A conservação de recursos ou os recursos da conservação : um tributo a Siegfried von Ciriacy-Wantrup : pilar para a análise econômica da conservação

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Economia, Administração e Contabilidade, Departamento de Economia, 2017.Esta dissertação é um tributo à Siegfried Von Ciriacy-Wantrup (1906-1980). Seu objetivo foi analisar a obra do autor e ressaltar alguns aspectos que, de fato, impactaram, e ainda impactam o desenvolvimento da economia ambiental neoclássica. Para realizar esta tarefa iniciei por levantar sua história de vida e toda sua produção acadêmica científica. Depois selecionei três aspectos que (i) considero fundamentais no campo de conhecimento em tela e (ii) que ele se aprofundou no estudo, análise e formulação, deixando contribuições contundentes para a evolução da matéria. Esses aspectos são: os conceitos de conservação e recurso; o conceito e instrumentalidade de instituições sociais, no que toca seu papel decisivo para a economia da conservação; e a epistemologia e instrumentalidade da sua formulação do Padrão Mínimo de Segurança. Utilizei para isto, como principal fonte, seu livro “Resource Conservation: Economics and Policy” em sua segunda edição datada de 1963. Não obstante, ao acessar toda sua produção acadêmica e científica, me apoiei, para a elaboração do texto aqui apresentado, em vários de seus artigos, em maior ou menor grau. O que resultou deste esforço foi um compilado analítico que ressalta a força e a solidez da formulação e da análise do autor. Ficaram evidentes, também, as influências de sua obra na evolução da economia da conservação de recursos. Por fim, concluo que sua produção, tomada como um todo, influenciou e ainda influencia, com notável intensidade, o desenvolvimento da economia ambiental neoclássica. Para mim, sua obra é obra de arte.This is a tribute to Siegfried Von Ciriacy-Wantrup (1906-1980). My objective was to analyze the author’s production and point out some aspects that, in fact, have and still are influencing the development of neoclassical environmental economics. To accomplish that I started up by learning about his life history and entire scientific and academic production. Then I selected three aspects that I consider (i) fundamentals in the field of knowledge on screen and (ii) that he had deepen in the study, analysis and formulations, leaving decisive collaborations for the development of the matter. These aspects were: the concepts of conservation and resources; the concept and usages of social institutions, and their bruising relevance to the economics of resource conservation; and the epistemology and usages of his original formulation of the Safe Minimum Standard. I used, as the main source of information, his book “Resource Conservation: Economics and Policies”, in its 3rd edition dated 1963. Nevertheless, by accessing all his scientific production I also used several of his articles, in grater or smaller extension. The result of all this is an analytical compiling that brings about the strength and robustness of Wantrup’s analysis and formulations. It also became evident the influences of his works to the evolution of resource economics and conservation. Finally I concluded that his production, taken as a big picture, has impacted and still impacts, notably, the development of neoclassical environmental economics. To me, his work is pure art

Palhaçada na escola

Orientador: Marcelo MoraesMonografia (licenciatura) - Universidade Federal do Paraná. Setor de Ciências Biológicas. Curso de Educação Físic

Complicação urológica após enxerto aorto-ilíaco: relato de caso e revisão de literatura

