91 research outputs found
Identification of Pre-frailty Sub-Phenotypes in Elderly Using Metabolomics
Aging is a dynamic process depending on intrinsic and extrinsic factors and its evolution is a continuum of transitions, involving multifaceted processes at multiple levels. It is recognized that frailty and sarcopenia are shared by the major age-related diseases thus contributing to elderly morbidity and mortality. Pre-frailty is still not well understood but it has been associated with global imbalance in several physiological systems, including inflammation, and in nutrition. Due to the complex phenotypes and underlying pathophysiology, the need for robust and multidimensional biomarkers is essential to move toward more personalized care. The objective of the present study was to better characterize the complexity of pre-frailty phenotype using untargeted metabolomics, in order to identify specific biomarkers, and study their stability over time. The approach was based on the NU-AGE project (clinicaltrials.gov, NCT01754012) that regrouped 1,250 free-living elderly people (65–79 y.o., men and women), free of major diseases, recruited within five European centers. Half of the volunteers were randomly assigned to an intervention group (1-year Mediterranean type diet). Presence of frailty was assessed by the criteria proposed by Fried et al. (2001). In this study, a sub-cohort consisting in 212 subjects (pre-frail and non-frail) from the Italian and Polish centers were selected for untargeted serum metabolomics at T0 (baseline) and T1 (follow-up). Univariate statistical analyses were performed to identify discriminant metabolites regarding pre-frailty status. Predictive models were then built using linear logistic regression and ROC curve analyses were used to evaluate multivariate models. Metabolomics enabled to discriminate sub-phenotypes of pre-frailty both at the gender level and depending on the pre-frailty progression and reversibility. The best resulting models included four different metabolites for each gender. They showed very good prediction capacity with AUCs of 0.93 (95% CI = 0.87–1) and 0.94 (95% CI = 0.87–1) for men and women, respectively. Additionally, early and/or predictive markers of pre-frailty were identified for both genders and the gender specific models showed also good performance (three metabolites; AUC = 0.82; 95% CI = 0.72–0.93) for men and very good for women (three metabolites; AUC = 0.92; 95% CI = 0.86–0.99). These results open the door, through multivariate strategies, to a possibility of monitoring the disease progression over time at a very early stage
Babesia divergens–like Infection, Washington State
Most reported U.S. zoonotic cases of babesiosis have occurred in the Northeast and been caused by Babesia microti. In Washington State, three cases of babesiosis have been reported previously, which were caused by WA1 (for “Washington 1”)-type parasites. We investigated a case of babesiosis in Washington in an 82–year-old man whose spleen had been removed and whose parasitemia level was 41.4%. The complete 18S ribosomal RNA gene of the parasite was amplified from specimens of his whole blood by polymerase chain reaction. Phylogenetic analysis showed the parasite is most closely related, but not identical, to B. divergens (similarity score, 99.5%), a bovine parasite in Europe. By indirect fluorescent-antibody testing, his serum reacted to B. divergens but not to B. microti or WA1 antigens. This case demonstrates that babesiosis can be caused by novel parasites detectable by manual examination of blood smears but not by serologic or molecular testing for B. microti or WA1-type parasites
Secretory carcinoma of the salivary gland, a rare entity : An international multi-institutional study
Background: Secretory carcinoma (SC) of the salivary gland is a rare entity with limited published literature on cytomorphology. The authors present the largest cohort to date of SC fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cases. Methods: FNA cases of histologically confirmed SC were retrospectively retrieved from 12 academic institutions in the United States, Italy, Finland, and Brazil. The collated data included patient demographics, imaging findings, cytopathologic diagnoses according to the Milan System for Reporting Salivary Gland Cytopathology, cytomorphologic characteristics, and immunohistochemical/molecular profiles. Results: In total, 40 SCs were identified (male-to-female ratio, 14:26) in patients with a mean age of 52 years (age range, 13-80 years). Ultrasound imagining revealed a hypoechoic, ovoid, poorly defined, or lobulated mass. The most common primary site was the parotid gland (30 of 40 tumors). Regional lymph node metastasis (9 patients) and distant metastasis (4 patients; brain, liver, lungs, and mediastinum) were noted. Two patients died of disease. FNA smears were cellular and demonstrated mainly large, round cells with intracytoplasmic vacuoles or granules and round-to-oval nuclei with smooth nuclear contour, minimal irregularities, and prominent nucleoli arranged predominantly in clusters, papillary formations, and single cells. The background was variable and contained inflammatory