Relative effect of food supplementation and natural resources on female red deer distribution in a Mediterranean ecosystem

Supplementary feeding is a widespread game management practice in several red deer (Cervus elaphus) populations, with important potential consequences on the biology of this species. InMediterranean ecosystems food supplementation occurs in the rutting period, when it may change mating system characteristics. We studied the role of food supplementation relative to natural resources in the spatial distribution, aggregation, and mean harem size of females in Iberian red deer (Cervus elaphus hispanicus) during the rut. We studied 30 red deer populations of southwestern Spain, 63% of which experienced supplementary feeding. Using multivariate spatial analyses we found that food supplementation affected distribution of females in 95% of the populations in which it occurred. Green meadows present during the mating season acted as an important natural resource influencing female distribution. Additionally, the level of female aggregation and mean harem size were significantly higher in those populations in which food supplementation determined female distribution than in populations in which female distribution did not depend on supplementary feeding. Because female aggregation and mean harem size are key elements in sexual selection, supplementary feeding may constitute an important anthropogenic element with potential evolutionary implications for populations of Iberian red deer

Virtual 3D reconstruction of complex urban environments

[ES] Este trabajo presenta una metodología para la generación de modelos tridimensionales de entornos urbanos. Se utiliza una plataforma terrestre multi-sensores compuesta por un LIDAR, una cámara esférica, GPS y otros sistemas inerciales. Los datos de los sensores están sincronizados con el sistema de navegación y georrefenciados. La metodología de digitalizaciónn se centra en 3 procesos principales. (1) La reconstrucción tridimensional, en el cual se elimina el ruido en los datos 3D y se disminuye la distorsión en las imágenes. Posteriormente se construye una imagen panorámica. (2) La texturización, se describe a detalle el algoritmo para asegurar la menor incertidumbre en el proceso de extracción de color. (3) La generación de mallas, se describe el proceso de mallado basado en octree’s, desde la generación de la semilla, el teselado, así como la eliminación de huecos en las mallas. Por último, se realiza una evaluación cuantitativa de la propuesta y se compara con otros enfoques existen[EN] This paper presents a methodology for the generation of three-dimensional models of urban environments. A multi-sensor terrestrial platform composed of a LIDAR, a spherical camera, GPS and IMU systems is used. The data of the sensors are synchronized with the navigation system and georeferenced. The digitalization methodology is focused on 3 main processes. (1) The three-dimensional reconstruction, in which the noise in the 3D data is eliminated and the distortion in the images is reduced. Later, a panoramic image is built. (2) Texturing, the algorithm is described in detail to ensure the least uncertainty in this color extraction process. (3) Mesh generation, the meshing process based on octree’s is described, from the generation of the seed, the tessellation, as well as the elimination of gaps in the meshes. Finally, a quantitative evaluation of our proposal is made and compared with other existing approaches in the state-of-the-art. The results obtained are discussed in detail.García-Moreno, A.; González-Barbosa, J. (2020). Reconstrucción virtual tridimensional de entornos urbanos complejos. Revista Iberoamericana de Automática e Informática industrial. 17(1):22-33. https://doi.org/10.4995/riai.2019.11203OJS2233171Bernard O Abayowa, Alper Yilmaz, and Russell C Hardie. Automatic registration of optical aerial imagery to a lidar point cloud for generation of city models. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 106:68-81, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2015.05.006Gerardo Atanacio-Jiménez, José-Joel González-Barbosa, Juan B Hurtado-Ramos, Francisco J Ornelas-Rodríguez, Hugo Jiménez-Hernández, Teresa García-Ramirez, and Ricardo González-Barbosa. Lidar velodyne hdl-64e calibration using pattern planes. International Journal on Advanced Robotics Systems, 8(5):70-82, 2011. https://doi.org/10.5772/50900Matthew Brown, Richard Szeliski, and Simon Winder. Multi-image matching using multi-scale oriented patches. In Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, 2005. CVPR 2005. IEEE Computer Society Conference on, volume 1, pages 510-517. IEEE, 2005.Jonathan C Carr, Richard K Beatson, Jon B Cherrie, Tim J Mitchell, W Richard Fright, Bruce C McCallum, and Tim R Evans. Reconstruction and representation of 3d objects with radial basis functions. In Proceedings of the 28th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques, pages 67-76. ACM, 2001.Ke Chen, Weisheng Lu, Fan Xue, Pingbo Tang, and Ling Hin Li. Automatic building information model reconstruction in high-density urban areas: Augmenting multi-source data with architectural knowledge. Automation in Construction, 93:22-34, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2018.05.009Tamal K Dey and Samrat Goswami. Provable surface reconstruction from noisy samples. In Proceedings of the twentieth annual symposium on Computational geometry, pages 330-339. ACM, 2004.Luca Di Angelo, Paolo Di Stefano, and Luigi Giaccari. A new mesh-growing algorithm for fast surface reconstruction. Computer-Aided Design, 43(6): 639-650, 2011. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cad.2011.02.012Julie Digne. An analysis and implementation of a parallel ball pivoting algorithm. Image Processing On Line, 4:149-168, 2014. https://doi.org/10.5201/ipol.2014.81Damien Garcia. Robust smoothing of gridded data in one and higher dimensions with missing values. Computational statistics & data analysis, 54(4):1167-1178, 2010. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csda.2009.09.020Angel-Iván García-Moreno, José-Joel Gonzalez-Barbosa, Francisco-Javier Ornelas-Rodriguez, Juan B Hurtado-Ramos, and Marco-Neri Primo-Fuentes. Lidar and panoramic camera extrinsic calibration approach using a pattern plane. In Pattern Recognition. Springer, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-38989-4_11Angel-Iván García-Moreno, Denis-Eduardo Hernandez-García, José-Joel Gonzalez-Barbosa, Alfonso Ramírez-Pedraza, Juan B Hurtado-Ramos, and Francisco-Javier Ornelas-Rodriguez. Error propagation and uncertainty analysis between 3d laser scanner and camera. Robotics and Autonomous Systems, 62(6):782-793, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.robot.2014.02.004Angel-Iván García-Moreno, José-Joel González-Barbosa, Alfonso Ramírez-Pedraza, Juan B Hurtado-Ramos, and Francisco-Javier Ornelas-Rodriguez. Accurate evaluation of sensitivity for calibration between a lidar and a panoramic camera used for remote sensing. Journal of Applied Remote Sensing, 10(2):024002-024002, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JRS.10.024002Jianwei Guo, Dong-Ming Yan, Li Chen, Xiaopeng Zhang, Oliver Deussen, and Peter Wonka. Tetrahedral meshing via maximal poisson-disk sampling. Computer Aided Geometric Design, 43:186-199, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cagd.2016.02.004Rostam Affendi Hamzah, A Fauzan Kadmin, M Saad Hamid, S Fakhar A Ghani, and Haidi Ibrahim. Improvement of stereo matching algorithm for 3d surface reconstruction. Signal Processing: Image Communication, 65:165-172, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.image.2018.04.001Chris Harris. Geometry from visual motion. In Active vision, pages 263-284. MIT Press, 1993.C. Hatger and C. Brenner. Extraction of road geometry parameters from laser scanning and existing databases. International Archives of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, 34(3/W13):225-230, 2003.Dorota Iwaszczuk and Uwe Stilla. Camera pose refinement by matching uncertain 3d building models with thermal infrared image sequences for high quality texture extraction. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 132:33-47, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2017.08.006Hansung Kim and Adrian Hilton. Block world reconstruction from spherical stereo image pairs. Computer Vision and Image Understanding, 139:104-121, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cviu.2015.04.001Eyal Kushilevitz, Rafail Ostrovsky, and Yuval Rabani. Efficient search for approximate nearest neighbor in high dimensional spaces. SIAM Journal on Computing, 30(2):457-474, 2000. https://doi.org/10.1137/S0097539798347177Maxime Lhuillier. Surface reconstruction from a sparse point cloud by enforcing visibility consistency and topology constraints. Computer Vision and Image Understanding, 175:52-71, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cviu.2018.09.007Lingyun Liu and Ioannis Stamos. A systematic approach for 2d-image to 3drange registration in urban environments. Computer Vision and Image Understanding, 116(1):25-37, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cviu.2011.07.009Jules Morel, Alexandra Bac, and Cédric Véga. Surface reconstruction of incomplete datasets: A novel poisson surface approach based on csrbf. Computers & Graphics, 74:44-55, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cag.2018.05.004Gaurav Pandey, James R McBride, and Ryan M Eustice. Ford campus vision and lidar data set. The International Journal of Robotics Research, 30(13): 1543-1552, 2011. https://doi.org/10.1177/0278364911400640Gaurav Pandey, James R McBride, Silvio Savarese, and Ryan M Eustice. Automatic extrinsic calibration of vision and lidar by maximizing mutual information. Journal of Field Robotics, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1002/rob.21542Yun Shi, Shunping Ji, Xiaowei Shao, Peng Yang, Wenbin Wu, Zhongchao Shi, and Ryosuke Shibasaki. Fusion of a panoramic camera and 2d laser scanner data for constrained bundle adjustment in gps-denied environments. Image and Vision Computing, 40:28-37, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.imavis.2015.06.002Miao Wang and Yi-Hsing Tseng. Automatic segmentation of lidar data into coplanar point clusters using an octree-based split-and-merge algorithm. Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing, 76(4):407-420, 2010. https://doi.org/10.14358/PERS.76.4.407Ruisheng Wang, Jeff Bach, Jane Macfarlane, and Frank P Ferrie. A new upsampling method for mobile lidar data. In Applications of Computer Vision (WACV), 2012 IEEE Workshop on, pages 17-24. IEEE, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1109/WACV.2012.6162998Bin Wu, Bailang Yu, Qiusheng Wu, Shenjun Yao, Feng Zhao, Weiqing Mao, and Jianping Wu. A graph-based approach for 3d building model reconstruction from airborne lidar point clouds. Remote Sensing, 9(1):92, 2017. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9010092Lin Yang, Yehua Sheng, and Bo Wang. 3d reconstruction of building façade with fused data of terrestrial lidar data and optical image. Optik-International Journal for Light and Electron Optics, 127(4):2165-2168, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijleo.2015.11.147Michael Ying Yang, Yanpeng Cao, and John McDonald. Fusion of camera images and laser scans for wide baseline 3d scene alignment in urban environments. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 66(6): S52-S61, 2011. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2011.09.004Cheng Yi, Yuan Zhang, Qiaoyun Wu, Yabin Xu, Oussama Remil, Mingqiang Wei, and JunWang. Urban building reconstruction from raw lidar point data. Computer-Aided Design, 93:1-14, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cad.2017.07.005Fanyang Zeng and Ruofei Zhong. The algorithm to generate color point-cloud with the registration between panoramic image and laser point-cloud. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, volume 17, page 012160. IOP Publishing, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/17/1/012160SM Iman Zolanvari, Debra F Laefer, and Atteyeh S Natanzi. Three-dimensional building fac¸ade segmentation and opening area detection from point clouds. ISPRS journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing, 143:134-149, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2018.04.00

