The Features of the Czech Republic Fuel Industry Development

Розглянуто паливну промисловість як вагому складову частину паливно-енергетичного комплексу Чеської Республіки. Проаналізовано основні райони видобутку кам’яного та бурого вугілля, висвітлюється роль нафти та природного газу у внутрішньому споживанні країни. Визначено основні зовнішньоторговельні партнери країни у паливній сфері. Розглянуто систему магістральних трубопроводів країни та визначено участь Чехії у будівництві газопроводів Європи.In the article it is considered the fuel industry as the important part of the Czech Republic energy sector. There are analyzed the basic areas of mining coal and lignite and highlighted the role of oil and natural gas in country domestic consumption. There are defined the main foreign trade partners in the country's fuel industry. The system of main pipelines of the country is considered and the Czech Republic participation in the Europe gas pipelines construction is determined

Територіальні фінансові ресурси Західного прикордонного регіону України

У монографії досліджено питання забезпечення фінансовими ресурсами місцевих громад прикордонних областей Західної України на сучасному етапі. З урахуванням історичного досвіду та досвіду країн Євросоюзу запропоновано способи розвʼязання проблем й обґрунтовано напрями проведення адміністративно-територіальної реформи в регіоні. Для студентів, науковців, працівників органів місцевого самоврядування та фінансової сфери України

Biallelic VARS variants cause developmental encephalopathy with microcephaly that is recapitulated in vars knockout zebrafish

Aminoacyl tRNA synthetases (ARSs) link specific amino acids with their cognate transfer RNAs in a critical early step of protein translation. Mutations in ARSs have emerged as a cause of recessive, often complex neurological disease traits. Here we report an allelic series consisting of seven novel and two previously reported biallelic variants in valyl-tRNA synthetase (VARS) in ten patients with a developmental encephalopathy with microcephaly, often associated with early-onset epilepsy. In silico, in vitro, and yeast complementation assays demonstrate that the underlying pathomechanism of these mutations is most likely a loss of protein function. Zebrafish modeling accurately recapitulated some of the key neurological disease traits. These results provide both genetic and biological insights into neurodevelopmental disease and pave the way for further in-depth research on ARS related recessive disorders and precision therapies

Global Perspectives on Task Shifting and Task Sharing in Neurosurgery.

BACKGROUND: Neurosurgical task shifting and task sharing (TS/S), delegating clinical care to non-neurosurgeons, is ongoing in many hospital systems in which neurosurgeons are scarce. Although TS/S can increase access to treatment, it remains highly controversial. This survey investigated perceptions of neurosurgical TS/S to elucidate whether it is a permissible temporary solution to the global workforce deficit. METHODS: The survey was distributed to a convenience sample of individuals providing neurosurgical care. A digital survey link was distributed through electronic mailing lists of continental neurosurgical societies and various collectives, conference announcements, and social media platforms (July 2018-January 2019). Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and univariate regression of Likert Scale scores. RESULTS: Survey respondents represented 105 of 194 World Health Organization member countries (54.1%; 391 respondents, 162 from high-income countries and 229 from low- and middle-income countries [LMICs]). The most agreed on statement was that task sharing is preferred to task shifting. There was broad consensus that both task shifting and task sharing should require competency-based evaluation, standardized training endorsed by governing organizations, and maintenance of certification. When perspectives were stratified by income class, LMICs were significantly more likely to agree that task shifting is professionally disruptive to traditional training, task sharing should be a priority where human resources are scarce, and to call for additional TS/S regulation, such as certification and formal consultation with a neurosurgeon (in person or electronic/telemedicine). CONCLUSIONS: Both LMIC and high-income countries agreed that task sharing should be prioritized over task shifting and that additional recommendations and regulations could enhance care. These data invite future discussions on policy and training programs

Intraperitoneal drain placement and outcomes after elective colorectal surgery: international matched, prospective, cohort study

Despite current guidelines, intraperitoneal drain placement after elective colorectal surgery remains widespread. Drains were not associated with earlier detection of intraperitoneal collections, but were associated with prolonged hospital stay and increased risk of surgical-site infections.Background Many surgeons routinely place intraperitoneal drains after elective colorectal surgery. However, enhanced recovery after surgery guidelines recommend against their routine use owing to a lack of clear clinical benefit. This study aimed to describe international variation in intraperitoneal drain placement and the safety of this practice. Methods COMPASS (COMPlicAted intra-abdominal collectionS after colorectal Surgery) was a prospective, international, cohort study which enrolled consecutive adults undergoing elective colorectal surgery (February to March 2020). The primary outcome was the rate of intraperitoneal drain placement. Secondary outcomes included: rate and time to diagnosis of postoperative intraperitoneal collections; rate of surgical site infections (SSIs); time to discharge; and 30-day major postoperative complications (Clavien-Dindo grade at least III). After propensity score matching, multivariable logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards regression were used to estimate the independent association of the secondary outcomes with drain placement. Results Overall, 1805 patients from 22 countries were included (798 women, 44.2 per cent; median age 67.0 years). The drain insertion rate was 51.9 per cent (937 patients). After matching, drains were not associated with reduced rates (odds ratio (OR) 1.33, 95 per cent c.i. 0.79 to 2.23; P = 0.287) or earlier detection (hazard ratio (HR) 0.87, 0.33 to 2.31; P = 0.780) of collections. Although not associated with worse major postoperative complications (OR 1.09, 0.68 to 1.75; P = 0.709), drains were associated with delayed hospital discharge (HR 0.58, 0.52 to 0.66; P < 0.001) and an increased risk of SSIs (OR 2.47, 1.50 to 4.05; P < 0.001). Conclusion Intraperitoneal drain placement after elective colorectal surgery is not associated with earlier detection of postoperative collections, but prolongs hospital stay and increases SSI risk

Політика у сфері інформаційного суспільства

Параграф навчального посібника, у якому розкрито основні положення регіональної економічної інтеграції, історичні етапи європейської інтеграції, галузеву політику Європейського Союзу, відносини між Україною та ЄС, а також особливості процесів розширення економічної інтеграції. Для студентів-міжнародників і всіх, хто цікавиться європейськими інтеграційними процесами.Видання здійснено за фінансової підтримки Міжнародного фонду «Відродження

Update richtlijn psoriasis 2017

The update of the NVDV guideline psoriasis 2017 is summarized. In the update the chapters methotrexate, fumaric acid esters, biologics, children, serum concentrations and antibody formation and quality of life are renewed. In addition chapters on secukinumab, apremilast, choice of treatment, combination treatment, psoriatic arthritis and pregnancy and breastfeeding during biologic treatment have been added. The update is based on the NVDV guideline psoriasis 20111, European Dermatology Forum (EDF) guideline Psoriasis 20152 and new search and analyses by the workgroup. The most important differences in the update 2017 compared to the NVDV guideline psoriasis 2011 are discussed

Update richtlijn psoriasis 2017

The update of the NVDV guideline psoriasis 2017 is summarized. In the update the chapters methotrexate, fumaric acid esters, biologics, children, serum concentrations and antibody formation and quality of life are renewed. In addition chapters on secukinumab, apremilast, choice of treatment, combination treatment, psoriatic arthritis and pregnancy and breastfeeding during biologic treatment have been added. The update is based on the NVDV guideline psoriasis 20111, European Dermatology Forum (EDF) guideline Psoriasis 20152 and new search and analyses by the workgroup. The most important differences in the update 2017 compared to the NVDV guideline psoriasis 2011 are discussed