Polarization analysis of CuXX-lines emitted from X-pinch

International audienceSoft x-ray emission from CuXX L-shell lines emitted by a dense X-pinch plasma have been investigated with high-resolution curved Bragg crystals at different angles of orientation. Single shot time integrated spectra show clear evidences of polarization for the Ne-like spectral lines 2s22p6 1S0 → 2s22p53s 1P1 (λ = 12.570 Å), 2s22p6 1S0 → 2s22p53s 3P1 (λ = 12.8277 Å). The variation of the intensity ratio of these two well-separated L-shell lines is discussed in view of its application for suprathermal electron characterization under real experimental conditions of pinch plasmas. We demonstrated that the simultaneous use of two different polarization spectrometers (means 4 Bragg crystals) permitted a high level of confidence for the analysis of the variation of the line ratios due to polarization

THE SEX SYSTEM OF THE POPULATION OF SAGITTARIA SAITTIFOLIA AS AN INDICATOR OF THE ECOLOGICAL STATUS OF A RIVER

The ecological state of small rivers that define the water regime of the territory, as well as the water supply of larger rivers, the quality of their waters is a matter of a serious concern. The ecosystems of watercourses in urban areas exposed to pollution by industrial and domestic wastes are under the maximum anthropogenic load. Bioindicative methods, which let to assess directly the status of aquatic ecosystems and their individual components, occupy an important place in the system of ecological monitoring of water bodies. Plants respond to toxicants in an aquatic habitat by the abnormality of biosynthesis of chlorophyll, carotenoids and other pigments, change of mineral balance, phytohormones, which leads to a change in their reproductive differentiation. In this regard, water quality assessment was carried out on the basis of chemical analysis and bioindication concerning Sagittaria sagittifolia populations in the upper and middle stream ways of the river Tyosha flowing through the Nizhny Novgorod region. The article presents the results of some organoleptic and chemical parameters such as pH level of overall hardness, concentration of nitrates and nitrites, ions of ammonium, phosphates, mercury, concentration of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the water. It was detected that there were exceeding quantities of ammonium ions, nitrite ions, phosphates in the water of all ranges of the river Tyosha, and also high content of iron in the downstreams of the river. The findings suggest that the reproductive structure of arrowhead inflorescences can serve as a bio-indicator of the degree of water pollution. The harder the environmental conditions of the plant habitat in the water body, the more intensive is a shift in the ratio of flowers to the feminine side. It has been shown that due to the deterioration of environmental conditions, the number of compound inflorescences of the arrowhead and the numbers of whorls in them decrease and, on the other hand, there is an increase in the percentage of plants with simple typical inflorescences. A credible shift in the reproductive ratio of arrowhead inflorescences to the female side is spotted on the downstream river station near Lukoyanov and industrial community Shatky, where the complex of environmental factors for its growth is the least favorable. It was established that anthropogenic pollution of the river has a negative effect on the reproductive sphere of Sagittaria sagittifolia, causing a reduction in pollen fertility, which is confirmed by the chemical analysis of water. On the basis of the studies the assessment of the ecological status of the water in the Tyosha river was given

Efficiency of application of different DNA probes in identifying marker chromosomes

