Resolving velocity space dynamics in continuum gyrokinetics

Many plasmas of interest to the astrophysical and fusion communities are weakly collisional. In such plasmas, small scales can develop in the distribution of particle velocities, potentially affecting observable quantities such as turbulent fluxes. Consequently, it is necessary to monitor velocity space resolution in gyrokinetic simulations. In this paper, we present a set of computationally efficient diagnostics for measuring velocity space resolution in gyrokinetic simulations and apply them to a range of plasma physics phenomena using the continuum gyrokinetic code GS2. For the cases considered here, it is found that the use of a collisionality at or below experimental values allows for the resolution of plasma dynamics with relatively few velocity space grid points. Additionally, we describe implementation of an adaptive collision frequency which can be used to improve velocity space resolution in the collisionless regime, where results are expected to be independent of collision frequency.Comment: 20 pages, 11 figures, submitted to Phys. Plasma

Work Arrangements in New Zealand: First Results from the Survey of Working Life

Work arrangements in New Zealand have changed substantially in the last 30 years, leading to increased diversity in contracting arrangements, hours and times worked, and terms and conditions of employment. This paper describes the current work arrangements, employment conditions and job satisfaction levels of employed people in New Zealander from data collected in the Survey of Working Life. The survey was run as a supplement to the Household Labour Force Survey in the March 2008 quarter, to answer questions such as: 'How prevalent is casual work in New Zealand?', 'How many employed people work non-standard hours?’ and 'Who is most likely to experience stress or discrimination at work?’ The focus o f the data analysis is to identify workers with different types of employment relationships (for example, temporary versus permanent employees), and describe the demographic and job characteristics associated with these different employment relationships. Working-time patterns and conditions of employment are the other key topics examined in this paper. It is intended that this supplement be repeated every three years to monitor changes in employment conditions, work arrangements and job quality in New Zealand

A U-Pb zircon age for the Råna intrusion, N. Norway : new evidence of basic magmatism in the Scandinavian Caledonides in Early Silurian time

Four morphologically distinctive zircon types from quartz-bearing gabbronorite in the Rana intrusion in the Narvik Nappe Complex yield coincident and concordant U-Pb analyses indicating a crystallization age of 437+1-2 Ma. The age of the Rana intrusion, together with other zircon ages from similar layered mafic intrusions and ophiolites in Norway, provide evidence for a distinct and possible short-lived period of back-arc spreading and mafic plutonism in the upper part of the Upper Allochthon and in the Uppermost Allochthon of the Scandinavian Caledonides in Early Silurian time. The intrusion was emplaced during a period of regional crust extension that post-dates the local D1 deformational phase and pre-dates phases D2-D6. The main period of regional metamorphism (and D2-6) in the Narvik Nappe Complex post-dates emplacement of the Rana intrusion, and it is concluded that these latest deformational phases are probably related to the medial Silurian Scandian orogeny and not the Cambrian-Early Ordovician (?) "Finnmarkian' orogeny, as previously supposed

On the CJT Formalism in Multi-Field Theories

The issues that arise when using the Cornwall-Jackiw-Tomboulis formalism in multi-field theories are investigated. Particular attention is devoted to the interplay between temperature effects, ultraviolet structure, and the interdependence of the gap equations. Results are presented explicitly in the case of the evaluation of the finite temperature effective potential of a theory with two scalar fields which has attracted interest as a toy model for symmetry nonrestoration at high temperatures. The lowest nontrivial order of approximation of the Cornwall-Jackiw-Tomboulis effective potential is shown to lead to consistent results, which are relevant for recent studies of symmetry nonrestoration by Bimonte and Lozano.Comment: 17 pages, LaTe

Charmonium Decay Physics

Recent experimental results on the decays of charmonium, together with related physics issues, are reviewed. Some future prospects are described.Comment: 8 pages, latex, no figures. Invited talk at the 8th International Conference on Hadron Spectroscopy (Hadron99), Beijing, 24-28 august, 1999; to appear in Proceeding

Work Arrangements in New Zealand: First Results from the Survey of Working Life

Work arrangements in New Zealand have changed substantially in the last 30 years, leading to increased diversity in contracting arrangements, hours and times worked, and terms and conditions of employment. This paper describes the current work arrangements, employment conditions and job satisfaction levels of employed people in New Zealander from data collected in the Survey of Working Life. The survey was run as a supplement to the Household Labour Force Survey in the March 2008 quarter, to answer questions such as: 'How prevalent is casual work in New Zealand?', 'How many employed people work non-standard hours?’ and 'Who is most likely to experience stress or discrimination at work?’ The focus o f the data analysis is to identify workers with different types of employment relationships (for example, temporary versus permanent employees), and describe the demographic and job characteristics associated with these different employment relationships. Working-time patterns and conditions of employment are the other key topics examined in this paper. It is intended that this supplement be repeated every three years to monitor changes in employment conditions, work arrangements and job quality in New Zealand

Spectral tunability of a plasmonic antenna with a dielectric nanocrystal

We show that the positioning of a nanometer length scale dielectric object, such as a diamond nanocrystal, in the vicinity of a gold bowtie nanoantenna can be used to tune the plasmonic mode spectrum on the order of a linewidth. We further show that the intrinsic luminescence of gold enhanced in the presence of nanometer-scale roughness couples efficiently to the plasmon mode and carries the same polarization anisotropy. Our findings have direct implications for cavity quantum electrodynamics related applications of hybrid antenna-emitter complexes.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figure