A desterritorialização em Os passos perdidos de Alejo Carpentier

O objeto desse estudo são as aproximações, as ressonâncias entre as obras Os passos perdidos de Alejo Carpentier e o projeto filosófico de Gilles Deleuze e Félix Guattari. Nosso objetivo não será encontrar pontos de influência, mas movimentos de deslocamento, linhas de fuga, desterritorializações que percorrem a obra carpentiana em questão. O deslocamento será essencial para que o narrador de Os passos perdidos comece uma desterritorialização, a qual passará pelo desejo de desorganizar o próprio corpo e atravessará toda a estrutura narrativa. Tentamos compreender como essas desterritorializações atravessam a escritura de Os passos perdidos em três frentes: a desterritorialização da escritura ou literatura menor, a desterritorialização da vida e a desterritorialização dos corpos ou a criação de um CsOL'objet de cette étude sont des approximations, les résonances entre les œuvres Les pas perdus par Alejo Carpentier et le projet philosophique de Gilles Deleuze et Félix Guattari. Notre but n'est pas de trouver des points de levier, mais les mouvements qui traversent des lignes de fuite, déterritorialisations courir travaux de l’œuvre de Carpentier en question. Le changement sera essentielle si le narrateur de Les pas perdus réaliser une déterritorialisation, qui passera par la volonté de perturber le corps luimême et traversera par toute la structure narrative. Nous essayons de comprendre comment ces déterritorialisations traversent l'écriture de Les pas perdus sur trois fronts: le déplacement de l’écriture ou de la littérature mineure, la déterritorialisation de la vie et la déterritorialisation des organes ou la création d'un CsO

Nursing Education: conceptualizing a pedagogical project from the view of professors

Objective: To understand the pedagogical project concept of the professors of the Paulista School of Nursing, and to identify the challenges and the limits faced by them during its development. Methods: Qualitative study, in the oral history thematic modality. Using semi-structured interviews, the narratives of six professors who participated in, at least, half of the meetings for the pedagogical development were obtained. The statements were recorded, interpreted text transcribed, recreated and analyzed, respecting the methodological steps and ethical precepts. The Social World Theory of Pierre Bourdieu was used as a reference for analysis. Results: The concept of the pedagogical project was limited to the curriculum frameworkstraining of the professors is the main difficulty for the planning phase of the paradigmatic change. Conclusion: Professors value the pedagogical project development, but do not advance the proposition because they are steeped in previous models that support workload and organization according to specialty.Objetivo: Apreender o conceito de Projeto Pedagógico dos professores da Escola Paulista de Enfermagem e identificar os desafios e os limites enfrentados por eles durante sua elaboração. Métodos: Estudo qualitativo, na modalidade História Oral Temática. Por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas obtiveram-se as narrativas de seis professores que participaram de, no mínimo, metade dos encontros para essa construção. Os depoimentos foram gravados, transcritos, transcriados e analisados, respeitando-se as etapas do método e os preceitos éticos. Foi utilizada a Teoria de Mundo Social de Pierre Bourdieu como referencial de análise. Resultados: O conceito de Projeto Pedagógico ficou circunscrito à grade curricular e a formação docente é a principal dificuldade para a mudança de paradigma na ação do planejamento. Conclusão: Os docentes valorizam a elaboração do Projeto Pedagógico, mas não avançam na proposição porque estão fixados em modelos anteriores que privilegiam a carga horária e a organização por disciplinas.Paulista Nursing School of UNIFESPCtr Univ Assuncao, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Escola Paulista Enfermagem, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Escola Paulista Enfermagem, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Covid-19 and its impact on immunization programs: reflections from Brazil

Due to social distancing guidelines and the displacement of both human and material resources to fight the covid-19 pandemic, individuals seeking healthcare services face certain challenges. Immunization programs have already been a worrisome topic for health authorities due to declines in vaccine uptake rates and are now especially affected by the covid-19 pandemic. Disbelief in science, dissemination of fake news about vaccines, socioeconomic vulnerability and social inequality are some of the challenges faced. This commentary article discusses the impacts of the covid-19 pandemic on immunization programs in Brazil. In light of advances (and notability) of Brazil’s national immunization program, established in the 1970s, the programs face challenges, such as the recent drop in vaccine uptake rates. In addition to this health crisis, there is also Brazil’s current political crisis, which will undoubtedly require assistance from researchers, policymakers and society to be fixed