cells, mucin, or proteinaceous material. The diagnoses were malignant (19 of 38 tumors; 50%), suspicious for malignancy (10 of 38 tumors; 26%), salivary gland neoplasm of uncertain malignant potential (7 of 38 tumors; 18%), and atypia of undetermined significance (2 of 38 tumors; 6%) according to the Milan System for Reporting Salivary Gland Cytopathology. Two malignant cases (2 of 40 tumors; 5%) were metastases. The neoplastic cells were immunoreactive for S100 (23 of 24 tumors), mammaglobin (18 of 18 tumors), GATA-3 (13 of 13 tumors), AE1/AE3 (7 of 7 tumors), and vimentin (6 of 6 tumors). ETV6-NTRK3 fusion was detected in 32 of 33 tumors by fluorescence in situ hybridization (n = 32) and next-generation sequencing (n = 1). Conclusions: Familiarity with cytomorphologic features and the immunohistochemical/molecular profile of SC can enhance diagnostic accuracy.publishedVersionPeer reviewe
RNAi-mediated suppression of isoprene emission in poplar transiently impacts phenolic metabolism under high temperature and high light intensities: a transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis
In plants, isoprene plays a dual role: (a) as thermo-protective agent proposed to prevent degradation of enzymes/membrane structures involved in photosynthesis, and (b) as reactive molecule reducing abiotic oxidative stress. The present work addresses the question whether suppression of isoprene emission interferes with genome wide transcription rates and metabolite fluxes in grey poplar (Populusxcanescens) throughout the growing season. Gene expression and metabolite profiles of isoprene emitting wild type plants and RNAi-mediated non-isoprene emitting poplars were compared by using poplar Affymetrix microarrays and non-targeted FT-ICR-MS (Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry). We observed a transcriptional down-regulation of genes encoding enzymes of phenylpropanoid regulatory and biosynthetic pathways, as well as distinct metabolic down-regulation of condensed tannins and anthocyanins, in non-isoprene emitting genotypes during July, when high temperature and light intensities possibly caused transient drought stress, as indicated by stomatal closure. Under these conditions leaves of non-isoprene emitting plants accumulated hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a signaling molecule in stress response and negative regulator of anthocyanin biosynthesis. The absence of isoprene emission under high temperature and light stress resulted transiently in a new chemo(pheno)type with suppressed production of phenolic compounds. This may compromise inducible defenses and may render non-isoprene emitting poplars more susceptible to environmental stress
Type 2 Diabetes Variants Disrupt Function of SLC16A11 through Two Distinct Mechanisms
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) affects Latinos at twice the rate seen in populations of European descent. We recently identified a risk haplotype spanning SLC16A11 that explains ∼20% of the increased T2D prevalence in Mexico. Here, through genetic fine-mapping, we define a set of tightly linked variants likely to contain the causal allele(s). We show that variants on the T2D-associated haplotype have two distinct effects: (1) decreasing SLC16A11 expression in liver and (2) disrupting a key interaction with basigin, thereby reducing cell-surface localization. Both independent mechanisms reduce SLC16A11 function and suggest SLC16A11 is the causal gene at this locus. To gain insight into how SLC16A11 disruption impacts T2D risk, we demonstrate that SLC16A11 is a proton-coupled monocarboxylate transporter and that genetic perturbation of SLC16A11 induces changes in fatty acid and lipid metabolism that are associated with increased T2D risk. Our findings suggest that increasing SLC16A11 function could be therapeutically beneficial for T2D. Video Abstract [Figure presented] Keywords: type 2 diabetes (T2D); genetics; disease mechanism; SLC16A11; MCT11; solute carrier (SLC); monocarboxylates; fatty acid metabolism; lipid metabolism; precision medicin
I Congresso Ibero-Americano de Bibliotecas Escolares
Actas de la primera edición del I Congreso Iberoamericano de Bibliotecas Escolares, CIBES 2015, organizado por la Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (España), la Universidad Estatal Paulista (Brasil) y el Ayuntamiento de Getafe (España). Celebrado: 21 - 23 de octubre de 2015 en la Universidad Estatal Paulista (Marília) y 26 - 28 de octubre de 2015 en la Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (Getafe)Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (España)Universidad Estatal Paulista (Brasil)Ayuntamiento de Getafe (España)Dimensiones y visiones de la biblioteca escolar en una Educación por competencias: la
necesidad de una política estratégica / Miguel Ángel Marzal. -- Getafe ciudad educadora,
lectora y escritora: Bibliotecas escolares / Lourdes Muñoz Santiuste. -- Presente y
futuro: biblioteca escolar-CREA y proyectos interdisciplinares / Rosa Piquín. -- Cultura
en información: un reto esencial de la biblioteca escolar / Mónica Baró. -- Bibliotecas
escolares de Galicia: un mundo de oportunidades a favor de la Educación / Cristina Novoa.
-- 10 años de la Red de Bibliotecas Escolares de Extremadura (REBEX) / Casildo Macías
Pereira. -- Biblioteca Escolar y uso ético de la información para una Cultura de Paz / Ana
Barrero Tíscar. -- Dinamización de la Biblioteca Escolar Plumita durante el curso escolar
2014/15 / María Antonia Cano Cañada. -- Experiencia de la creación de una biblioteca
escolar / Susana Santos Martín. -- Grupo cooperativo Bibliotecas escolares en Red-Albacete
/ José Manuel Garrido Argandoña y Eva Leal Scasso. -- La BCREA "Juan Leiva". El fomento de
la lectura desde la web social / Andrés Pulido Villar. -- Proceso de implantación de una
herramienta de autoevaluación en la red de bibliotecas escolares de Extremadura (REBEX) /
Casildo Macías Pereira. -- La biblioteca escolar: abriendo fronteras / Lorena Verónica
Cabrera Orellana. -- O programa RBE e a avaliaçao das bibliotecas escolares: melhoria,
desenvolvimiento e innovaçao / Elsa Conde. -- Profesional de Biblioteconomía y
Documentación: esencial en la plantilla de la escuela / Pilar del Campo Puerta. -- Una
mirada activa al proceso educativo desde la biblioteca escolar / María Jesús Fontela
Fernández . -- Con otra mirada "La ilustración como vehículo de comunicación y aprendizaje
en las bibliotecas escolares" / Pablo Jurado Sánchez-Galán. -- Fingertips. Recriar a
biblioteca escolar na sala de aula / Rui Alfonso Mateus. -- Hablemos de libros. Cómo
transformar una clase de literatura en una comunidad de interpretación de textos /
Francisco César Díaz Rey. -- Inclusión social de familias inmigrantes a través de un
programa de aprendizaje de la lengua castellana / Ana Carmen Tolino Fernández-Henarejos.
-- O desenvolvimento de atividades de mediação de leitura em biblioteca escolar: o caso da
biblioteca da Escola Sesc de Ensino Médio / Vagner Amaro. -- La biblioteca escolar.
Proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de padres a hijos / Ana Carmen Tolino Fernández-
Henarejos. -- Leo con y para los demás / Ismael Fernández Fernández, Ana María Moreno
Vicente y Ana Beatriz Vicente Pérez. -- Nanas y arrullo. Poesía a la deriva / Bernardo
Fuentes Navarrete y Carlos García-Romeral Pérez. -- Gestión y evaluación de servicios
bibliotecarios para personas con dislexia: una biblioteca escolar inclusiva desde una
perspectiva internacional / Carmen Jorge García-Reyes. -- Sueños lectores compartidos
hechos realidad: la biblioteca escolar del C.E.I.P-S.E.S-A.A “LA PAZ” de Albacete / Ana
Rosa Cabañero Tobarra, Juan Manuel Herráez, Eva Leal Scasso, María Marín Sánchez, Ana
Belén Medrano Martínez y María José Nortes Ruipérez. -- El programa biblioteca escuela en
Civican. La literatura como elemento motivador para la alfabetización informacional /
Villar Arellano Yanguas. -- La competencia digital en el diseño curricular: desde la
biblioteca al aula / Felicidad Campal García. -- O deselvomimento da pesquisa escolar por
meio da competência em informaçao / Luciane de Fátima Cavalcante Beckman y Marta Leandro
da Mata. -- Proyecto escolar de investigación documental "Te pillé leyendo" / José Manuel
Garrido Argandoña. -- Aprender com a Biblioteca Escolar: formar para as literacias / Paula
Correia y Isabel Mendinhos. -- Sucedió en el siglo XX / María Antonia Becerra Montalbán,
Ángel Bernabé Muñoz y Sofía Vaz Romero. -- El Club de lectura en la nube / Belén Benito
Blázquez y Ana Ordás García. -- Promover a leitura e a escrita na era digital:
prácticas nas bibliotecas escolares / María Raquel Ramos. -- A biblioteca escolar e o
desafío da interculturalidade: o projeto Ser + cidadao / María da Conceição Tomé. --
Cuando la competencia digital encontró a la alfabetización informacional o Mucho ruido y
pocas nueces / Felicidad Campal García. -- Hora de ler, un programa para el fomento de la
lectura en contexto educativo / Cristina Novoa. -- Hábitos de lectura para las
competencias en información y alfabetización en información en bibliotecas escolares de
Puerto Rico / Karen Denise Centeno Casillas. -- Repositorios digitales en las bibliotecas
escolares andaluzas: situación, modelos y herramientas para su creación / Dolores Olmos
Olmos y Andrés Pulido Villar. -- Trabajando las competencias clave con las aventuras de
Mozarito en Extremadura / María Teresa Carballosa González y María Esther Nieto Vidal. --
Análisis de modelos de evaluación de la web de la biblioteca escolar / Raúl Cremades
García. -- Emociónate con las historias: El bosque de las emociones e historias con mucho
teatro / Esther Luis Pérez y Ana María Peromingo Fernández. -- Biblioteca escolar de
innovación y continuación / E. María Guerrero Palacios y Silvia Mora Ramírez. -- Uso de
estándares y licencias para la creación y difusión de contenidos en las bibliotecas
escolares / José Luis Barreiro Cebey. -- La biblioteca escolar digital móvil / Javier
Fernández Delgado. -- Uso de aplicaciones móviles para el desarrollo de
la competencia lingüística. Proyecto Hansel App Gretel / Dolores Olmos Olmos. -- A memória
e a mediação segundo Vigotski / Leda Maria Araújo, Patricia Celia Santana, Sueli Bortolin
y Leticia Gorri Molina. -- Bibliotecas escolares como tema de estudo dos alunos de
graduação em blioteconomia do Instituto de Ensino Superior da FUNLEC: estado da arte /
Tiago Pereira Nocera y Rodrigo Pereira. -- Ações de mediação da leitura e da informação
em bibliotecas escolares: um olhar sobre as bibliotecas dos Colégios de Aplicação /
Tatyanne Christina Gonçalves Ferreira Valdez y Alberto Calil Júnior. -- Mediação
pedagógica numa biblioteca de escola pública em Londrina / Rovilson José da Silva, Teba
Silva Yllana y Sueli Bortolin. -- Utilização de categorias por cores em sistema de
biblioteca voltado ao público infanto-juvenil / Liliana Giusti Serra. -- Atividades de
ensino dos atos de leitura com crianças em risco social / Adriana Naomi Fukushima da Silva
y Dagoberto Buim Arena. -- Biblioteca escolar: espaço de significados entre
alunos, professores e bibliotecários / Rodrigo Barbosa Paulo, Marisa Xavier, Helen Castro
Casarin y Creuza Barbaroto. -- A Biblioteca Escolar no Contexto da Legislação e
do Processo Educativo / Eliane Lourdes da Silva Moro, Francisca Rosaline Leite Mota y
Raimundo Martins de Lima. -- O jornal impresso como fonte de informação: a importância da
formação de leitores críticos / Mariana Pícaro Cerigatto. -- Bibliotecas escolares no
estado do Rio Grande do Sul: a trajetória de realização dos fóruns gaúchos pela melhoria
das bibliotecas escolares / Eliane Lourdes da Silva Moro y Lizandra Brasil Estabel. -- O
acesso à informação dos usuários surdos na biblioteca escolar / André Luís Onório
Coneglian y Mayara Melo Santana. -- Aprendizagem coletiva de bibliotecários e a
competência de pesquisa dos docentes: o caso do Instituto Federal do Espírito Santo /
Maristela Almeida Mercandeli Rodrigues y Beatriz Quiroz Villardi. -- Biblioteca escolar:
atores, parâmetros e competências / Mavi Galante Mancera Dall´Acqua Carvalho y Claudio
Marcondes de Castro Filho. -- Estratégias de aprendizagem de escrita no
Ensino Fundamental II / Érika Christina Kohle. -- Bebês e livros: leitura nas bebetecas.
