Exploring The Relationship of Grit Personality and Academic Achievement: Adult Learners

Grit is defined to the individual’s level of perseverance and motivation to achieve their long-term goals. The grit can drive students to sustain and finish their study in the time frame allocated. The purpose of this study is to determine the level of students’ grit among part time learners in Technical University in Malaysia and to explore how the grit level difference based on the gender. The study used the descriptive analysis approach. The sample of the study consisted of 148 students, who studied part time (via online), distributed as follows: (95) male and (53) female. To achieve the objectives of the study, an original grit scale (Grit-O) from Duckworth et al. (2007) was utilized. The results of the study revealed that the level of grit of the students were high, and the Grit level of male students were higher than female students. The study concluded that it is important build a strong grit character in students’ mind to have an outstanding academic achievement

Key Influencing Factors on Entrepreneurial Motivation among Women Entrepreneurs

The aim of this study is to investigate the key determinants on entrepreneurial motivation among women entrepreneurs particulalrly in Sabah, Malaysia. This study focuses on two personality factors in studying the motivation among women entrepreneurs. These two key personality factors were need for achievement and self-efficacy. Structured questionnaire instrument was used in this study. The respondents of this study are 400 women entrepreneurs located around Kota Kinabalu, Sabah. Based on the results and findings of this study, the result showed that only need for achievement has a relationship with entrepreneurial motivation among women entrepreneurs in Sabah. The findings of this study revealed the importance of need for achievement and its role in promoting an entrepreneurial motivation among women entrepreneurs. With this information, the government can develop appropriate entrepreneurial programs, which highlight the need for achievement in an effort to promote an entrepreneurial motivation among women entrepreneurs

Youth and Transformation to Political violence in North Eastern Nigeria

Political violence being a global phenomenon had attracted several scholarly researches and non-governmental organizations reports particularly in relation to the sponsors, causes and consequences of such violence on the society. However, not much attention has been given to the actors if any, particularly in the case of Kalare youth group in Gombe state, Nigeria. Since the emergence of a group of youth known as Kalare as a tools for political violence in Gombe state, political congresses and elections are always accompanied with these violence groups, who are mobilised to scare the opponent or to counter attacks the perceived enemies. This paper investigated the factors responsible for the transformation of Kalare youth to political violent groups. This paper uses qualitative method of social research contrary to the study done in 2007 by Bashir using quantitative method which concluded that the youth were involved into political violence as a result of unemployment rate among the youth. Contrary to the earlier result this paper found out that the youth were influenced by other factors with material motivation offered by politicians as the major factor that pulled the youth into act of political violence. Others are poverty, moral decadence, drugs and peer groups influence.   Keywords: Youth, Transformation, Political violence, North Eastern Nigeria

Does governance wax or wane the bilateral trade of pakistan? an application of gravity model

Purpose: This paper aims to present an analysis on the effect of governance and its indicators on bilateral exports and bilateral imports of Pakistan with its major trading partner countries separately. Theoretical framework: This study has implemented the six indicators of governance for Pakistan and its exporting and importing partners in gravity trade model to demonstrate the influence of governance on bilateral trade. Design/methodology/approach: Indicators of governance (a disaggregate analysis) and a governance index (an aggregate analysis) in a panel data over the period 2000 to 2020 have been analyzed by using panel least square estimation technique. Findings: The findings reveal that the average effect of governance on bilateral exports is positive indicating that in general, the better quality of institutions boosts up the bilateral trade, and the outcome of the institutional quality on trade has “waxed rather than waned” with time. Further, the positive effect of governance on bilateral imports indicates that it is uncomplicated to trade with those trading partners having better institutions. Research, Practical & Social implications: Research, Practical & Social implications: This study suggests that there is a clear need to adopt the practices of good governance,accountability, rule of law, etc. for enhancing bilateral trade and would follow the rules developed by the institutions. Originality/value: This study is an attempt to examine the significance of governance in enhancing the bilateral trade of Pakistan. Findings of the study has elaborated with the economic reasonings that have never been explained in previous researches

Struggle for Making of Pakistan 1947

Committee was shaped under the support of Gandhi however it neglected to get the help from all the three fundamental gatherings in the political diversion i.e., the British, Congress and the League; Congress at first bolstered the board affected by Gandhi yet when Sapru Committee presented the proposal for Hindu-Muslim equality, the Congress additionally dismissed the report of the council. The Committee restricted the possibility of Pakistan on the premise of dialect, race, religion, and the difficulty of isolating Hindu and Muslim people group. It additionally dismissed the two country hypothesis. The Committee contended that the possibility of Pakistan or division of India can't fulfill the issue of minorities. As such these proposition dismissed the Muslim request of isolated electorates and in particular the segment of India, which around then was upheld by both Jinnah and the League. Along these lines, the League additionally emphatically dismissed the recommendations of the panel and considered it as a scheme against the interest for Pakistan. This article examinations the Sapru Proposals in setting of the interest for Pakistan and explores the explanations for the disappointment of the proposition. Keywords: Pakistan, India, Divisio

Analysis of Physiochemical Parameters to Evaluate the Drinking Water Quality in the State of Perak, Malaysia