CONTEXT: Ureteral stenosis and ureterohydronephrosis may be serious complications of aortoiliac or aortofemoral reconstructive surgery. CASE REPORT: A 62-year-old female patient presented with a six-month history of left lumbar pain. She was a smoker, and had mild chronic arterial hypertension and Takayasu arteritis. She had previously undergone three vascular interventions. In two procedures, Dacron prostheses were necessary. Excretory urography showed moderate left ureterohydronephrosis and revealed a filling defect in the ureter close to where the iliac vessels cross. This finding was compatible with ureteral stenosis, and the aortoiliac graft may have been the reason for this inflammatory process. The patient underwent laparotomy, which showed that there was a relationship between the ureteral stenosis and the vascular prosthesis. Segmental ureterectomy and end-to-end ureteroplasty with the ureter crossing over the prosthesis anteriorly were performed. There were no complications. The early and late postoperative periods were uneventful. The patient evolved well and the results from a new excretory urogram were normal. We concluded that symptomatic ureterohydronephrosis following aortoiliac graft is a real complication and needs to be quickly diagnosed and treated by urologists.INTRODUÇÃO: Estenose ureteral e ureterohidronefrose podem ser sérias complicações da cirurgia reconstrutiva aorto-femoral ou aorto-ilíaca. RELATO DE CASO: Uma paciente de 62 anos apresentou-se referindo história de dor lombar a esquerda há seis meses. Ela era fumante, portadora de hipertensão arterial crônica leve e arterite de Takayasu. Havia sido submetida a três intervenções vasculares. Em dois procedimentos o uso de prótese de Dacron foi necessário. Uma urografia excretora revelou moderada ureterohidronefrose à esquerda e falha de enchimento no ureter próximo ao cruzamento dos vasos ilíacos. Esse achado era compatível com uma estenose ureteral e o enxerto aorto-ilíaco poderia ser a causa do processo inflamatório. A paciente foi submetida a laparotomia, que evidenciou a relação entre estenose ureteral e a prótese vascular. Ureterectomia segmentar e uretroplastia término-terminal com o ureter passando anteriormente à prótese foram realizadas. Não ocorreram complicações. Os períodos de pós-operatório precoce e tardio transcorreram sem intercorrências. A paciente evoluiu bem e uma nova urografia excretora apresenta-se normal. Concluímos que ureterohidronefrose sintomática após enxerto aorto-ilíaco é uma complicação real e precisa ser rapidamente diagnosticada e tratada pelo urologista

Pólipos fibroepitelial ureteral em mulher grávida: relato de caso

CONTEXT: Ureteral fibroepithelial polyps are rare benign nonepithelial tumors, and less than 200 cases have been reported in the literature. We report on a pregnant patient with ureteral fibroepithelial polyps that were successfully treated with laparotomy. CASE REPORT: A 23-year-old pregnant woman presented with a three-month history of intermittent lumbar pain of low intensity. Abdominal ultrasonography showed that she was 13 weeks pregnant and found severe left-side ureterohydronephrosis and a heterogeneous solid mass measuring 11 x 8 x 7 centimeters in the middle portion of the ureteral topography. The investigation was complemented with magnetic resonance imaging, which confirmed the previous findings. Nephroureterectomy was performed without complications. The specimen revealed three solid tumors in the ureter, of which the largest was around eight centimeters in length. The anatomopathological report confirmed that they were fibroepithelial tumors without malignant components.CONTEXTO: Pólipos fibroepiteliais de ureter são tumores não-epiteliais benignos raros, e menos de 200 casos foram relatados na literatura. Nós reportamos o caso de uma mulher grávida com pólipos fibroelitelial ureteral que foram tratados com sucesso por laparotomia. RELATO DE CASO: Mulher de 23 anos de idade, grávida, apresentava história de dor lombar intermitente de baixa intensidade há três meses. Ultra-sonografia abdominal revelou gravidez de 13 semanas, ureterohidronefrose grave à esquerda e massa sólida heterogênea medindo 11 x 8 x 7 cm na porção média da topografia ureteral. A investigação foi complementada com ressonância magnética, que confirmou os achados. Foi realizada nefroureterectomia sem complicações. A peça revelou três tumores sólidos em ureter, o maior apresentando aproximadamente oito centímetros longitudinalmente. O relatório anatomopatológico confirmou tumor fibroepitelial sem componentes de malignidade

APROVEITAMENTO DE RESÍDUO SIDERÚRGICO EM BLOCOS CERÂMICOS ARGILOSOS

Neste trabalho foi avaliada a incorporação de resíduo sólido, conhecido como fercoque, proveniente do setor siderúrgico, em massas argilosas para fabricação de cerâmica vermelha. Foram preparadas massas com os seguintes teores de resíduo: 0; 1,5; 3,0 e 4,0%. As composições de 0% foram submetidas à queima às temperaturas de 800, 900 e 1000 ºC, para determinar a temperatura ideal de queima. Em seguida, todas as composições foram queimadas à temperatura ideal de 900 ºC, durante os períodos de 1h, 1h30min e 2h. As propriedades físicas e mecânicas foram determinadas em função do tempo de queima e da adição do resíduo. Os resultados obtidos indicaram que houve alteração nas propriedades dos corpos de prova, com a utilização do fercoque, revelando que o melhor tempo de queima foi de 2h e a composição mais adequada para a produção de cerâmica vermelha foi de 3,0%.AbstractThis work evaluated the incorporation of the solid siderurgical residue known as “fercoque” which comes from the siderurgical industry, in clay mass for the fabrication of red ceramic. Four different formulations were done in the ratio of 0, 15; 3 and 4%. The compositions of 0% were first burned under the temperatures of 800, 900 and 1000oC, in order to determine the ideal burning temperature for the main tests. Than, all the compositions were burned on de ideal temperature of 900oC for 1hour, 1hour and 30minutes and 2 hours. The physical and mechanical properties were determined in order of the burning time and the ratio of iron waste inserted on the formulation. The results indicated that there was an alteration on the properties of the samples due to the amount of iron waste used. revealing that the best burning time is of 2 hours and the most adequate formulation for the fabrication of red ceramic is of 3% of iron waste in the formulation

Morphometry of crossbred nellore claw in differents farm systems

Foram avaliadas morfometricamente, com auxílio de paquímetro eletrônico (Starrett® 799), as dimensões da parede, sola e bulbo do casco dos dedos III e IV dos membros pélvicos e torácicos, direito e esquerdo, de bovinos nelorados machos (Grupo I-confinados) e fêmeas (Grupo II-extensiva). A avaliação estatística dos dados das medidas externas do Grupo I revelou que nenhum dos parâmetros apresentou diferença estatisticamente significativa. O tratamento estatístico das medidas externas do Grupo II mostrou diferença significativa na espessura da parede dos cascos dos dedos III (MTE3) e IV (MTE4) do membro torácico esquerdo, na largura da sola dos cascos dos dedos III (MPD3 e MPE3) e IV (MPD4 e MPE4) dos membros pélvicos direito e esquerdo e na espessura do bulbo dos cascos dos dedos III (MPE3) e IV (MPE4) do membro pélvico esquerdo. _________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACTIt has been evaluated morphometrically, with the aid of eletronic caliper (Starrett® 799) the dimensions of the wall, sole and bulb claw; III and IV digits of the pelvic and thoracic, right and left feet of crossbred nellore male (Group I) and female (Group II). The statistical analysis of external data from group I found that none of the parameters demonstrate a statistical difference. The statistical analysis of external measure of group II demonstrated a significant difference in the thickness of the claw wall thickness of digit III (LFL3) and (LFL4) from left forelimb, width of the sole of the digit III (RHL3 and LHL3) and IV (RHL4 and LHL4) of the right and left hindlimb, and thickness of the bulb of digit III (LHL3) and (LHL4) of left hindlimb from group II animals

Association of CYP1A1 A4889G and T6235C polymorphisms with the risk of sporadic breast cancer in Brazilian women

OBJECTIVES:We examined the influence of CYP1A1 A4889G and T6235C polymorphisms on the risk of sporadic breast cancer.METHODS:DNA from 742 sporadic breast cancer patients and 742 controls was analyzed using the polymerase chain reaction, followed by the restriction fragment length polymorphism technique.RESULTS:More patients had the CYP1A1 4889AG+GG genotype compared to controls (29.0% versus 23.2%, p=0.004). The G allele carriers had a 1.50-fold increased risk (95% CI: 1.14-1.97) of sporadic breast cancer compared to the other study participants. The frequency of the 4889AG+GG genotype among the Caucasian patients was higher than in the non-Caucasian patients (30.4% versus 20.2%, p=0.03) and controls (30.4% versus 23.2%, p=0.002). Caucasians and G allele carriers had a 1.61-fold increased risk (95% CI: 1.20-2.15) of sporadic breast cancer compared to other subjects. The CYP1A1 4889AG+GG genotype was more common among patients with a younger median age at first full-term pregnancy than among controls (33.8% versus 23.2%, p=0.001) and subjects whose first full-term pregnancies occurred at an older age (33.8% versus 26.1%, p=0.03). Women with the CYP1A1 4889AG+GG genotype and earlier first full-term pregnancies had a 1.87-fold (95% CI: 1.32-2.67) increased risk of sporadic breast cancer compared to the other study participants. Excess CYP1A1 4889AG+GG (39.8% versus27.1%, p=0.01) and 6235TC+CC (48.4% versus 35.9%, p=0.02) genotypes were also observed in patients with grade I and II tumors compared to patients with grade III tumors and controls (39.8% versus 23.2%, p=0.04; 48.4% versus 38.6%, p=0.04). The G and C allele carriers had a 2.44-fold (95% CI: 1.48-4.02) and 1.67-fold (95% CI: 1.03-2.69) increased risk, respectively, of developing grade I and II tumors compared to other subjects.CONCLUSIONS:The CYP1A1 A4889G and T6235C polymorphisms may alter the risk of sporadic breast cancer in Brazilian women

