The influence of anthropometric factors on postural balance: the relationship between body composition and posturographic measurements in young adults

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of anthropometric characteristics and gender on postural balance in adults. One hundred individuals were examined (50 males, 50 females; age range 20-40 years). METHODS: The following body composition measurements were collected (using bone densitometry measurements): fat percentage (% fat), tissue (g), fat (g), lean mass (g), bone mineral content (g), and bone mineral density (g/cm2). In addition, the following anthropometric measurements were collected: body mass (kg), height (cm), length of the trunk-cephalic region (cm), length of the lower limbs (cm) and length of the upper limbs (cm). The following indices were calculated: body mass index (kg/m²), waist-hip ratio and the support base (cm²). Also, a postural balance test was performed using posturography variables with open and closed eyes. RESULTS: The analysis revealed poor correlations between postural balance and the anthropometric variables. A multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated that the whole group (female and male) height explained 12% of the medial-lateral displacement, 10% of the speed of oscillation, and 11% of the displacement area. The length of the trunk-cephalic length explained 6% of the displacement in the anteroposterior direction. With eyes closed, the support base and height explained 18% of the medial displacement, and the lateral height explained 10% of the displacement speed and 5% of the scroll area. CONCLUSION: Measured using posturography, the postural balance was only slightly influenced by the anthropometric variables, both with open and closed eyes. Height was the anthropometric variable that most influenced postural balance, both in the whole group and separately for each gender. Postural balance was more influenced by anthropometric factors in males than females

The extracurricular internship in international mobility: a Portuguese-Brazilian experience report

Os programas de mobilidade responsáveis pela mobilidade de um maior número de estudantes para o Instituto Politécnico de Bragança são a Mobilidade Erasmus e Mobilidade Extracomunitária (ou Mobilidade Internacional). A mobilidade internacional de estudantes permite a realização de um período de mobilidade em Institutos de Ensino Superior de países de expressão portuguesa e extracomunitários. Pode ser realizada em ciclos de estudos como licenciatura e mestrado, para frequência de unidades curriculares, realização de estágios extracurriculares e profissionais, entre outros. O presente trabalho relata uma experiência de estudantes e orientadores no âmbito do seu estágio extracurricular que correspondeu a seis ECTS (Sistema Europeu de Transferência e Acumulação de Créditos), no primeiro semestre do ano de 2021-2022, no Centro de Investigação em Educação Básica do IPB, Portugal. Participaram deste tipo de estágio dois alunos brasileiros em mobilidade no período de outubro/2021 a fevereiro/2022 e dois professores orientadores. O estágio compreendeu um projeto de investigação na área de licenciatura dos alunos, a saber: (i) Metodologias Ativas e as Tecnologias Digitais na Aprendizagem (revisão sistemática de trabalhos publicados nesta temática com vista a verificar as potencialidades do uso das tecnologias digitais para suportar as metodologias ativas usadas no processo de aprendizagem do aluno); e (ii) O currículo da área de Ciências da Natureza no Brasil e Portugal no Ensino Básico (estudo comparativo entre os conteúdos de Ciências da Natureza dos anos finais do Ensino Fundamental (7o, 8o e 9o), presentes na Base Nacional Comum Curricular do Brasil, e dos conteúdos das Ciências Naturais do 3o Ciclo do Ensino Básico Português, presentes nas Aprendizagens Essenciais da Direção Geral da Educação Portuguesa). A operacionalização da orientação foi feita por recursos digitais de comunicação e colaboração, especificamente na plataforma ZOOM Colibri, para as reuniões de orientações semanais e no aplicativo Documentos da Google, para o desenvolvimento do projeto. Os procedimentos orientados durante o estágio promoveram a participação ativa dos alunos e o desenvolvimento de competências para aprender a aprender, colaborar, ter autonomia e iniciativa pessoal, competências cognitivas, digitais e interpessoais. Como resultado, cada um dos alunos produziu o seu relatório de estágio e o correspondente artigo científico, incluindo a investigação realizada para futura comunicação em Conferência Científica.The mobility programs responsible for the mobility of a greater number of students to the Polytechnic Institute of Bragança are Erasmus Mobility and Extra-Community Mobility (or International Mobility). International student mobility allows mobility for a specific period in Higher Education Institutes in Portuguese-speaking and non-EU countries. It can be carried out in cycles of studies such as bachelor's and master's degrees, for attendance of curricular units, extracurricular and professional internships, among others. The present work reports an experience of students and supervisors within the scope of their extracurricular internship that corresponded to six ECTS (European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System), in the first semester of the 2021-2022 academic year, at the Research Center in Basic Education of the IPB, Portugal. Two Brazilian mobility students participated in this type of internship from October/2021 to February/2022 and two mentor teachers. The internship comprised a research project in the students' degree area, namely: (i) Active Methodologies and Digital Technologies in Learning (systematic review of published works on this topic in order to verify the potential of the use of digital technologies to support the active methodologies used in the student's learning process); and (ii) The curriculum in the area of Natural Sciences in Brazil and Portugal in Basic Education (comparative study between the contents of Natural Sciences in the final years of Elementary School (7th, 8th and 9th), present in the National Common Curricular Base in Brazil, and in the contents of the Natural Sciences of the 3rd Cycle of Portuguese Basic Education, present in the Essential Learnings of the General Directorate of Portuguese Education). The operationalization of the orientation was done by digital resources of communication and collaboration, specifically in the ZOOM Colibri platform, for the weekly orientation meetings and in the Google Documents application, for the development of the project. The guided procedures during the internship promoted the active participation of students and the development of skills to learn to learn, collaborate, have autonomy and personal initiative, cognitive, digital and interpersonal skills. As a result, each of the students produced their internship report and the corresponding scientific article, including the research carried out for future communication at a Scientific Conference.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Modelagem de cana de açúcar para previsão de produtividade de canaviais no Brasil e na Austrália

Un modelo de previsión del rendimiento potencial de la productividad, sin restricciones de la nutrición y el agua, para la cultura de caña de azúcar ha sido construido para analizar la sostenibilidad de la nueva ampliación de zonas de cultivo, con el foco en la producción de etanol. Fueran ajustados los valores del rendimiento potencial en términos de masa seca (MS) de la caña de azúcar para estimar la absorción del dióxido de carbono (CO2), en relación con la temperatura del aire y la radiación solar. Son estimados mensualmente la producción de MS, durante el ciclo de cultivo. La MS debe considerar una tasa fotosintética con pierdas por la manutención de la respiración, la senescencia de hojas y sierpes que restarán en el campo durante el ciclo. El modelo BRCANE es compuesto por las ecuaciones que describen el comportamiento fisiológico debido a las condiciones del ambiente térmico promedio de las variables, constantes, que se obtuvo a través de la literatura y ajusta los resultados de acuerdo con los datos experimentales. El MS estimado por el modelo se contrasta con los datos obtenidos en el ciclo de experimentación sobre el terreno de regadío (variedades RB72 454, NA 56-79, CB 41-76, CB 47-355, CP 51-22, Q138 y Q141), en El Estado de São Paulo (Brasil) y en Bundaberg SES, de Queensland (Australia). Los resultados del total de MS se modificaron en el tallo de toneladas por hectárea a través de ecuación linear para cada variedad, con coeficientes de regresión superiores a 0,88. El modelo se presentó coherente con las simulaciones MS durante el ciclo, así como en la predicción del rendimiento.A model of sugarcane was constructed to predict the potential yield (without nutrition and water restrictions) to analyze the sustainability of new expanded cultivation areas to the ethanol production. The potential yield in terms of dry matter of sugarcane was adjusted to estimate the carbon dioxide absorption (CO2), AS C4 plant, in relation with air temperature and solar radiation to calculate a monthly production of dry mass (DM), during the crop cycle. The DM take in account a gross photosynthetic rate subtracting loses by maintenance respiration, senescence of leafs and tillers during the cycle. The BRCANE model is composed by equations which describe the physiological behaviour due to environment conditions averaging the thermal variables, which constants was obtained through adjusts of literature results with experimental data. The estimated DM by the model was contrasted with data which obtained during the cycle from experimental irrigated field (varieties RB72 454, NA 56-79, CB 41- 76, CB 47-355, CP 51-22, Q138 and Q141), in the São Paulo State (Brazil) and in Bundaberg SES, Queensland (Australia). The results of total DM were modified in stalk tons per hectare through linear equation for each variety, with regression coefficients higher than 0,88. The model showed consistent simulations with DM during the CROP cycle, as well as in the prediction of yield.Sociedad Argentina de Informática e Investigación Operativ

Using Grasses Morphogenetic Variables for Natural Grassland Grazing Management

In a perspective of ecologically sustainable agriculture, culturally accepted and economically feasible, natural pastures fits as one of the best options for Southern Brazil region. This study assessed the feasibility of rearing beef heifers from 12 to 18 months of age in natural pasture during its growing season (173 days). We evaluated two rest intervals in a natural pasture managed under rotational grazing. Intervals were defined based on the average thermal sum (degree-days) that fits to leaf expansion duration (average of two leaves) of native species of two grasses functional groups, according to Cruz et al. (2010). Only grasses were included in these groups considering their contribution above 65% of forage mass and also their ranking on two functional traits, specific leaf area and leaf dry matter content as reported by the above authors. One group was called resources’ capture functional group, favoring prostrate species with fast biomass accumulation (e.g. Axonopus affinis, Paspalum notatum) and the other resources’ conservation group, favoring tufted species efficient in conserving soil nutrients with higger standing biomass but lower accumulation rate (e.g. Aristida laevis, Saccharum angustifolium). The trial aims to incorporate a functional approach into management schedules for increasing grazing efficiency of natural grasslands production without losses in its biodiversity

Physiology Responses and Players' Stay on the Court During a Futsal Match: A Case Study With Professional Players

Physiological responses in futsal have not been studied together with temporal information about the players' stay on the court. The aim of this study was to compare heart rate (HR) and blood lactate concentration ([La-]) responses between 1-H and 2-H considering the time of permanency of the players on the court at each substitution in a futsal match. HR was recorded during entire match and [La-] was analyzed after each substitution of seven players. %HRmean (89.61 ± 2.31 vs. 88.03 ± 4.98 %HRmax) and [La-] mean (8.46 ± 3.01 vs. 8.17 ± 2.91 mmol·L-1) did not differ between 1-H and 2-H (ES, trivial-small). Time in intensity zones of 50-100 %HRmax differed only in 60-70 %HRmax (ES, moderate). HR coefficient of variation throughout the match was low (7%) and among the four outfield players on the court (quartets, 5%). Substitutions (2 player's participation in each half), time of permanence on the court (7.15 ± 2.39 vs. 9.49 ± 3.80 min), ratio between time in- and out-ratio on the court (In:Outcourt = 1:1.30 ± 1:0.48 vs. 1:1.05 ± 1:0.55 min) also were similar between 1-H and 2-H (ES, moderate and small, respectively). Balancing the number of substitutions, and the In:Outcourt ratio of players in both halves of the match, playing lower time at 1-H, ~8 min for each participation in the match, made it possible to maintain intensity of the match in 2-H similar to the 1H. These results are a good guidance to coaches and for application in future studies

ANÁLISE DE CUSTOS, RECEITAS E PONTO DE EQUILÍBRIO DOS SISTEMAS DE PRODUÇÃO DE BEZERROS NO RIO GRANDE DO SUL

O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar a avaliação da viabilidade econômica de um modelo tradicional de produção de bezerros de corte em sistema extensivo, desenvolvido nas condições de receitas obtidas e gastos de insumos recomendados para as condições de produção normais no estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Foram realizadas duas entrevistas em propriedade rurais para coleta de dados referentes aos gastos de recursos, estruturas disponíveis para o sistema de produção e taxas de ocupação das áreas de pastejo. Os resultados mostraram que os principais custos operacionais da atividade foram a mão de obra e a alimentação do rebanho. Nos custos de oportunidade a terra representou a maior proporção (52,0%) do custo total. Os custos fixos foram maiores do que os custos variáveis (61,7% vs 38,3%). As margens bruta e líquida indicaram que a atividade é sustentável, mas economicamente o ponto de equilíbrio de natalidade (85,0%) esteve acima dos índices médios relatados pela literatura, e valores negativos para rentabilidade (-19,0%) e lucratividade (-23,2%). Concluiu-se que a viabilidade dos sistemas de produção estudados nesta pesquisa podem ser obtidos a partir da otimização de tecnologias de produção ou a redução dos custos fixos sem alterar as receitas. Palavras-chave: bovinos de corte, custos de produção, natalidade, rentabilidade

ANALYSIS OF COSTS, REVENUES AND EQUILIBRIUM POINT OF THE CALVES PRODUCTION SYSTEMS IN RIO GRANDE DO SUL STATE

The aim of this study was the evaluation of the economic viability of a traditional model of beef calves production in extensive system, developed under the conditions of relevant receipts and input costs recommended for normal production conditions in the of Rio Grande do Sul state. There were two interviews in rural property for collection of data on the expenditure of resources, structures available for the system of production and occupancy rates of grazing areas. The results showed that major operating costs of the activity were the manpower and feeding the flock. In the land opportunity costs represented the largest proportion (52.0%) of the total cost. Fixed costs were higher variable costs (61.7% vs. 38.3%). Gross and net margins showed that the activity is sustainable but economically equilibrium point of calving (85.0%) was above average rates reported in the literature, and negative values for profitability (-19.0%) and profitability (-23.2%). It was concluded that the viability of production systems studied in this research can be obtained from the optimization of production technologies and the reduction of fixed costs without changing the recipes. Key words: beef cattle, production costs, balance point, profitability

