiability verification in UML class diagrams: a comparative study

Unified Modeling Language class diagrams are widely used for modeling, playing a key role in the analysis and design of information systems, especially in development contexts that use modeling oriented methodologies. Therefore, it is relevant to ensure the creation and maintenance of correct class diagrams. With the use of class diagrams it is possible to specify classes, relations and restrictions, however, such diagrams are subject to modeling errors made by their authors and may degenerate into incorrect diagrams. A common cause of incorrect diagrams refers to the definition of contradictory and inconsistent constraints, leading to finite satisfiability problems. Several approaches to the verification of finite satisfiability are currently available, supported by different tools. Through this work, we proceed with the identification and comparison of the existing approaches for the verification of finite satisfiability in class diagrams, determining the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed tools

Invertibility in groupoid C*-algebras

Given a second-countable, Hausdorff, \'etale, amenable groupoid G with compact unit space, we show that an element a in C*(G) is invertible if and only if \lambda_x(a) is invertible for every x in the unit space of G, where \lambda_x refers to the "regular representation" of C*(G) on l_2(G_x). We also prove that, for every a in C*(G), there exists some x in G^{(0)} such that ||a|| = ||\lambda_x(a)||.Comment: 8 page

PROGRESSIVE CONSTRUCTIONS IN BRAZILIAN PORTUGUESE AND ENGLISH

Esse artigo discute diferenças no licenciamento de construções progressivas em português brasileiro (PB) e inglês. Minha proposta central é que a variação translingüística pode ser explicada por um único requerimento universal: o operador de progressivo (no sentido de Landman, 1992) deve ter escopo sobre algum elemento que possua o traço [+ stage]. Stage, sob este ponto de vista, é um traço semântico relacionado à propriedade de "ser dinâmico em um intervalo de tempo". Os dados discutidos neste artigo mostram que o significado básico das classes verbais e o significado das construções progressivas é o mesmo em PB e inglês. A variação translingüística é explicada a partir das propriedades específicas dos verbos auxiliares usados em construções progressivas; em outras palavras, o verbo auxiliar em PB possui o traço [+ stage], mas o verbo auxiliar em inglês não o possui

Development of a high-throughput microsatellite typing approach for forensic and population genetic analysis of wild and domestic African Bovini

Conservation management and forensic traceability of African buffalo and cattle rely on the timely provision of unbiased and accurate genetic information. An approach in which 17 cattle microsatellite markers are co-electrophoresed, following amplification in three core multiplex reactions was established for this purpose. Mean allelic richness per locus was 8.24 and 6.47, for buffalo and Bonsmara cattle, respectively, whilst an unbiased match probability of 6.5x×10-17 and 1.03 × 10-16 was obtained for each. These results confirm the usefulness of this rapid, cost-effective typing approach for forensic, paternity and fine-scale genetic analyses of wild and domestic African Bovini tribe member

Challenges and perspectives of academic evaluation

A avaliação acadêmica constitui um componente essencial da ciência moderna, na medida em que esta evoluiu do mecenato individualizado para seu papel contemporâneo de pilar das sociedades contemporâneas e democráticas. O Brasil tem experimentado em anos recentes um crescimento consistente de sua produção científica, hoje plenamente compatível com seu status de país de renda média-alta, em vias de se tornar um país desenvolvido e igualitário nos anos por vir. Crescer é lidar com desafios e dilemas, e a avaliação acadêmica não está isenta deles. Em um país de dimensões continentais, profundamente heterogêneo, que conta com sistemas nacionais de avaliação e plataformas eletrônicas de disseminação da informação em diferentes campos do conhecimento, esses desafios se referem à necessidade de estar atento ao detalhe sem perder de vista a abrangência e lidar com a diversidade regional e social, sem abrir mão da excelência acadêmica como marco fundamental.Academic evaluation has been an essential component of modern science since its inception, as science has moved away from personalized patronage toward its contemporary role as an essential enterprise of contemporary, democratic societies. In recent years, Brazil has experienced sustained growth in its scientific output, which is nowadays fully compatible with its status as a high middle-income country striving to become a fully developed, more equitable country in the years to come. Growth usually takes place amidst challenges and dilemmas and, in Brazil as elsewhere, academic evaluation is not exempt from such difficulties. In a large, profoundly heterogeneous country with a national evaluation system and nationwide on-line platforms disseminating information on the most disparate fields of knowledge, the main challenges refer to how to pay attention to detail without losing sight of comprehensiveness and how to handle social and regional diversity while preserving academic excellence as the fundamental benchmark.La evaluación académica constituyó un componente esencial de la ciencia moderna, en la medida en que ésta evolucionó del mecenazgo individualizado para su papel contemporáneo de pilar de las sociedades contemporáneas y democráticas. Brasil ha experimentado en años recientes un crecimiento consistente de su producción científica, hoy plenamente compatible con su estatus de país de renta media-alta, en vías de convertirse en un país desarrollado e igualitario en los años por venir. Crecer es lidiar con desafíos y dilemas, y la evaluación académica no está exenta de ellos. En un país de dimensiones continentales, profundamente heterogéneo, que cuenta con sistemas nacionales de evaluación y plataformas electrónicas de diseminación de la información en diferentes campos del conocimiento, éstos desafíos se refieren a la necesidad de estar más atento al detalle sin perder de vista la amplitud y lidiar con la diversidad regional y social, sin abrir mano de la excelencia académica como marco fundamental

Entropic Gravity, Phase-Space Noncommutativity and the Equivalence Principle

We generalize E. Verlinde's entropic gravity reasoning to a phase-space noncommutativity set-up. This allow us to impose a bound on the product of the noncommutative parameters based on the Equivalence Principle. The key feature of our analysis is an effective Planck's constant that naturally arises when accounting for the noncommutative features of the phase-space.Comment: 12 pages. Version to appear at the Classical and Quantum Gravit

Sensing UMTS bands using cyclostationary features and cooperation between opportunistic terminals

The Opportunistic Radio (OR) concept relies on the cognitive features of the OR terminals, namely the ability to adapt its transmitter parameters, based upon interaction with the RF environment in which it operates. An OR system operates in licensed frequency bands, exploiting opportunities and operating with a lower priority regarding the licensed system, implementing a spectrum pool mechanism. The most important constraint is that the OR network should always avoid harmful interference with the licensed system, therefore it should reliably detect licensed signals in the used band in order to avoid interfering with the licensed owner of that band. Given the importance of UMTS systems in current wireless communications, this paper is focused on 3G bands and addresses the problem of sensing weak UMTS signals. The proposed sensing algorithm exploits the cyclostationary features of UMTS signals and the cooperation between multiple OR terminals clustered in the OR network