YesThe drinking water quality was investigated in suspected parts of Perak state, Malaysia, to ensure the continuous supply of clean and safe drinking water for the public health protection. In this regard, a detailed physical and chemical analysis of drinking water samples was carried out in different residential and commercial areas of the state. A number of parameters such as pH, turbidity, conductivity, total suspended solids (TSS), total dissolved solids (TDS), and heavy metals such as Cu, Zn, Mg, Fe, Cd, Pb, Cr, As, Hg, and Sn were analysed for each water sample collected during winter and summer periods. The obtained values of each parameter were compared with the standard values set by the World Health Organization (WHO) and local standards such as National Drinking Water Quality Standard (NDWQS). The values of each parameter were found to be within the safe limits set by the WHO and NDWQS. Overall, the water from all the locations was found to be safe as drinking water. However, it is also important to investigate other potential water contaminations such as chemicals and microbial and radiological materials for a longer period of time, including human body fluids, in order to assess the overall water quality of Perak state

Assessment of request pattern and utility of rheumatoid factor in a tertiary hospital in North east Nigeria

The diagnostic utility of Rheumatoid Factor (RF) test is not well documented. The question therefore is: - 'when is it appropriate to make this request'? When patients' own immunological defense mechanisms go awry and start attacking one's tissues, (autoimmune), there usually arises a problem. This usually affects the heart, musculo skeletal system and other organs giving rise to signs and symptoms that are seen in other ailments. The joints are the most common site of affectation and an early diagnosis may go a long way in managing the disease. Usually an antibody (Rheumatoid factor) is found in such patients. It is formed against the Fc portion of IgG, forming an IgG-Fc immune complex that normally leads to the disease process. It is this complex (usually an IgM) in the patient's serum that is exposed to a commercial antigen in the laboratory and the titer determined against a standard. The normal level is usually <14IU/ml. Levels higher are usually considered abnormally high, elevated or positive. A negative RF test however does not mean that the patient hasn't got the disease. Objective: To determine the frequency of positivity of rheumatoid factor and the context in which the requests are made by group of physicians and advise on when to make the request. Methods: A retrospective study of case notes of 354 patients requested to perform rheumatoid factor test at the immunology department over a period of 6 years were reviewed. The requesting departments, clinical and demographic characteristics of patients were reviewed and analyzed. Data analyzed using SPSS version 22. Results: Of the 354 requests made,265 (74.9%) were due to musculo skeletal symptoms and but20 (5.6%) were positive for RF. Of the 20, 19 (95%) had polyarthritis while 1 (5%) was asymptomatic. The mean age was 37.06±13.91 and 205 (57.9%) were females. Most (137 or 38.7%) of requests for RF were from the general out-patient department and 108 (30.5%) from medical out-patient department. The sensitivity and specificity for RF test in detecting MSK disease were 7.17% (95%CI, 4.37-10.97) and 98.88% (95%CI 93.90%, 99.97%). The positive likely hood ratio was 6.38% (95% CI 0.87, 40.99). The positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) were 95.0% (95%CI 77.02, 99.29%) and26.35% (95%CI 25.48, 35.30%). Test accuracy was 30.23% (95% CI25.48, 35.30%). Conclusion: We recommend that rheumatoid factor should be requested only in patients with fleeting arthritis,good clinical evaluation for signs and symptomsand looking for differentials

Community Perception of The Conversion of Forest Land Into Building Land in Bangsar South Malaysia

The conversion of land function in Bangsar South Malaysia occurred due to the development of forest land use into building land. The conversion of this land has not been fully carried out and is still under construction. Some Malaysians reject the land conversion function by making a petition to refuse land conversion activities to be carried out in Bangsar South Malaysia. The purpose of this study was to find out the perception of Malaysian people about the conversion of forest land into building land in Bangsar South Malaysia. The collection data method used in this research is the interview technique. The results of this study indicate that the Malaysian public's perception of the conversion of forest land to building land in Bangsar South Malaysia showed disagreement with some of the reasons they put forward. The reasons for the refusal by the Malaysians include damaging to the forest areas, reducing buffer zones, causing the possibility of flooding, increasing environmental temperature, causing a lack of absorption of groundwater and reducing fauna habitat in the forest which causes the fauna to move towards residential areas and disturb the security of the surrounding population

Common Errors Made in Learning English Prepositions While Writing Essays by Iraqi Students

This study examines the most important commonly errors made in learning English prepositions while writing essays by Iraqi students of English as a foreign language. It  suggests some solutions to help them recover and overcome their errors. All the students come from non-English speaking background and hardly communicate in English outside  school. The study was carried out at preparatory schools in Diwaniya governorate in Iraq. Seventy essays were collected from two secondary schools and analyzed in relation to the theories of  Contrastive Analysis and Error Analysis. A detailed classification of the most common errors, their analysis, and the comparison of the total number of inter-lingual and intra-lingual errors are given place in this study. The study  aims to find out answers to the following research questions: 1.What are the types of prepositional errors committed while writing English Essays by Iraqi final year EFL senior secondary school students? 2.What are the causes/sources of prepositional errors committed while writing English Essays by Iraqi final year EFL senior secondary school students? 3.What is the effect of Arabic language interference on learning English language prepositions as used by Iraqi final year EFL senior secondary school students in Iraq? 4.What should be the appropriate method in teaching English prepositions to Iraqi EFL senior secondary school students? This study intends to use a qualitative content analysis of the students’ written essays in accordance with the Error Analysis approach. For this, the researcher intends to explore and analyze the written productions of the final year students’ essays. Thus, the results of the study identify the kinds of prepositional errors Iraqi students commit in writing as well as their sources and causes in Dewaniyah governorate in Iraq. This study has shed light on the manner in which students internalize the rules of the target language. Such an insight into language learning problems is useful to teachers as it provides information on common troubles confronted in language learning which can be used in the preparation of effective teaching materials. Keywords: error analysis , contrastive analysis DOI: 10.7176/JEP/10-32-04 Publication date: November 30th 201