The presence of marker chromosomes in the human karyotype always requires a special diagnostic approach. Determination of the marker chromosome type and structure is of great diagnostic and prognostic importance. There are several methods of marker chromosomes identification, which differ in their informative value. The paper presents the results of cytogenetic and FISH diagnostics of supernumerical marker chromosomes (SMC) cases in patients’ karyotype. Aim. To analyze the results of the cytogenetic and molecular cytogenetic diagnostics for patients with marker chromosomes, and to evaluate and compare the efficiency of the methods used. Methods. Karyotyping was done according to the standard methods. GTG, CBG, QFQ and NOR-Ag methods of differential staining were used. FISH was performed according to the manufacturer’s instructions for CEP, LSI and WCP DNA-probes. Results. Marker chromosome was found in 15 of 7989 patients. Application of standard staining methods was effective in 66.6 % of cases. Combination of differential staining and FISH allowed identifying a marker chromosome in 83.3 %. 90 % of all marker chromosomes were identified as isochromosomes and 60 % of them were derivative from chromosome 15. Conclusions. The use of WCP probes is a main step in the marker chromosome identification with further application of CEP/LSI probes. If a marker chromosome has nonspecific DNA sequences more sensitive methods should be use.Наявність маркерних хромосом в каріотипі людини завжди вимагає особливого діагностичного підходу. Визначення типу і структури маркерної хромосоми має велике діагностичне і прогностичне значення. Існує кілька методів ідентифікації маркерних хромосом, але різні методи мають різний рівень інформативності. В роботі наведені результати цитогенетичної та FISH діагностики випадків із надчисельними маркерними хромосомами в каріотипі пацієнтів. Мета. Аналіз результатів цитогенетичних і молекулярно-цитогенетичних досліджень каріотипів пацієнтів з маркерними хромосомами, а також оцінка і порівняння ефективності використаних методів. Методи. Каріотипування було виконано у відповідності до стандартних методів. Були використані GTG, CBG, QFQ і NOR-Ag методи диференціального фарбування. FISH була виконана відповідно до інструкцій виробника для CEP, LSI та WCP ДНК-проб. Результати. Маркерна хромосома була виявлена у 15 з 7989 пацієнтів. Застосування стандартних методів фарбування було ефективним у 66,6% випадків. Поєднання диференціального фарбування та FISH дозволило ідентифікувати маркерні хромосоми у 83,3 %. 90 % всіх маркерних хромосом були визначені як ізохромосоми і 60 % з них були похідними від хромосоми 15. Висновки. Використання WCP ДНК-проб є основним етапом ідентифікації маркерних хромосом з наступним застосуванням CEP та LSI ДНК-проб. Якщо маркерна хромосома має неспецифічні послідовності ДНК, то у таких випадках повинні бути застосовані більш чутливі методи.Наличие маркерных хромосом в кариотипе человека всегда требует особого диагностического подхода. Определение типа и структуры маркерной хромосомы имеет большое диагностическое и прогностическое значение. Существует несколько методов идентификации маркерных хромосом, но разные методы имеют разный уровень информативности. В работе приведены результаты цитогенетической и FISH диагностики случаев со сверхчисленными маркерными хромосомами в кариотипе пациентов. Цель. Анализ результатов цитогенетических и молекулярно-цитогенетических исследований кариотипов пациентов с маркерным хромосомами, а также оценка и сравнение эффективности использованных методов. Методы. Кариотипирование выполнено согласно стандартных методик. Использованы GTG, CBG, QFQ и NOR-Ag методы дифференциального окрашивания. FISH выполнена в соответствии с инструкциями производителя для CEP, LSI и WCP ДНК-проб. Результаты. Маркерная хромосома обнаружена у 15 из 7989 пациентов. Применение стандартных методов окрашивания было эффективным в 66,6 % случаев. Сочетание дифференциального окрашивания и FISH позволило идентифицировать маркерные хромосомы в 83,3 %. 90 % всех маркерных хромосом были определены как изохромосомы и 60 % из них были производными от хромосомы 15. Выводы. Использование WCP ДНК-проб является основным этапом идентификации маркерных хромосом с последующим применением CEP и LSI ДНК-проб. Если маркерная хромосома имеет неспецифические последовательности ДНК, то в таких случаях должны быть применены более чувствительные методы

Synthesis and steric structure of 3′,3′,5′-trimethyl-7′,7′-bis(trifluoromethyl)spiro[1,3,2-benzodioxaphosphole-2,1′-[2,6,8]trioxa[1λ⁵]phosphabicyclo[3.2.1]octane] and 3′,5′-dimethyl-7′,7′-bis(trifluoromethyl)spiro[1,3,2-benzodioxaphosphole-2,1′-[2,6,8]trioxa[1λ⁵]phosphabicyclo[3.2.1]oct[3]ene]

