WITHIN SUBJECT VARIABILITY ANALYSIS REVEALS A TRANSITION POINT FOR THE LONGSWING ACROSS AGE GROUPS

This research aimed to observe changes in the within subject variability of the longswing performance and coordination across age groups in gymnasts divided by their competition level, from younger (group 1) to experts (group 5). Data were collected by two video cameras. Performance and coordinative within subject variability were calculated by the standard deviation (inter-trial variability) and the deviation phase (intra-trial variability). Results only showed significant group differences for within subject variability (inter- and intra-trial) in the SD P3H-P3S. In addition, group 4 (14.78±0.57 yrs) showed both large inter-trial variability in the upswing shoulder flexion (P3) and large intra-trial variability during hip and shoulder extension (P2) and P3. Such large variability in group 4 suggests a transition point towards the experts´ performance and coordination (19.96±3.37 yrs)

Myth or reality? The influence of the lunar cycle, day or night on the timing and type of birth

Trabajo de fin de grado. Grado en Medicina. Curso académico 2022-2023[ES] Introducción: La sociedad en la que vivimos hoy en día está plagada de múltiples mitos y creencias. En torno al tema del parto existen gran cantidad de ellos, entre los que destaca la influencia de ciertas fases del ciclo lunar, más concretamente la luna llena, o que hay un mayor número de nacimientos espontáneos durante la noche. Objetivo: Verificar a partir de datos objetivos la veracidad o no de los mitos en torno al momento del parto. Para ello se plantea como objetivo principal conocer si existe relación entre el ciclo lunar, el día, la noche y la estacionalidad con el momento y el tipo de parto. Material y métodos: Se trata de un estudio retrospectivo, observacional y descriptivo. Se han utilizado los datos correspondientes a un total de 1598 partos a partir del libro de registro del paritorio del servicio de Ginecología y Obstetricia del CAUSA durante un período de 12 meses. El análisis estadístico se llevó a cabo mediante el programa SPSS. Resultados: El 84,6% de los partos ocurrieron en las fases intermedias de los ciclos lunares y el 58,7% fuera de las 4 fases lunares clásicas de forma no significativa. El 39,7% de partos sucedieron durante el turno de noche, produciéndose durante dicho turno un mayor número de partos instrumentales, mientras que el número de cesáreas fue ligeramente superior en el turno de mañana, siendo estas diferencias estadísticamente significativas. En las primíparas, el 48,3% de partos fueron inducidos mientras que, en las multíparas, el 59,4% fueron espontáneos, siendo el número de cesáreas electivas similar en ambos grupos. Tanto en primíparas como en multíparas el tipo de parto mayoritario fue el eutócico, mientras que, tanto las cesáreas como la instrumentación durante el parto fueron necesarias principalmente en primíparas. En nuestro estudio no se encuentra un efecto lunar significativo en el desencadenamiento del parto en función de la paridad. De forma estadísticamente significativa, el turno que reúne un mayor porcentaje global de partos es el de las primíparas durante el turno de noche. Conclusión: En nuestra población de estudio, la fase lunar no se asocia a un aumento en el número, tipo, forma de inicio del parto ni la paridad. Existe un mayor número de partos durante el turno de noche. Se produce un mayor número de inducciones, cesáreas y partos instrumentales en embarazadas primíparas. No hay relación significativa entre el número y el tipo de parto con el mes del año o la estación.[EN] Introduction: The society we live in today is plagued by multiple myths and beliefs. There are several myths surrounding childbirth, including the influence of certain phases of the lunar cycle, more specifically the full moon, or that there are a greater number of spontaneous births during the night. Objective: To verify, based on objective data, the veracity or not of the myths surrounding the moment of childbirth. The main objective was to determine whether there is a relationship between the lunar cycle, day, night, and seasonality with the moment and type of birth. Material and methods: This is a retrospective, observational, and descriptive study. Data corresponding to a total of 1598 deliveries were used from the delivery room's logbook of the Gynecology and Obstetrics service of the hospital for 12 months. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS software. Results: 84.6% of the deliveries happened in the intermediate phases of the lunar cycles and 58.7% outside the 4 classical lunar phases in a non-significant way. 39.7% of deliveries occurred during the night shift, with a higher number of instrumental deliveries during this shift, while the number of cesarean sections was slightly higher in the morning shift, being these differences statistically significant. In primiparous women, 48.3% of deliveries were induced, while in multiparous women, 59.4% were spontaneous, and the number of elective cesarean sections was similar in both groups. In both primiparous and multiparous women, the most common type of delivery was a vaginal delivery, while both cesarean sections and instrumentation during labor were necessary mainly in primiparous women. In our study, we did not find a significant lunar effect on the onset of labor according to parity. In a significant way, the group and shift with the highest overall percentage of deliveries is the primiparous one during the night shift. Conclusion: In our study population, the lunar phase is not associated with an increase in the number, type, onset of labor, or parity. There is a higher number of deliveries during the night shift. There is a higher rate of inductions, cesarean sections, and instrumental deliveries in primiparous pregnant women. There is no significant relationship between the number and type of deliveries with the month of the year or the season