Hydrotherapy and the Swiss ball in labor: randomized clinical trial

Objective: To understand the influence of a warm bath and perineal exercise with the Swiss ball, in an isolated and combined manner, on the progression of labor. Methods: Randomized and controlled clinical trial, conducted from 2013 to 2014 in two public hospitals, with 128 women hospitalized for labor and delivery. The randomization allocated 44 parturients into the warm bath group, 45 into the Swiss ball group, and 39 into the warm bath with Swiss ball group. Results: The study showed a statistically significant increase in the frequency of uterine contractions with the isolated technique (p = 0.025) and associated Swiss ball use (p < 0.001), and a significant increase in fetal heart rate with isolated and associated warm bath use (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The association of the warm bath and Swiss ball was more effective for the progression of labor and vaginal delivery outcome when compared to the isolated use.Objetivo: Conhecer a influência do banho quente e exercício perineal com bola suíça, de forma isolada e combinada, sobre a progressão do trabalho de parto. Métodos: Ensaio clínico randomizado e controlado, realizado em dois hospitais públicos, no período de 2013 a 2014 com 128 mulheres internadas para assistência ao parto. A randomização aleatória alocou 44 parturientes no Grupo Banho Quente, 45 no Grupo Bola Suíça e 39 no Grupo Banho Quente e Bola Suíça associados. Resultados: A pesquisa mostrou aumento estatisticamente significante na frequência da contração uterina com uso isolado (p=0,025) e associado da bola suíça (p<0,001), um aumento também significante na frequência cardíaca fetal com uso isolado e associado do banho quente (p< 0,001). Conclusão: Associação do banho quente e bola suíça foi mais efetiva para a progressão do trabalho de parto e desfecho para o parto normal quando comparado com o seu uso isolado.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Escola Paulista Enfermagem, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilEscola Paulista de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, BrasilFAPESP: 2012/09040-2Web of Scienc

The obstetrical and newborn profile of postpartum women in maternities in São Paulo

Objective: To describe the sociodemographic and obstetric profile of postpartum women in São Paulo, to check the perinatal data and to identify the type of delivery. Method: A descriptive, cross-sectional study involving 424 postpartum women. Data was collected through structured interviews and medical records. We used descriptive statistics for analysis. Results: There was a predominance of women between 21 and 30 years (60,6%), mulatto (55,2%), high school education (65,8%), without payment (57,3%), with a partner ( 85,4%), primiparous (34,9%) and without previous abortion (78.8%). The vaginal delivery was performed in 58,3% of women. Most newborns were male (52,2%), with appropriate weight and height (89,5% and 80,7%), and na Apgar score between eight and ten in the first minutes of life (> 90,0%). Conclusion: There was a predominance of women with little education and unfavorable financial conditions, factors that hinder access to health services, contributing to increased maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality

Análisis de Alice para la enseñanza básica de la programación

Este trabajo presenta los primeros avances de una investigación orientada a presentar a los estudiantes avanzados del nivel medio e iniciales de carreras universitarias de Informática, una herramienta de desarrollo que los motive hacia el aprendizaje de la Programación en un entorno lúdico. Para ello, se estudia Alice desde dimensiones técnicas y pedagógicas. Alice es un entorno de programación innovador en 3D que permite crear sencillamente una animación, un juego interactivo o un video para compartir en la Web. La metodología aplicada a la fase 1, en la que se estudia la factibilidad operacional de Alice, consiste en desarrollar encuentros bajo modalidad de Taller con docentes de las cátedras de primer año y una pequeña muestra de alumnos que cursan de segundo a quinto año de carreras informáticas. Se realizan entrevistas a los participantes y se aplica una encuesta diferenciada entre docentes y estudiantes. Se presentan los resultados preliminares de esta fase, se describen los resultados de las encuestas y se interpretan los emergentes detectados en las entrevistas como fortalezas, debilidades, advertencias y alcances para la implementación de Alice en cursos universitarios iniciales.Red de Universidades con Carreras en Informática (RedUNCI

BIOPROCESS APPLIED TO THE TREATMENT OF RESIDUAL WATERS OF COFFEE WET PROCESSING FOR THE INCORPORATION OF SELECTED YEAST STRAINS