Association of CYP1A1 A4889G and T6235C polymorphisms with the risk of sporadic breast cancer in brazilian women

We examined the influence of CYP1A1 A4889G and T6235C polymorphisms on the risk of sporadic breast cancer. DNA from 742 sporadic breast cancer patients and 742 controls was analyzed using the polymerase chain reaction, followed by the restriction fragment length polymorphism technique. RESULTS: More patients had the CYP1A1 4889AG + GG genotype compared to controls (29.0% versus 23.2%, p=0.004). The G allele carriers had a 1.50-fold increased risk (95% CI: 1.14-1.97) of sporadic breast cancer compared to the other study participants. The frequency of the 4889AG + GG genotype among the Caucasian patients was higher than in the non-Caucasian patients (30.4% versus 20.2%, p=0.03) and controls (30.4% versus 23.2%, p=0.002). Caucasians and G allele carriers had a 1.61-fold increased risk (95% CI: 1.20-2.15) of sporadic breast cancer compared to other subjects. The CYP1A1 4889AG + GG genotype was more common among patients with a younger median age at first full-term pregnancy than among controls (33.8% versus 23.2%, p=0.001) and subjects whose first full-term pregnancies occurred at an older age (33.8% versus 26.1%, p=0.03). Women with the CYP1A1 4889AG + GG genotype and earlier first full-term pregnancies had a 1.87-fold (95% CI: 1.32-2.67) increased risk of sporadic breast cancer compared to the other study participants. Excess CYP1A1 4889AG + GG (39.8% versus 27.1%, p=0.01) and 6235TC + CC (48.4% versus 35.9%, p=0.02) genotypes were also observed in patients with grade I and II tumors compared to patients with grade III tumors and controls (39.8% versus 23.2%, p=0.04; 48.4% versus 38.6%, p=0.04). The G and C allele carriers had a 2.44-fold (95% CI: 1.48-4.02) and 1.67-fold (95% CI: 1.03-2.69) increased risk, respectively, of developing grade I and II tumors compared to other subjects. The CYP1A1 A4889G and T6235C polymorphisms may alter the risk of sporadic breast cancer in Brazilian women.7010680685FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPES

Prevalence and distribution of pathogenic genes in Campylobacter jejuni isolated from poultry and human sources

Introduction: Campylobacter jejuni is one of the most common bacterial causes of human gastroenteritis. Despite its public health importance, the virulence factors and mechanisms underlying C. jejuni pathogenesis remain poorly understood and the relationships between these genes and the sources of the strains are not clear. We aimed to determine the virulence profiles of C. jejuni isolated from poultry and human cases of Campylobacteriosis. Methodology: A total of 50 strains of C. jejuni isolated from poultry and human cases of Campylobacteriosis were screened by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the presence of six pathogenic genes (flaA, iam, wlaN, cdtA, cdtB, cdtC). Results: A total of 40% (10/25) of the human isolates presented only one virulence marker. In contrast, 64% (16/25) of the poultry-derived strains showed four or five virulence markers. cdtA and flaA occurred more frequently in poultry-derived strains than in human strains. Ten different virulence profiles were observed among the human isolates and 11 among the poultry strains. Only four profiles were common to both sources: profiles 3 (flaA, cdtA, cdtB, and cdtC), 5 (cdtA and cdtB), 7 (flaA and cdtB), and 10 (iam, flaA, cdtA, cdtB, and cdtC). The human-derived strains had a higher Shannon diversity index (1.9396) and Simpson index (0.8367), indicating a more diversified population than found in poultry (1.7742 and 0.7333, respectively). Conclusions: We found variations in the genetic profiles of the circulating strains based on the isolation source and genes that are potentially pathogenic to humans were detected in poultry-derived strains