PRACTICE AND TALENT EFFECTS IN SWING HIGH BAR INTER-JOINT COORDINATION OF NOVICE ADULTS

This research describes changes in movement coordination after a two-month practice period of the swing on high bar in a novice cohort, which was divided by a-priory talent level into two groups: spontaneous-talented, ST, and non-spontaneous-talented, NST. Their performance was also compared with experienced gymnasts. Data were collected during pre- and post-practice sessions by two video cameras. Coordination between hip and shoulder joints was assessed. Results showed a similar practice effect in the swing enlargements in both novice groups. Interestingly, the ST group’s inter-joint coordination variables on the downswing improved more than those of the NST group due to practice. Therefore, the two novice groups improved performance, but they showed diferent local coordination. Initial talent helped to improve both performance and coordination in the down-swing

Lipid nanoparticles biocompatibility and cellular uptake in a 3D human lung model

Aim: Design nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) to facilitate drug delivery to tuberculosis-infected areas, exploiting macrophage mannose receptors and assess their uptake in a 3D human lung model. Materials & methods: NLCs and mannosylated-NLCs were synthetized and characterized. Their uptake and biocompatibility were tested in a 3D human lung model. Results: The formulations have appropriate size (170-202 nm) and morphology for lung deposition. Cell membrane integrity was maintained and no significant pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL-1β, IL-8 and TNF-α) secretion or morphological changes were observed 24 h post nanoparticles exposure. NLCs and mannosylated NLCs were distributed in the apical side of the lung tissue, both in macrophages and in epithelial cells. Conclusion: NLCs are biocompatible carriers and can be used for pulmonary drug delivery.Aim: Design nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) to facilitate drug delivery to tuberculosis-infected areas, exploiting macrophage mannose receptors and assess their uptake in a 3D human lung model. Materials & methods: NLCs and mannosylated-NLCs were synthetized and characterized. Their uptake and biocompatibility were tested in a 3D human lung model. Results: The formulations have appropriate size (170-202 nm) and morphology for lung deposition. Cell membrane integrity was maintained and no significant pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL-1β, IL-8 and TNF-α) secretion or morphological changes were observed 24 h post nanoparticles exposure. NLCs and mannosylated NLCs were distributed in the apical side of the lung tissue, both in macrophages and in epithelial cells. Conclusion: NLCs are biocompatible carriers and can be used for pulmonary drug delivery

As percepções e vivências de pais e mães face à pré-adolescência das filhas

Dissertação de Mestrado em Psicologia ClínicaO estudo da adolescência tem-se debruçado essencialmente sobre o adolescente, escasseando os estudos que se centram na perspectiva dos Pais e que tenham como referencial teórico a Psicanálise. Com este estudo pretendeu-se alargar a compreensão da adolescência tendo como enfoque o modo como os pais e as mães percepcionam e vivenciam a passagem da filha primogénita pela pré-adolescência, correspondendo esta ao período de desenvolvimento psíquico necessário para lidar com a puberdade. Procurou-se identificar semelhanças e diferenças nas perspectivas, explicando-as à luz da teoria psicanalítica. A amostra foi seleccionada por conveniência sendo constituída por cinco casais com uma filha primogénita com idade compreendida entre os 13 e 14 anos. A recolha dos dados foi realizada através de uma entrevista semi-estruturada, aplicada aos pais e às mães individualmente. Os resultados indicam que relativamente às mudanças percepcionadas na relação com a filha, quer os pais, quer as mães relatam uma maior autonomia e independência da filha. Porém, a maioria dos pais, ao contrário das mães, dão conta de uma diminuição da manifestação dos afectos ternos por parte da filha e possuem a percepção de que é mais fácil para a filha falarem com as mães acerca de assuntos de natureza pessoal. Constatou-se ainda que as mães foram mais capazes de descrever as filhas e que os pais lidam pior com a ideia da filha namorar e sair de casa. A nova maturidade sexual da filha e a emergência de pulsões incestuosas podem contribuir para explicar as diferenças observadas entre pais e mães. ------- ABSTRACT ------- So far, the study of adolescence has focused mainly on the adolescent. Only very few studys center on Parents’ perspective having Psychoanalysis as the theoretical framework. The current investigation intends to enlarge the understanding of adolescence focusing on the way fathers and mothers perceive and experience their daugher’s preadolescence, considering it the required period of psychic development to deal with puberty. Similiraties and differences were sought in mothers’ and fathers’ perspectives and explained considering psychoanalytic theory. It was collected a convenience sample which included five couples with an eldest daughter with 13 or 14 year old. The data was collected through a semi-structured interview which was done to fathers and mothers separately. Results indicate that in what concerns changes perceived in the parents-daughter relationship, both fathers and mothers report greater autonomy and independence of their daughter. However, most fathers acknowledge a decrease of affection expression by their daughter and have the perception that it is easier for their daugthers to speak with their mothers about personal issues. Also, mothers appeared more capable of describing their daughter and fathers deal worse with the idea of their daughter dating and leaving home. The new sexual maturity of their daughters and the arising of incestuous impulses can partially explain the differences observed between mothers’ and fathers’ perspectives

NADP-Dependent Isocitrate Dehydrogenase from Arabidopsis Roots Contributes in the Mechanism of Defence against the Nitro-Oxidative Stress Induced by Salinity

NADPH regeneration appears to be essential in the mechanism of plant defence against oxidative stress. Plants contain several NADPH-generating dehydrogenases including isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP-ICDH), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH), 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGDH), and malic enzyme (ME). In Arabidopsis seedlings grown under salinity conditions (100 mM NaCl) the analysis of physiological parameters, antioxidant enzymes (catalase and superoxide dismutase) and content of superoxide radical (O2  ∙−), nitric oxide (NO), and peroxynitrite (ONOO−) indicates a process of nitro-oxidative stress induced by NaCl. Among the analysed NADPH-generating dehydrogenases under salinity conditions, the NADP-ICDH showed the maximum activity mainly attributable to the root NADP-ICDH. Thus, these data provide new insights on the relevance of the NADP-ICDH which could be considered as a second barrier in the mechanism of response against the nitro-oxidative stress generated by salinity

Desempenho social de psicóticos em função do comportamento do interlocutor

This research investigated the social skills of psychotics in relation to its partners’ behaviors in social interactions. Two trained judges observed a sample of 35 psychotics compared to 35 non-clinical subjects interacting with trained partners in 4 video-taped role-play situations, regarding giving and receiving criticism. Types of situations and gender of partners were varied. Results showed that subjects’ behaviors were positively related to their partner’s non-verbal feedbacks and looking behavior while listening to them and were negatively related to theirs partners’ looking behavior during silence. Patients' group was more sensitive to partner’s behaviors, their behaviors being also positively related to their partner’s verbal feedbacks. These results replicated data from international literature in this area and suggest specific behaviors as incentive to the social skills of the patients in rehabilitation programsand suggest specific behaviors as incentive to the social skills of the patients in rehabilitation programs.Keywords: social skills; partners’ behavior; psychotics; desinstitucionalization; role-play.Foi investigado o desempenho social em função do comportamento do interlocutor, em uma amostra de 35 pacientes psicóticos comparativamente a 35 sujeitos não-clínicos. Dois observadores previamente treinados observaram os comportamentos dos sujeitos e dos interlocutores em 4 situações sociais de fazer e receber críticas, em desempenho de papéis, gravados em vídeo. Variou-se o tipo de situação e o gênero do interlocutor. Os resultados mostraram que o desempenho dos sujeitos estava positivamente relacionado aos comportamentos dos interlocutores de dar atenção, de dar feedbacks não-verbais e de olhar os sujeitos ao escutá-los e negativamente relacionado ao comportamento de olhar dos interlocutores nos momentos de silêncio. Os pacientes se mostraram mais sensíveis aos comportamentos dos interlocutores do que o grupo não clínico, pois seu desempenho se relacionou também positivamente com os feedbacks verbais do interlocutores. Estes resultados confirmam dados da literatura internacional da área e sugerem comportamentos específicos dos interlocutores como incentivo ao desempenho dos pacientes em programas de reabilitação.Palavras-chave: competência social; psicóticos; reinserção social; desempenho de papéis.

