Sítios assistenciais em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva e relação do nursing activities score com a infecção hospitalar

O Sistema de Classificação de Pacientes tornou-se essencial na prática gerencial e assistencial do enfermeiro. Este estudo analisou a implantação de Sítios Assistenciais na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Adulto como forma de organização e classificação de pacientes, bem como suas implicações na qualidade do cuidado de acordo com o Nursing Activities Score e a relação com a Infecção Hospitalar. Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, prospectivo, descritivo e transversal. A coleta foi realizada de julho a outubro de 2010. A amostra foi constituída por 214 pacientes, a maioria do sexo masculino, de neurocirurgia e com idade média de 57 anos. O Nursing Activities Score médio foi de 71,72%. Com relação à Infecção Hospitalar antes e após a implantação, houve redução nas taxas de pneumonia, porém, a carga de trabalho de enfermagem permaneceu constante. Ficou evidenciada a importância da utilização do Nursing Activities Score como indicador e da implantação de novas formas de classificação de pacientes para melhorar a organização da assistência.El Sistema de Clasificación de Pacientes se tornó esencial para la práctica gerencial y asistencial del enfermero. Este estudio analizó la implantación de Sitios Asistenciales en la Unidad de Terapia Intensiva Adulta como forma de organización y clasificación de pacientes, bien como sus implicaciones en la calidad del cuidado de acuerdo con el Nursing Activities Score y la relación con Infección Hospitalaria. Se trata del estudio cuantitativo, prospectivo, descriptivo y transversal. La colección de datos fue realizada de julio a octubre de 2010. La muestra fue constituida por 214 pacientes, la mayoría hombres, neurocirúrgicos y con edad media de 57 años. El Nursing Activities Score medio fue 71,72%. Con relación a la Infección Hospitalaria hubo reducción en los niveles de Neumonía, sin embargo, la carga de trabajo de enfermería permaneció constante. Quedó evidente la importancia del uso del NAS como indicador y la implantación de nuevas formas de clasificación de pacientes para mejorar la organización de la asistencia.The Patient Classification System has become essential concerning to the practice in management and care from a nurse. This study analyzed the implementation of Assistance Sites in an intensive care unit for adults as a way of organization and classification of patients, as well as the impact of this process on the quality of care according to the Nursing Activities Score and the relation with the Hospital Infection. This is a quantitative, prospective, descriptive and transversal study. The data collection was realized from July until October 2010. The sample was consisted of 214 patients, mostly male, neurosurgical and with a mid age of 57 years. The NAS was on the average of 71.72%. Regarding the Hospital Infection before and after implantation, there was a reduction in the rates of pneumonia. However, the nursing workload remained the same. Moreover, It was evident the importance of using the Nursing Activities Score and the implementation of new ways for classification of patients to improve the organization of the care

Nursing workload and occurrence of adverse events in intensive care: a systematic review

Abstract OBJECTIVE To identifyevidences of the influence of nursing workload on the occurrence of adverse events (AE) in adult patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). METHOD A systematic literature review was conducted in the databases MEDLINE, CINAHL, LILACS, SciELO, BDENF, and Cochrane from studies in English, Portuguese, or Spanish, published by 2015. The analyzed AE were infection, pressure ulcer (PU), patient falls, and medication errors. RESULTS Of 594 potential studies, eight comprised the final sample of the review. TheNursing Activities Score (NAS; 37.5%) and the Therapeutic Intervention Scoring System(TISS; 37.5%) were the instruments most frequently used for assessing nursing workload. Six studies (75.0%) identified the influence of work overload in events of infection, PU, and medicationerrors. An investigation found that the NAS was a protective factor for PU. CONCLUSION The nursing workload required by patients in the ICU influenced the occurrence of AE, and nurses must monitor this variable daily to ensure proper sizing of staff and safety of care

Direct and indirect nursing care time in an Intensive Care Unit

OBJECTIVE: to identify the direct and indirect nursing care time in an Intensive Care Unit. METHOD: a descriptive/exploratory study conducted at a private hospital. The Nursing Activities Score classification system was used to estimate the direct care time, and electronic health records were used to estimate the indirect care time. The data were collected from March to June 2011. RESULTS: the findings indicate that the average nursing care time was 29.5 hours, consisting of 27.4 hours of direct care and 2.1 hours of indirect care per patient/day. The nursing care time was higher on weekends and holidays, with predominant use of electronic medical records at night. CONCLUSION: ascertaining nursing care times will contribute to a quantitative evaluation of human resources, assisting in the determination of workloads and workforce size

Professional nursing practice in critical units: assessment of work environment characteristics

ABSTRACT Objective: assess the autonomy, control over environment, and organizational support of nurses' work process and the relationships between physicians and nurses in critical care units. Method: cross-sectional study conducted with 162 nurses working in the intensive care units and emergency service of a university hospital. The workers' satisfaction with their work environment was assessed using Brazilian Nursing Work Index - Revised, translated and adapted for the Brazilian culture. Results: average age was 31.6 ± 3.9 years; 80.2% were women; 68.5% Caucasians and 71.6% worked in intensive care units. The nurses considered autonomy (2.38 ± 0.64) and their relationship with physicians (2.24 ± 0.62) to be characteristics of the work environment that favored professional practice. Control over environment (2.78 ± 0.62) and organizational support (2.51 ± 0.54), however, were considered to be unfavorable. No statistically significant differences were found between the units based on the scores obtained by the professionals on the Brazilian Nursing Work Index - Revised. Conclusion: autonomy, relationship between physicians and nurses, and organizational support were considered by the units to be characteristics that favored nurses' professional practices. On the other hand, control over environment and organizational support were considered unfavorable