Sensitivity analysis in a camera-LiDAR calibration model

Recientemente, la fusión de datos entre una cámara y un sensor de profundidad del tipo LiDAR se ha convertido en un problema de gran interés en la industria y en la ingeniería. La calidad de los modelos 3D producidos depende, en buena manera, de un proceso correcto de calibración entre ambos sensores. En este artículo, se realiza un análisis de sensibilidad en un modelo de calibración cámara-LiDAR. Se ha calculado individualmente la variabilidad de cada parámetro por el método de Sobol, basado en la técnica de ANOVA, y el método FAST, que se basa en el análisis de Fourier. Se han definido los parámetros más sensibles y con mayor tendencia a introducir errores en nuestra plataforma de reconstrucción. Se han simulado múltiples conjuntos de parámetros para su análisis y comparación utilizando los métodos de Monte Carlo e Hipercubo Latino. Se muestran estadísticas sobre la sensibilidad total y global de cada parámetro. Además, se presentan resultados sobre la relación de sensibilidad en la calibración cámara-LiDAR, el costo computacional, el tiempo de simulación, la discrepancia y la homogeneidad en los datos simulados.Recently the data fusion between a camera and a depth sensor of LiDAR type, has become an issue of major concern in industry and engineering. The quality of the delivered 3D models depends greatly on a proper calibration between sensors. This paper presents a sensitivity analysis in a camera-lidar calibration model. The variability of each parameter was calculated individually by the Sobol method, based on ANOVA technique, and the FAST method, which is based on Fourier analysis. Multiple sets of parameters were simulated using Monte Carlo and Latin Hypercube methods for the purpose of comparing the results of the sensitivity analysis. We defined which parameters are the most sensitive and prone to introduce error into our reconstruction platform. Statistics for the total and global sensibility analysis for each sensor and for each parameter are presented. Furthermore, results on the sensitivity ratio on camera-LiDAR calibration, computational cost, time simulation, discrepancy and homogeneity in the simulated data are presented.Peer Reviewe

BioExtreme workshop, O Rosal (Galicia, España), verano 2018

La concentración de gases de efecto invernadero en la atmósfera aumenta anualmente debido, principalmente, al uso generalizado de combustibles fósiles como fuente de energía. Este incremento está detrás de una serie de cambios a nivel planetario en parámetros tan importantes como el clima (ej. cambios en el rango de temperaturas y precipitaciones globales) o los niveles de salinidad y pH de los océanos, con importantes implicaciones para la biodiversidad. Existe también un aumento en la disponibilidad de bases de datos y modelos climáticos (ej. MERRAClim, WorldClim, CHELSA, ENVIREM, CliMond, AquaMaps, Bio-ORACLE) que sirven para estimar futuros escenarios de cambio climático y escenarios del pasado reciente, como el último máximo glaciar o el Holoceno medio (ej. ecoClimate, PaleoClim, etc.). Estos modelos suelen proporcionar valores medios de temperatura (ej. temperatura media anual, temperatura media del trimestre más frío o más cálido, etc.) y valores agregados de precipitación (ej. precipitación anual, precipitación del trimestre más seco o más húmedo, etc.). Tradicionalmente, la mayoría de los estudios científicos enfocados en entender los efectos del cambio climático sobre los ecosistemas han utilizado este tipo de variables. Sin embargo, cada vez es más patente que otro tipo de parámetros del clima, como valores extremos de temperatura o precipitación, pueden afectar de manera importante a las especies y sus hábitats. El pasado verano se organizó en O Rosal (Galicia, España) (Fig.1) un workshop interdisciplinar al que acudieron especialistas en biogeografía, macroecología, herpetología, mastozoología, ecología del suelo y oceanografía con el objetivo de discutir sobre qué tipos de extremos climáticos pueden tener una mayor influencia en el funcionamiento de los ecosistemas y la distribución de los organismos. Como resultado de esta reunión se seleccionaron un conjunto de variables climáticas altamente relevantes a nivel ecológico tanto para el medio marino como para el medio terrestre, y las cuales tienen en cuenta la intensidad y duración de los eventos climáticos extremos

LIGHT/HVEM/LTβR Interaction as a Target for the Modulation of the Allogeneic Immune Response in Transplantation

[EN] The exchange of information during interactions of T cells with dendritic cells, B cells or other T cells regulates the course of T, B and DC-cell activation and their differentiation into effector cells. The tumor necrosis factor superfamily member LIGHT (homologous to lymphotoxin, exhibits inducible expression and competes with HSV glycoprotein D for binding to herpesvirus entry mediator, a receptor expressed on T lymphocytes) is transiently expressed upon T cell activation and modulates CD8 T cell-mediated alloreactive responses upon herpes virus entry mediator (HVEM) and lymphotoxin β receptor (LTβR) engagement. LIGHT-deficient mice, or WT mice treated with LIGHT-targeting decoy receptors HVEM-Ig, LTβR-Ig or sDcR3-Ig, exhibit prolonged graft survival compared to untreated controls, suggesting that LIGHT modulates the course and severity of graft rejection. Therefore, targeting the interaction of LIGHT with HVEM and/or LTβR using recombinant soluble decoy receptors or monoclonal antibodies represent an innovative therapeutic strategy for the prevention and treatment of allograft rejection and for the promotion of donor-specific tolerance. This review discusses how targeting the interaction of LIGHT with HVEM and/or LTbR using recombinant soluble decoy receptors or monoclonal antibodies may represent an innovative therapeutic intervention for the prevention and treatment of allograft rejection and promotion of donor-specific tolerance. © 2013 The American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant SurgeonsSIThis work has been supported by grants FIS reference # PI10/01039 from Ministry of Health and Department of Education from Junta of Castilla and Leon reference # LE007A10-2 (to JIRB), and by the Swiss National Science Foundation (to PS

Complexity of Instances for Combinatorial Optimization Problems

Non

The CaT strength in Seyfert nuclei revisited: analyzing young stars and non-stellar light contributions to the spectra

In a former paper (Garcia-Rissmann et al. 2005; hereafter Paper I), we have presented spectra of 64 active, 9 normal and 5 Starburst galaxies in the region around the near-IR Calcium triplet absorption lines and the [SIII]9069 line. In the present paper we analyze the CaT strength (WCaT), and kinematical products derived in that study, namely stellar and ionized gas velocity dispersions. Our main results may be summarized as follows: (1) Seyfert 2s show no sign of dilution in WCaT with respect to the values spanned by normal galaxies, even when optical absorption lines such as the CaII K band at 3933 A are much weaker than in old, bulge-like stellar populations. (2) The location of Seyfert 2s in the WCaT-WCaK plane is consistent with evolutionary synthesis models. The implication is that the source responsible for the dilution of optical lines in these AGN is a young stellar population, rather than an AGN featureless continuum, confirming the conclusion of the pioneer study of Terlevich, Diaz & Terlevich. (3) In Seyfert 1s, both W[SIII] and WCaT tend to be diluted due to the presence of a non-stellar component, in agreement with the unification paradigm. (4) A comparison of stellar and gas velocity dispersions confirms the existence of a correlation between the typical velocities of stars and clouds of the Narrow Line Region. The strength and scatter around this correlation are similar to those previously obtained from the [OIII]5007 line width.Comment: 14 pages, 15 figures. Paper accepted for publication in MNRA

A beam-beam monitoring detector for the MPD experiment at NICA

The Multi-Purpose Detector (MPD) is to be installed at the Nuclotron Ion Collider fAcility (NICA) of the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR). Its main goal is to study the phase diagram of the strongly interacting matter produced in heavy-ion collisions. These studies, while providing insight into the physics of heavy-ion collisions, are relevant for improving our understanding of the evolution of the early Universe and the formation of neutron stars. In order to extend the MPD trigger capabilities, we propose to include a high granularity beam-beam monitoring detector (BE-BE) to provide a level-0 trigger signal with an expected time resolution of 30 ps. This new detector will improve the determination of the reaction plane by the MPD experiment, a key measurement for flow studies that provides physics insight into the early stages of the reaction. In this work, we use simulated Au+Au collisions at NICA energies to show the potential of such a detector to determine the event plane resolution, providing further redundancy to the detectors originally considered for this purpose namely, the Fast Forward Detector (FFD) and the Hadron Calorimeter (HCAL). We also show our results for the time resolution studies of two prototype cells carried out at the T10 beam line at the CERN PS complex.Comment: 16 pages, 12 figures. Updated to published version with added comments and correction

Life Project for Adolescents: A Concept Analysis

It is essential to identify protective factors during adolescence due to its high incidence on risk behaviors. One of these factors is to have a life project that influences adolescent decision-making. The concept of life project has mainly been linked to teen pregnancy, depression and suicide; however, some authors agree that the concept is not clearly defined. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to define the concept of adolescent life project, using the methodology developed by Walker and Avant for concept analysis. The following steps were followed are: select a concept, determining the purpose of analysis, identifying all uses of the concept, determining the defining attributes, identifying a model, a borderline and a contrary cases, identifying history and consequences of the concept, and finally defining empirical referents. After the analysis, the final definition of the concept of adolescent life project includes the set of desires, future plans and actions necessary to accomplish it that influence the adolescent decisions. Knowing the importance of this concept when working with adolescents may guide development more effective interventions

Photocatalytic performance of Ta2O5/BiVO4 heterojunction for hydrogen production and methylene blue photodegradation

Forming semiconductor heterojunction is promising for improved photocatalytic performance due to synergistic combination of the best properties of each material. The present study reports a simple hydrothermal strategy to form n-n heterojunction of Ta2O5 nanotubes and BiVO4 microstructures. The Ta2O5/BiVO4 heterojunctions were characterized by Raman spectroscopy, UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and their photocatalytic activity was evaluated by hydrogen production and photodegradation of methylene blue (MB) dye in aqueous medium under AM 1.5 G (100 mW cm-2 ) condition. The heterojunctions have optical absorption in the visible region (200-500 nm) with crystal structures defined as monoclinic for BiVO4 and orthogonal for Ta2O5. For MB photodegradation, the Ta2O5/BiVO4 obtained via hydrothermal route showed a photodegradation of 72.3%, compared to 28.3% presented by the sample produced through the mechanical mixture, with the maintenance of 86.4% of its photocatalytic performance after 3 cycles of photodegradation. For H2 production, hydrothermally prepared Ta2O5/BiVO4 generated 10.2 μmol g-1 of H2 in 3 h; while Ta2O5 nanotubes and mechanical Ta2O5/BiVO4 mixture shows 6.82 and 2.80 μmol g-1, respectively. The results suggest that Ta2O5/BiVO4 is a promising material for applications in photocatalysis, promoting sustainable energy production through hydrogen and for the treatment of effluents containing cationic dyes