Sobrecarga de familiares de pacientes psiquiátricos atendidos na rede pública

BACKGROUND: Family burden among caregivers of psychiatric patients has been reported in international researches, but in Brazil very few studies investigated this problem. OBJECTIVES: This study describes the family caregivers' objective and subjective burden and identified the most affected domains of their lives. METHODS: Descriptive study using a sample of 150 family caregiversofpsychiatricpatients,randomly selected from Cersamsin Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil. It was applied a Family Burden Interview Schedule (FBIS-BR) and a standardized clinic and socio-demographic data questionnaire. RESULTS: Most caregivers presented high objective burden related to frequent daily assistance of patients and a high subjective burden related to worries about the patients, feeling of burden in supervising their problematic behaviors and perception of permanent impact in their social and professional lives. The daily alterations in the routine had not caused objective burden to the caregivers. The average of monthly expenses with patients was of R$153.5. CONCLUSIONS: Results confirmed data from international research with the same target population and from Brazilians studies with caregivers of old patients with depression or dementia. Results obtained in the present research indicated that it is necessary to develop intervention programs for information, support and orientation of family caregivers.CONTEXTO: Pesquisas internacionais constataram sobrecarga em familiares cuidadores de pacientes psiquiátricos, mas no Brasil há poucos estudos nesta área. OBJETIVOS: Descrever a sobrecarga objetiva e subjetiva de uma amostra de familiares e os aspectos mais afetados de suas vidas. MÉTODOS: Estudo descritivo com 150 familiares de pacientes psiquiátricos selecionados aleatoriamente nos Cersams de Belo Horizonte (MG). Utilizou-se a Escala de Sobrecarga dos Familiares de Pacientes Psiquiátricos (FBIS-BR) e um questionário sociodemográfico e clínico. RESULTADOS: A maioria dos cuidadores apresentou elevada sobrecarga objetiva relativa à alta freqüência de ajuda aos pacientes nas tarefas cotidianas e elevada sobrecarga subjetiva, referente às preocupações com os pacientes, ao elevado grau de incômodo ao supervisionar seus comportamentos problemáticos e à percepção de mudanças permanentes na vida social e profissional dos familiares. As alterações diárias na rotina não acarretaram sobrecarga objetiva aos cuidadores. A média de gastos mensais com os pacientes foi de R$ 153,57. CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados confirmaram dados de estudos internacionais com cuidadores de pacientes psicóticos e de estudos nacionais com cuidadores de pacientes idosos com depressão e demência. Os resultados da presente pesquisa mostram a necessidade de desenvolver programas de informação, orientação e apoio aos familiares dos pacientes psiquiátricos

Modification of the spectroscopic properties of Tb2O3 phosphor under the high-pressure phase transitions sequence

The high-pressure behavior of cubic Tb2O3 phase (C-type) has been investigated by in situ photoluminescence and Raman spectroscopy up to 18 GPa and 22 GPa, respectively. The luminescence spectrum of Tb2O3 at ambient conditions shows its characteristic sharp-line emission bands with the most intense one corresponding to the 5D4 - 7F5 transition, responsible of the green emission. Excitation and emission spectra measured at low temperature and at different emission and excitation wavelengths suggest that photoluminescence is governed by the Tb3+ in the non-centrosymmetric site (C2). A phase transition between 7.2 and 8.6 GPa is observed by Raman and photoluminescence experiments and is associated to a cubic-to-monoclinic (B-type) structural transformation. From 14 GPa the predominant modes in the Raman spectrum correspond to those from the trigonal phase (A-type), indicating that the pressure-induced structural phase transition sequence of Tb2O3 is C → B → A. Upon pressure release, the starting cubic phase is not recovered, but the monoclinic one.M.T. Candela would like to thank University of Cantabria for her pre-doctoral grant “Concepción Arenal”, co-financed by the Government of Cantabria. Also, the authors acknowledge financial support from both, the European Research Council (ref NCLas H2020-EU829161) and the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (PGC2018-101464-B-I00)