O objetivo deste trabalho foi isolar cepas de leveduras capazes de degradar a água de degomagem do beneficiamento úmido do café, caracterizando os metabólitos formados. A bebida preparada a partir de grãos tratados por via úmida é considerada de melhor qualidade quando comparada à elaborada com grãos tratados por via seca. No entanto, o alto potencial poluente da água residual do beneficiamento representa sério problema para o ambiente. A água de degomagem apresenta essencialmente contaminação orgânica, com taxas de demanda bioquímica de oxigênio (DBO) e demanda química de oxigênio (DQO) superiores a 20.000 mgO2/L. Candida tropicalis, C. lypolitica, C. guilliermondii, C. parapsilopsis, Kloeckera apiculata e Rhodotorula rubra, isoladas de cerejas de café, foram inoculadas em frascos contendo água de degomagem e esses, submetidos à agitação constante(120 rpm) por 48 horas, a 28oC. Candida parapsilopsis apresentou percentual de redução da taxa de DBO de 50,14% e de DQO de 29,81%, evidenciando a viabilidade do uso desses microrganismos como biodespoluentes. DESENVOLVIMENTO DE BIOPROCESSO APLICADO AO TRATAMENTO DE ÁGUAS RESIDUAIS DO BENEFICIAMENTO ÚMIDO DO CAFÉ PELA INCORPORAÇÃO DE LINHAGEM SELECIONADA DE LEVEDURAS Abstract The aim of the present work was to isolate yeast strains able to degrade the degumming water originated from the wet processing of coffee, characterizing the formed metabolites. The drink prepared from the treated grains by wet processing is considered of better quality when compared with the grains treated by dry process. However, the great polluent potential of the residual water from this processing represents serious concern for the environment. The degumming water essentially presents organic contamination, with Oxygen Biochemical Demand (OBD) and Oxygen Chemical Demand (OCD) rates superior to 20.000 mgO2/L. Candida tropicalis, C. lypolitica, C. guilliermondii, C. parapsilopsis, Kloeckera apiculata e Rhodotorula rubra, isolated from coffee cheeries were inoculated in flasks containing the degumming water and then submitted to constant agitation (120 rpm) for 48 hours at 28ºC. The isolated species revealed capacity to degrade the substrate, however C.parapsilopsis showed reduction percentages of OBD and OCD rates of 50.14% e 29.81%, respectivelly, showing the viability of the use of those microorganisms as biological depollutants

Relação entre vulvovaginite pré-natal e laceração perineal relacionada ao parto. = Relationship between antenatal vulvovaginitis and birth-related perineal tear.

Objetivo Determinar a relação entre vulvovaginite pré-natal e laceração perineal relacionada ao parto. Método Estudo transversal analítico com 100 puérperas ≥18 anos de idade que deram à luz por parto normal a um bebê único, vivo, a termo, em apresentação cefálica, em um centro de parto liderado por enfermeiras obstetras. Os dados foram coletados a partir da ficha de pré-natal e nascimento e por entrevista estruturada dos participantes. A distribuição das variáveis contínuas e categóricas de acordo com a ruptura perineal foi comparada com o teste t de Student, qui-quadrado e teste exato de Fisher. Para as variáveis significativamente associadas à ruptura perineal, foi estimado o Odds Ratio com modelos de regressão logística. Modelos de regressão múltipla foram ajustados para avaliar o efeito independente das variáveis. A significância estatística foi considerada com p<0,05. Resultado A média de idade das participantes foi de 23,1 anos, 16% dos trabalhos de parto foram induzidos com misoprostol, em 54% dos trabalhos de parto houve infusão de ocitocina sintética, 83% dos partos foram em posição de litotomia, 98% de manobra hands-on, 75% de laceração perineal, 54% de vulvovaginite pré-natal, média de peso ao nascer, circunferência cefálica e torácica dos recém-nascidos: 3,102g, 33,3cm e 32,2cm, respectivamente. Vulvovaginite pré-natal (p=0,005), peso ao nascer do recém-nascido (p=0,006) e perímetro cefálico (0,027) tiveram associação com a ruptura perineal. A análise múltipla mostrou que mulheres com vulvovaginite pré-natal tiveram uma chance de 4,6 (IC 95%: 1,712-14,125; p=0,004) de sustentar laceração perineal em comparação com aquelas sem vulvovaginite, independentemente do peso do recém-nascido (OR:1,182, IC 95%: 1,002-1,415; p=0,056) e do perímetro cefálico(OR: 1,160, IC 95%: 0,721-1892; p=0,544). Não houve associação entre o tratamento de vulvovaginite pré-natal e laceração perineal (p>0,999) ou vulvovaginite pré-natal e gravidade da laceração perineal (OR:1,061, IC 95%: 0,383-3,069; p=0,911). Conclusão Este estudo demonstrou associação entre laceração perineal no parto e vulvovaginite pré-natal. É necessário prevenir e tratar a vulvovaginite pré-natal e oferecer cuidados perineais adequados durante o parto às mulheres que tiveram vulvovaginite na gestação. = Objective: To determine the relationship between antenatal vulvovaginitis and birth-related perineal tear. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study with 100 postpartum women, ≥18 years of age, who gave birth vaginally to a single, live, full-term baby in cephalic presentation at a midwife-led birth center. Data were collected from the antenatal and birth record and by structured interview of participants. Distribution of continuous and categorical variables according to perineal tear were compared by using the Student’s T-test, Chi-square and Fisher Exact tests. For variables significantly associated with perineal tear, the Odds Ratio with logistic regression models was estimated. Multiple regression models were adjusted to evaluate the independent effect of variables. Statistical significance was considered at a level p<0.05. Results: mean of participants’ age 23.1 years, 16% labor induced with misoprostol, 54% synthetic oxytocin infusion in labor, 83% lithotomy birth position, 98% “hands on” maneuver, 75% perineal tear, 54% antenatal vulvovaginitis, mean of newborn birth weight, head and thoracic circumference: 3.102g, 33.3cm and 32.2cm, respectively. Antenatal vulvovaginitis (p=0.005) and newborn birth weight (p=0.006) and head circumference (0,027) were associated with perineal tear. The multiple analysis showed that women who had antenatal vulvovaginitis had a 4.6 (IC 95%:1.712-14.125; p=0.004) chance of sustaining perineal tear compared to those without vulvovaginitis, regardless of newborn birth weight (OR:1.182 IC 95%:1.002-1.415; p=0,056) and head circumference (OR:1.160 IC 95%: 0.721-1892; p=0.544). There was no association between treating antenatal vulvovaginitis and perineal tear (p>0,999) or antenatal vulvovaginitis and perineal tear severity (OR: 1.061 IC 95%: 0.383-3.069; p=0.911). Conclusion: This study demonstrates an associated risk between antenatal vulvovaginitis perineal injury. It is necessary to prevent and treat antenatal vulvovaginitis, and offer proper perineal care to women who have had antenatal vulvovaginitis during childbirth

Cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, and diabetes mortality burden of cardiometabolic risk factors from 1980 to 2010: A comparative risk assessment

Background: High blood pressure, blood glucose, serum cholesterol, and BMI are risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and some of these factors also increase the risk of chronic kidney disease and diabetes. We estimated mortality from cardiovascular diseases, chronic kidney disease, and diabetes that was attributable to these four cardiometabolic risk factors for all countries and regions from 1980 to 2010. Methods: We used data for exposure to risk factors by country, age group, and sex from pooled analyses of population-based health surveys. We obtained relative risks for the effects of risk factors on cause-specific mortality from meta-analyses of large prospective studies. We calculated the population attributable fractions for each risk factor alone, and for the combination of all risk factors, accounting for multicausality and for mediation of the effects of BMI by the other three risks. We calculated attributable deaths by multiplying the cause-specific population attributable fractions by the number of disease-specific deaths. We obtained cause-specific mortality from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors 2010 Study. We propagated the uncertainties of all the inputs to the final estimates. Findings: In 2010, high blood pressure was the leading risk factor for deaths due to cardiovascular diseases, chronic kidney disease, and diabetes in every region, causing more than 40% of worldwide deaths from these diseases; high BMI and glucose were each responsible for about 15% of deaths, and high cholesterol for more than 10%. After accounting for multicausality, 63% (10·8 million deaths, 95% CI 10·1-11·5) of deaths from these diseases in 2010 were attributable to the combined effect of these four metabolic risk factors, compared with 67% (7·1 million deaths, 6·6-7·6) in 1980. The mortality burden of high BMI and glucose nearly doubled from 1980 to 2010. At the country level, age-standardised death rates from these diseases attributable to the combined effects of these four risk factors surpassed 925 deaths per 100 000 for men in Belarus, Kazakhstan, and Mongolia, but were less than 130 deaths per 100 000 for women and less than 200 for men in some high-income countries including Australia, Canada, France, Japan, the Netherlands, Singapore, South Korea, and Spain. Interpretation: The salient features of the cardiometabolic disease and risk factor epidemic at the beginning of the 21st century are high blood pressure and an increasing effect of obesity and diabetes. The mortality burden of cardiometabolic risk factors has shifted from high-income to low-income and middle-income countries. Lowering cardiometabolic risks through dietary, behavioural, and pharmacological interventions should be a part of the global response to non-communicable diseases. Funding: UK Medical Research Council, US National Institutes of Health. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd