The Role of Natural of AntisenseTranscription HAGLR,LCMT1AS, NAV2AS5,TSIX in Breast Cancer

 IncRNAs(الرناالطويلة غير المشفرة)  لها وظائف الجزيئية والخلوية الهامة والنسخ الطبيعية المضادة(NATs)  هي مكملة للبروتينات المشفرة او غير المشفرة. والقاعده الناتيروجينيه لـ  RNAلها اهميه في اظهار الجينات.، والتي لقيت اهتماما كبيرا  في السنوات الأخيرة لأهميتها التشخيصية والعلاجية ،وان أي خلل في وظيفيتها يؤدي إلى أمراض بما في ذلك السرطان. الهدف: الغرض من  البحث هي اكتشاف دور واهميهّ  االجيناتlncNATsTSIX, HAGLR, LMCT1AS NAV2AS5  في عمليهّ تكوين الأورام  في سرطان الثدي.  Background: lncRNAs (longnon-codingRNAs), has various important molecular and cellular functions and natural antisense transcripts (NATs), complementary to protein-coding or non-coding. RNA sequences are important regulators of gene expression drew great attention in recent years to uncover their importance for diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic purposes; and their dysfunctions lead to diseases including cancer. Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate important roles of lncRNA TSIX, HAGLR, LMCT1AS and NAV2AS5 genes in several tumorigenic processes in breast cancer. Materials and methods: In this study, we used ATCC normal cell lines (CRL4010,CRL8798) and cancer cell lines (MCF7,MDA-MB231,CRL2329) that subjected. To examine through RNA isolation,cDNA conversion, semiquantitative (by agarose gel and ImageJ program) and quantitative RT-PCR for gene expression analyses. Results: Our results have been shown that TSIX, HAGLR, LMCT1AS, and NAV2AS5 genes have differential expression pattern in both normal and breast cancer cell lines. Conclusion: from the data of our results we concluded that these genes have an important role in biological processes of breast cancer, in addition, to their importance in the treatment and therapeutic purposes. &nbsp

Epidemiology of pemphigus in Turkey: One-year prospective study of 220 cases

Pemphigus is a group of rare and life-threatening autoimmune blistering diseases of the skin and mucous membranes. Although they occur worldwide, their incidence shows wide geographical variation, and prospective data on the epidemiology of pemphigus are very limited. Objective of this work is to evaluate the incidence and epidemiological and clinical features of patients with pemphigus in Turkey. All patients newly diagnosed with pemphigus between June 2013 and June 2014 were prospectively enrolled in 33 dermatology departments in 20 different provinces from all seven regions of Turkey. Disease parameters including demography and clinical findings were recorded. A total of 220 patients were diagnosed with pemphigus during the 1-year period, with an annual incidence of 4.7 per million people in Turkey. Patients were predominantly women, with a male to female ratio of 1:1.41. The mean age at onset was 48.9 years. Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) was the commonest clinical subtype (n=192; 87.3%), followed by pemphigus foliaceus (n=21; 9.6%). The most common clinical subtype of PV was the mucocutaneous type (n=83; 43.2%). The mean Pemphigus Disease Area Index was 28.14±22.21 (mean ± Standard Deviation).  The incidence rate of pemphigus in Turkey is similar to the countries of South-East Europe, higher than those reported for the Central and Northern European countries and lower than the countries around the Mediterranean Sea and Iran. Pemphigus is more frequent in middle-aged people and is more common in women. The most frequent subtype was PV, with a 9-fold higher incidence than pemphigus foliaceus.   </p

Robust pairwise multiple comparisons under short-tailed symmetric distributions

In one-way ANOVA, most of the pairwise multiple comparison procedures depend on normality assumption of errors. In practice, errors have non-normal distributions so frequently. Therefore, it is very important to develop robust estimators of location and the associated variance under non-normality. In this paper, we consider the estimation of one-way ANOVA model parameters to make pairwise multiple comparisons under short-tailed symmetric (STS) distribution. The classical least squares method is neither efficient nor robust and maximum likelihood estimation technique is problematic in this situation. Modified maximum likelihood (MML) estimation technique gives the opportunity to estimate model parameters in closed forms under non-normal distributions. Hence, the use of MML estimators in the test statistic is proposed for pairwise multiple comparisons under STS distribution. The efficiency and power comparisons of the test statistic based on sample mean, trimmed mean, wave and MML estimators are given and the robustness of the test obtained using these estimators under plausible alternatives and inlier model are examined. It is demonstrated that the test statistic based on MML estimators is efficient and robust and the corresponding test is more powerful and having smallest Type I error

Usage of Different Plants in the Production of Polyphenols with Ultrasonic Extraction

Antioxidants are compounds that neutralize and inactivate free radicals which are the main cause of diseases and aging in the bodies. There are a number of factors that influence the yield of extraction of these molecules. The purpose of this study was to optimize the ultrasonic extraction of polyphenols from Cinnamonum zeylaniccum and Rhus coriaria by response surface methodology. Experiments were performed using sweep mode ultrasound waves and methanol as solvent. The parameters were solid-per-liquid ratio, extraction temperature and duration. As a result of the statistical analysis done by Design Expert software, the function which expresses the effect of the parameters on the quantity to be obtained in industrial polyphenol production was found as a quadratic model. The optimum conditions were determined as 30°C for temperature, 100 g of plant /50 ml methanol for solid-to-liquid ratio, and 15 minutes for extraction time. At the optimum conditions, cinnamon's ultrasonic extraction on "sweep" mode produced 2726.4 mg/100 g of plant gallic acid equivalent of polyphenols, whereas sumac produced 1211 mg/100 g of plant polyphenols at the same conditions, except the temperature of 50°C

Engagement exploration, explanation, extension, and, evaluation (5E) learning cycle and conceptual change text as learning tools

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects. of the Engagement Exploration, Explanation Extension, and Evaluation (5E) learning cycle, conceptual change texts, and traditional instructions on 8th grade students' understanding of photosynthesis and respiration in plants. Students' understanding of photosynthesis and respiration in plants was measured using the test developed by Haslam and Treagust (F Haslam, D, F- Treagust (1987) Diagnosing secondary students' misconceptions of photosynthesis and respiration in plants using a two-tier multiple choice instrument. J. Biol. Educ. 21,203-221). The test was as pre-test and post-test to a total of 101 8th-grade students in, three intact classes of the same school located in an urban area. The classes were randomly assigned as control and experimental groups. Students in the first experimental group (n = 33) received 5E learning cycle instruction, students in the second experimental group (a = 34) received conceptual change text instruction, and students in the control group (n = 3) received traditional instruction. Attitudes toward science and pre-test scores were, used as covariates. A quasi-experimental design utilizing the analysis of covariance showed a statistically significant difference between the experimental and control groups in the favour of experimental groups after treatment. However, no statistically, significant difference between two experimental groups (5E versus conceptual change text instruction) was found

Modified maximum likelihood estimators using ranked set sampling

The closed-form maximum likelihood estimators (MLEs) of population mean and variance under ranked set sampling (RSS) do not exist since the likelihood equations involve nonlinear functions and have usually no explicit solutions. We derive modified maximum likelihood (MML) estimators for the population mean and variance under RSS and show that they are considerably more efficient than RSS estimators. Furthermore, we suggest two new estimators for the unknown parameters using two modified ranked set sampling methods and show that these methods make the variances of both MML and RSS estimators smaller

Do matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors improve the bond durability of universal dental adhesives?

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) inhibitors on the microtensile bond strength (TBS) and the adhesive-dentin interface of two universal dentin bonding agents, Single Bond Universal and All Bond Universal, after 12 months of water storage. Seventy extracted, caries-free, human third molars were used in this study. Of these, 50 were used for TBS testing and 20 were used for scanning electron microscopy. The two bonding agents were applied to flat dentin surfaces in five different ways: self-etch mode, etch-and-rinse mode with 37% phosphoric acid, etch-and-rinse mode with phosphoric acid containing 1% benzalkonium chloride, etch-and-rinse mode with phosphoric acid and 2% chlorhexidine, and etch-and-rinse mode with 0.5M ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) (n=5 for each bonding agent in each group; N=50). Half the specimens were subjected to TBS tests at 24h, while half were subjected to the tests after 12 months of water storage. For each bonding agent, inhibition, storage, and their interaction effects were tested by two-way analysis of variance and Bonferroni tests. For Single Bond Universal, the benzalkonium chloride (p=0.024) and chlorhexidine groups (p=0.033) exhibited significantly higher TBS values at 24h compared with the self-etch group. For All Bond Universal, all groups displayed similar bond strengths at 24h (p>0.05). After 12 months of water storage, the TBS values decreased significantly in the benzalkonium chloride group for Single Bond Universal (p=0.001) and the self-etch (p=0.029), chlorhexidine (p=0.046), and EDTA (p=0.032) groups for All Bond Universal. These results suggest that the immediate dentin bond strength increases when universal bonding systems are applied in the etch-and-rinse mode, although the durability decreases. The use of chlorhexidine and EDTA can increase the bond durability of mild adhesives such as Single Bond Universal. SCANNING 38:535-544, 2016. (c) 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc