The Concept of Data Model Pattern Based on Fully Communication Oriented Information Modeling (FCO-IM)

Just as in many areas of software engineering, patterns have been used in  data modeling  to  create high quality  data  models.  We  provide  a  concept  of data  model  pattern  based  on  Fully  Communication  Oriented  Information Modeling  (FCO-IM),  a  fact  oriented  data  modeling  method.  A  data  model pattern is  defined  as  the relation  between  context, problem,  an d  solution.  This definition is adopted from the concept of pattern by Christopher Alexander. We define the concept of Information Grammar for Pattern (IG P) in the solution part of  a  pattern,  which  works  as  a  template  to  create  a  data  model.  The  IG P  also shows how a pattern can relate to other patterns. The data model pattern concept is then used to describe 15 data model patterns, organized into 4 categories. A case study on geographical location is provided to show the use of the concept in a real case

The Concept of Data Model Pattern Based on Fully Communication Oriented Information Modeling (FCO-IM)

Just as in many areas of software engineering, patterns have been used in data modeling to create high quality data models. We provide a concept of data model pattern based on Fully Communication Oriented Information Modeling (FCO-IM), a fact oriented data modeling method. A data model pattern is defined as the relation between context, problem, and solution. This definition is adopted from the concept of pattern by Christopher Alexander. We define the concept of Information Grammar for Pattern (IGP) in the solution part of a pattern, which works as a template to create a data model. The IGP also shows how a pattern can relate to other patterns. The data model pattern concept is then used to describe 15 data model patterns, organized into 4 categories. A case study on geographical location is provided to show the use of the concept in a real case

Maaivelddynamiek door krimp-zwel en elastische vervormingen, case Rouveen

In the Regiodeal Bodemdaling Groene Hart deals with the subsidence of ground level in relation to a fixed level such as NAP. This ground level has developed over decades because of processes in soft soil layers in the Holocene. However, over shorter periods, time series of changes in the height of ground level rarely show a simple downward trend. The height change is dynamic with periods of rise and fall, especially in areas with peat and/or clay near ground level, such as in the Groene Hart. In peat areas, this can involve movements of up to approximately 10 cm. In this study, a model was developed to calculate the dynamics of the ground level because of shrinkage/swelling and compaction/expansion. The first model design was tested using data from the NOBV site in Rouveen

Underground Thermal Energy Storage : State of the art 1994

Godkänd; 1995; 20141103 (bon

Techniques for the recovery of compacted soils in Europe

Soil compaction due to agricultural vehicle traffic is recognized as one of the major threats to soil productivity, and soil ecological and hydrological functioning. The size and weight of agricultural machinery have significantly increased during the last decades which is likely to have increased compaction levels. The recently published report of the mission board for soil health and food, “Caring for soil is caring for life” (European Commission, 2020) estimates that the area of land failing soil health due to compaction is 23-33% (7% of which outside agricultural area). Preventing soil compaction is important because the effects of structural decay can affect yields for decades and the decreased infiltration and storage capacity. Once a soil becomes compacted, there are several techniques to solve this. However, the question is which techniques are available, how long they are effective and under what conditions they are best used. In this research, which is part of the EJP SOIL SOILCOMPAC project, an extensive literature review was conducted and combined with data from current recovery field experiments. An overview is made of past and running experiments on recovery methods in different countries to characterize the rate of recovery by different processes and the relative importance of the recovery mechanisms across pedo-climatic zones. The review includes mechanical (tillage), biological (“biosubsoiling”) and natural (soil physical processes) methods. The research was made on the compacted subsoil below the plough layer (25-50 cm b.s.). This means that the focus is on arable farming however most of the recovery techniques can also be applied to grassland

De opwarming van de bodem en de gevolgen voor de natuur

Climate change has caused the soil temperature of the upper 100 cm to increase by an average of 1.5 ̊C over the past forty years and will continue to increase by 1.2°C over the next thirty years. The rate of increase is strongly determined by vegetation. For example, bare soil will warm much faster and more strongly than grass-covered soil. Thus, nature developers can influence soil temperature through vegetation, but the type of measure on will define the effect. An integrated understanding of temperature and water dynamics in the soil-crop-atmosphere system is urgently needed to better understand the risks of soil temperature elevation and to appropriately adapt cropping and nature development systems to these integrated climate effects

De invloed van klimaatverandering op de bodemtemperatuur : Inventarisatie van de ontwikkeling van de bodemtemperatuur en de invloed op de biotische en abiotische processen in natuurgebieden

Climate change has caused an increase of the soil temperature of the top 100 cm of 1.5 C on average over the past 40 years. This increase leads to an acceleration of various soil processes such as mineralization, denitrification and peat oxidation. Soil temperature is one of the many factors that play a role in the development of natural vegetation. There is also a strong interaction between the vegetation and the soil temperature, whereby the effect of vegetation on soil temperature exceeds that of soil temperature on vegetation. This means that soil temperature depends very much on the local microclimate. Further research should clarify the extent to which the soil temperature will continue to rise in the future and what the consequences will be for the design and management of nature reserves