Kenia Adriana de Aquino Modesto Silva, Juliane Francischeti Martins Motoyama y Renata
Junqueira de Souza. -- Práticas alternativas para organização de acervos nos espaços de
leitura em ambientes escolares / Luciana Souza Gracioso, Ariovaldo Alves,
Débora Nascimento, Suelen Redondo, Tainara Torika Kiri de Castro, Elizabete Angelon y
Eduardo Barbosa. -- Reflexões sobre a modelagem e criação de uma Rede Virtual de Leitores
para Bibliotecas Escolares / Carla Floriana Martins y Raoni Guerra Rajão. -- Biblioteca
escolar: espaço de formação leitora? / Silvana Ferreira de Souza Balsan y Renata
Junqueira de Souza. -- “Se a Biblioteca Escolar é minha mãe, o Google é meu pai”:
representações da relação entre Biblioteca Escolar e Google no imaginário de
alunos do ensino técnico / Adriana Bogliolo Sirihal-Duarte, Maria L. Amorim Antunes y
Raquel Miranda Vilela Paiva. -- Desafios e propostas para a universalização das
bibliotecas escolares no Brasil e na Espanha / Rodrigo Pereira, Daniela Spudeit y Fernanda
de Sales. -- Bibliotecário educador: possibilidades de atuação no contexto da biblioteca
escolar / André Carlos da Silva, Valéria Martin Valls y Mariana de Paula Silva. -- Uma ONG
para Bibliotecas Escolares : estratégia para ampliar a igualdade e capacidade de acesso
e uso da informação e educação escolar de qualidade / Suelen Camilo Ferreira y Luciana de
Souza Gracioso. -- O aluno com deficência: o papel do bibliotecário na disponibilidade de
recursos acessíveis na biblioteca escolar / Adriano de Sales Coelho, Rosilene de Melo
Oliveira y Marcos Pastana Santos. -- Biblioteca digital virtual e o uso do tablete: uma
possibilidade de construção de novas práticas de leitura na escola / Barbara Cibelli da
Silva Monteagudo y Dagoberto Buim Arena. -- A importância da biblioteca na educação de
crianças de 0 a 3 anos / Yngrid Karolline Mendonça Costa y Cyntia Graziella Guizelim
Simões Girotto. -- Comportamento Informacional de adolescentes: a relação com bibliotecas
e escolas / Nelson Sebastian Silva-Jerez y Helen de Castro S. Casarin
Primary Liver Cancers, Part 2: Progression Pathways and Carcinogenesis
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and primary intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) have been increasing in incidence worldwide and are leading causes of cancer death. Studies of the molecular alterations leading to these carcinomas provide insights into the key mechanisms involved. A literature review was conducted to identify articles with information relevant to current understanding of the etiologies and molecular pathogenesis of HCC and ICC. Chronic inflammatory diseases are the key etiological risk factors for both HCC and ICC, although other diseases play a role, and for many ICCs, an underlying risk factor is not identified. Mutations in catenin beta 1 (CTNBB1) and tumor protein 53 (P53) are the main genetic alterations in HCC. Isocitrate dehydrogenases 1 and 2 (IDH1/2), KRAS protooncogene GTPase (KRAS), a RAS Viral Oncogene Homolog in neoroblastoma (NRAS) and P53 are primary genetic alterations in ICC. In both diseases, the mutational landscape is dependent on the underlying etiology. The most significant etiologies and genetic processes involved in the carcinogenesis of HCC and ICC are reviewed
Primary Liver Cancers, Part 2: Progression Pathways and Carcinogenesis
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and primary intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) have been increasing in incidence worldwide and are leading causes of cancer death. Studies of the molecular alterations leading to these carcinomas provide insights into the key mechanisms involved. A literature review was conducted to identify articles with information relevant to current understanding of the etiologies and molecular pathogenesis of HCC and ICC. Chronic inflammatory diseases are the key etiological risk factors for both HCC and ICC, although other diseases play a role, and for many ICCs, an underlying risk factor is not identified. Mutations in catenin beta 1 (CTNBB1) and tumor protein 53 (P53) are the main genetic alterations in HCC. Isocitrate dehydrogenases 1 and 2 (IDH1/2), KRAS protooncogene GTPase (KRAS), a RAS Viral Oncogene Homolog in neoroblastoma (NRAS) and P53 are primary genetic alterations in ICC. In both diseases, the mutational landscape is dependent on the underlying etiology. The most significant etiologies and genetic processes involved in the carcinogenesis of HCC and ICC are reviewed
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