DESEMPENHO DE FRANGOS DE CORTE CRIADOS EM AVIÁRIO CONVENCIONAL E DARK-HOUSE

A avicultura brasileira é uma das mais desenvolvidas do mundo, contudo, com o expressivo crescimento e o progresso científico, são necessários estudos sobre técnicas de alojamento e ambiência para criação das aves. Um aviário deverá garantir um ambiente confortável para as aves, garantindo os altos índices de produtividade. Neste contexto, buscando transpor os desafios da ambiência, tem se adotado a construção dos aviários Dark-House com cortinas e do tipo “solid wall”, que propiciam um maior controle do ambiente de criação e maior desempenho das aves. O objetivo desse trabalho foi estudar e comparar o desempenho de frangos de corte criados em aviários convencionais, Dark-House com cortina e Dark-House com parede de alvenaria - “solid wall”. Foram acompanhadas seis criadas de frangos de corte em 15 aviários comerciais, sendo 5 convencionais,  5 Dark-House com cortinas e 5 Dark-House  “solid wall”. A linhagem e o manejo alimentar não diferiram entre as criadas. Foram coletados os dados de ganho de peso diário, peso ao abate, idade ao abate, conversão alimentar e taxa de mortalidade. Os dados evidenciaram que a criação de frango de corte em aviários que empregam o sistema Dark-House “solid wall”, resultou em índices zootécnicos superiores (P<0,05) aos aviários convencionais, porém, não diferiu dos aviários Dark-House com cortina. Estes dados reforçam que estudos que avaliam o desempenho das aves em diferentes tipos de aviários são fundamentais para fortalecer a cadeia produtiva avícola

Venenos e toxinas ofídicas purificadas como ferramenta biotecnológica para o controle de Ralstonia solanacearum

The objective of this work was to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial activity of snake venoms and purified toxins on the phytopathogenic bacterium Ralstonia solanacearum. The evaluations were performed with 17 crude venoms (13 from Bothrops, 3 from Crotalus, and 1 from Lachesis) and seven toxins (1 from Bothrops and 6 from Crotalus). Antibacterial activity was assessed in MB1 medium containing solubilized treatments (1 μL mL‑1). A total of 100 μL bacterial suspension (8.4 x 109 CFU mL-1) was used. After incubation at 28°C, the number of bacterial colonies at 24, 48, and 72 hours after inoculation was evaluated. SDS-PAGE gel at 15% was used to analyze the protein patterns of the samples, using 5 μg protein of each sample in the assay. Furthermore, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and lethal concentration (LC50) values were determined by the Probit method. Venoms and toxins were able to reduce more than 90% of R. solanacearum growth. These results were either equivalent to those of the positive control chloramphenicol or even better. While MIC values ranged from 4.0 to 271.5 µg mL-1, LC50 ranged from 28.5 µg mL-1 to 4.38 mg mL-1. Ten crude venoms (7 from Bothrops and 3 from Crotalus) and two purified toxins (gyroxin and crotamine) are promising approaches to control the phytopathogenic bacterium R. solanacearum.O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a atividade antibacteriana in vitro de venenos e toxinas purificadas de serpentes sobre a bactéria fitopatogênica Ralstonia solanacearum. As avaliações foram realizadas em 17 venenos brutos (13 de Bothrops, 3 de Crotalus e 1 de Lachesis) e sete toxinas (1 de Bothrops e 6 de Crotalus). A atividade antibacteriana foi avaliada em meio MB1 que continha os tratamentos solubilizados (1 μL mL-1). Utilizou-se o total de 100 μL de suspensão bacteriana (8,4 x 109 UFC mL-1). Após incubação a 28°C, avaliou-se o número de colônias bacterianas às 24, 48 e 72 horas após a inoculação. O gel SDS-PAGE a 15% foi usado para analisar o perfil proteico das amostras, tendo-se utilizado 5 μg de proteína no ensaio. Além disso, os valores de concentração inibitória mínima (CIM) e concentração letal (CL50) foram determinados pelo método Probit. Os venenos e as toxinas foram capazes de reduzir mais de 90% do crescimento de R. solanacearum. Esses resultados foram ou equivalentes aos do controle positivo cloranfenicol ou até melhores. Enquanto os valores de CIM variaram de 4,0 a 271,5 µg mL-1, a CL50 variou de 28,5 µg mL-1 a 4,38 mg mL-1. Dez venenos brutos (7 de Bothrops e 3 de Crotalus) e duas toxinas (giroxina e crotamina) são abordagens promissoras para o controle da bactéria fitopatogênica R. solanacearum

Biodiversidade, população e economia: uma região de mata atlântica [Biodiversity, Population, and Economy: a region of atlantic forest]

Minas Gerais; Rio Doce; mata atlântica; atlantic forest; sustainable development; conservation; regional development; environment