Descrição morfoquantitativa do tórus digital de bovinos

O tórus digital é caracterizado como um tecido subcutâneo modificado que atua na absorção do impacto durante a locomoção, auxilia o retorno venoso do casco e mantêm o suporte de uma considerável parte do peso corporal. Os tórus possuem particular importância nas patogêneses de casco, já que eles precisam trabalhar corretamente para prevenir compressões e traumas nos tecidos moles. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi quantificar e com isso determinar, como se arranjam estas estruturas, para tanto, foram estabelecidas as proporções dos tecidos conjuntivo, adiposo, vascular e ainda das fibras colágenas e dos tipos de colágenos encontrados nos tórus digitais palmares e plantares de bovinos. Foram utilizados membros torácicos e pélvicos de doze bovinos zebuínos adultos, de ambos os sexos, sendo onze machos e uma fêmea, com peso médio de carcaça com 269kg e sem afecções nos membros. Os fragmentos dos tórus foram submetidos à técnica histológica convencional, cortados em espessura de 4µm e corados com Picrosirius Red. Com o uso de microscópio óptico digital, o tecido conjuntivo e a diferenciação dos tipos de colágeno foram quantificados empregando-se o programa de análise de imagem Image Pro Plus® e para a quantificação dos tecidos adiposo e vascular foi utilizada o sistema teste de pontos. Através do programa GraphPad Prism 5.0 foram obtidas por meio de uma analise descritiva a media e o erro padrão da media, em seguida os dados foram submetidos à aplicação do teste de normalidade de Kolmogorov-Smirnov e ao teste "T" Student com nível de significância de 5% para a determinação da quantidade encontrada dos diferentes tecidos entre os membros torácicos e pélvicos dos animais estudados. Nos membros torácicos a média e o erro padrão da proporção de tecido conjuntivo foi de 50,10%+1,54, a de tecido adiposo foi de 21,34%+1,44 e a de tecido vascular foi de 3,43%+0,28. Os membros pélvicos apresentaram uma proporção de tecido conjuntivo de 61,61%+1,47, de tecido adiposo de 20,66%+1,53 e de tecido vascular de 3,06%+0,20. Verificou-se diferença estatística na proporção de tecido conjuntivo entre membros torácicos e pélvicos (p<0,001). As fibras colágenas tipo I e III apresentaram, respectivamente, uma proporção de 31,89% e 3,9% nos membros torácicos e 34,05% e 1,78% nos membros pélvicos. Os tórus digitais, de acordo com a metodologia utilizada, apresentaram diferenciação evidente em relação ao tecido adiposo entre membros torácicos e pélvicos.The digital cushion is characterized as a modified subcutaneous tissue that absorbs the shock during gait, assists venous return of the hoof and supports a considerable part of body weight. Digital cushions have particular importance in the pathogenesis of the hoof, since they need to properly work in order to prevent compression and traumas in soft tissues. This study aimed to measure and determine how is the arrangement of these structures, and for this it was established the proportions of connective, adipose, vascular tissues and collagen fibers and collagen types found in palmar and plantar digital cushion of bovine using fore and hindlimbs of twelve adult zebu cattle of both sexes, 11 male and one female, with 269kg average carcass weight and without limb disorders. Fragments of cushions were subjected to conventional histology, cut to a thickness of 4µm and stained with Red Picrosirius. With digital optical microscope, the quantification of the connective tissue and differentiation of types of collagen used the Image Pro Plus® software, and of adipose and vascular tissue, the test point system. The mean and standard error were estimated with the GraphPad Prism 5.0 software, and then data were subjected to Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test and Student's t-test with significance level set at 5% for determining the amount of different tissues between fore and hindlimbs of studied animals. In forelimbs the mean and standard error of the connective tissue proportion was 50.10%+1.54, of the adipose tissue was 21.34%+1.44, and of vascular tissue was 3.43%+0.28. Hindlimbs presented a proportion of connective tissue of 61.61%+1.47, 20.66%+1.53 of adipose tissue, and 3.06%+0.20 of vascular tissue. A significant difference (p<0.001) was detected in the connective tissue proportion between fore and hindlimbs. Types I and II collagen fibers have presented, respectively, a proportion of 31.89% and 3.9% in forelimbs and 34.05% and 1.78% in hindlimbs. According to the used methodology, digital cushions had a clear differentiation relative to adipose tissue between fore and hindlimbs