© 2015 Pleiades Publishing, Ltd. Reactions of hexafluoroacetone with 4-(1,3,2-benzodioxaphosphol-2-yloxy)-4-methylpentan-2-one and 4-(1,3,2-benzodioxaphosphol-2-yloxy)pent-3-en-2-one afforded cage spiro phosphoranes with a phosphorus-carbon bond, 3′,3′,5′-trimethyl-7′,7′-bis(trifluoromethyl)spiro[1,3,2-benzodioxaphosphole-2,1′-[2,6,8]-trioxa[1λ5]phosphabicyclo[3.2.1]octane] and 3′,5′-dimethyl-7′,7′-bis(trifluoromethyl)spiro[1,3,2-benzodioxaphosphole-2,1′-[2,6,8]trioxa[1λ5]phosphabicyclo[3.2.1]oct[3]ene], whose structure was determined by X-ray analysis

New Possibilities for Testing Local Realism in High Energy Physics

The three photons from the dominant ortho-positronium decay and two vector mesons from the $\eta_c$ exclusive decays are found to be in tripartite and high-dimensional entangled states, respectively. These two classes of entangled states possess the Hardy type nonlocality and allow a priori for quantum mechanics vs local realism test via Bell inequalities. The experimental realizations are shown to be feasible, and a concrete scheme to fulfill the test in experiment via two-vector-meson entangled state is proposed.Comment: published in Phys. Lett.

New synthesis of phosphine oxides bearing a 2-methyl-4-oxopent-2-yl substituent

A new approach to the synthesis of substituted phosphine oxides bearing an oxo group at the γ-position to the phosphorus atom was developed. © 2010

A new versatile synthesis of functionalized phosphine oxides-efficient ligands for rare-earth metals extraction

A new approach to the synthesis of 2-hydroxyaryl-alkenylphosphine oxides and dialkyl (diaryl)-(2-methyl-4-oxopent-2-yl)phosphine oxides was developed that involves an interaction of Grignard reagents with available benzo[e]-1,2-oxaphosphorinines and 1,2- oxaphospholene-2-oxide. This approach allows obtaining target compounds with a high yield. The synthesized phosphine oxides proved to be highly efficient extractants in the micellar extraction of some lanthanides from the nitric acid media. Copyright © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC

Statistical analysis of the use an internal capital adequacy assessment procedure in the monitoring of banks stability

To increase the stability of the banking system, it is necessary to use effective systems of risk management and monitoring of banks. One of these systems is the internal procedure for capital adequacy assessment (IPCAA). The purpose of this study is to assess, using a statistical analysis, the impact of the IPCAA procedure on changes in the value of banks' capital adequacy ratios. Some results of monitoring data are presented on risk-weighted assets, level 1 and 2 capitals, and capital adequacy ratios (CAR) for two foreign (2008 - 2018) and three Russian banks (2014 - 2018). The study showed the direct effect of increasing the risk-weighted assets on the level of capital adequacy (CAR). The results obtained allow concluding that there is a direct significant connection between the IPCAA procedure use and the stability of banks. This procedure provides a comprehensive assessment of the overall capital adequacy of banks, taking into account the existing risks in order to maintain an adequate and stable forecast level of capital. The study also revealed the needs of banks in creating adequate structures to ensure proper management of financial and operational risks, which will simplify the IPCAA process and ensure more effective capital planning and decision-making to provide the stability of both individual banks and the entire banking system. © 2020 American Institute of Physics Inc.. All rights reserved

Эффективность использования аллергена туберкулезного рекомбинантного в скрининг-диагностике туберкулезной инфекции у детей и подростков в Ставропольском крае

Goal of the study: to define efficiency ofthe screening with the tuberculous recombinant allergen (TRA) in children and adolescents with the purpose of tuberculosis detection and defining the groups of the advanced risk of developing tuberculosis.Materials and methods. Efficiency ofscreening fortuberculosis was compared upon the results ofskin tests withTRA in 72,601 children and Mantoux test with 2 TU PPD-L in 99,448 children in the age from 1 to 14 years old.Results. The frequency of tuberculosis detection in the mass screening with TRA among children made 0.4 per 1000 of those examined, among adolescents it made 0.7 per 1000 of those examined which was significantly and confidently higher compared to the screening with Mantoux test. The use of TRA test allowed reducing more than 5 times the number of candidates for preventive chemotherapy under direct observation ofthe drug intake.Цель исследования: определить эффективность скрининга детского и подросткового населения с помощью пробы с аллергеном туберкулезным рекомбинантным (АТР) по выявлению туберкулеза и формированию групп риска развития туберкулеза.Материалы и методы. Проведен сравнительный анализ эффективности скрининга туберкулеза по результатам кожной пробы с АТР у 72 601 ребенка и кожной пробы Манту с 2 ТЕ ППД-Л у 99 448 детей в возрасте 1-14 лет.Результаты. Частота выявления туберкулеза при массовом обследовании по пробе с АТР составила среди детей 0,4 на 1 000 обследованных, среди подростков - 0,7 на 1 000 обследованных, что значительно и достоверно выше, чем при скрининге с использованием пробы Манту. Использование пробы с АТР позволило более чем в 5 раз сократить число лиц для проведения превентивной химиотерапии с контролируемым приемом противотуберкулезных препаратов

Использование рифапентина для превентивной химиотерапии детей из групп риска развития туберкулеза

The objective: to compare efficacy of preventive treatment of children with latent tuberculosis infection using various regimens of anti-tuberculosis drugs and assess the risk of adverse events to these drugs.Subjects and Methods. 117 children of 2-17 years old with latent tuberculosis infection [a positive result of the test with tuberculous recombinant allergen (TRA)] were enrolled in the prospective study. They received preventive treatment with the regimen containing isoniazid and rifapentine. The comparison group included 84 children who received isoniazid and rifampicin.Results. In terms of safety and efficacy of chemotherapy regimens in the study, the best results were obtained when using the regimen containing isoniazid and rifapentine: the therapy was well tolerated, hepatotoxic reactions were registered in 1.7% of children. After a full course of preventive treatment in 24 months of follow-up, there was a statistically significant decrease in the proportion of hyperergic results of the skit test with TRA from 44 (41.9%) to 0 (0%) χ2 McNemar 43.00; p < 0.01; and conversion of the TRA test result from positive to negative was observed in 18.1% of children.Цель исследования: сравнить эффективность превентивного лечения детей с латентной туберкулезной инфекцией при использовании различных схем противотуберкулезных препаратов и оценить риск развития нежелательных явлений при них.Материалы и методы. В проспективное исследование взято 117 детей 2-17 лет с латентной туберкулезной инфекцией [положительная проба с аллергеном туберкулезным рекомбинантным (АТР)], которым проведено превентивное лечение схемой, включающей изониазид и рифапентин. В группу сравнения включено 84 ребенка, получавших схему изониазид и рифампицин.Результаты. По безопасности и эффективности схем химиотерапии в проведенном исследовании наилучшие результаты получены при использовании схемы изониазид и рифапентин: переносимость терапии была удовлетворительная, гепатотоксические реакции зарегистрированы у 1,7% детей.При проведении полного курса превентивного лечения через 24 мес. наблюдения зарегистрировано статистически значимое снижение доли гиперергических тестов при кожной пробе с АТР с 44 (41,9%) до 0 (0%) χ2 МакНемар 43,00; p < 0,01, конверсия положительной пробы с АТР в отрицательную у 18,1% детей