Density of Grafted Chains in Thioglycerol-Capped CdS Quantum Dots Determines Their Interaction with Aluminum(III) in Water

International audienceWe aimed to quantify the interaction of water-soluble-functionalized CdS quantum dots (QDs) with metal cations from their composition and physical properties. From the diameter of thioglycerol-capped nanoparticles (TG-CdS QDs) measured by electronic microscopy (D = 12.3 ± 0.3 nm), we calculated the molecular mass of the individual particle MAQD = (3 ± 0.5) × 106 g·mol–1 and its molar absorption coefficient ε450 = 21 × 106 M–1·cm–1. We built a three-dimensional model of the TG-CdS QDs in agreement with the structural data, which allowed us to quantify the number of thioglycerol grafted chains to ∼2000 per QD. This value fully matches the saturation binding curve of Al3+ cations interacting with TG-CdS QDs. The reaction occurred with a slow association rate (kon = 2.1 × 103 M–1·s–1), as expected for heavy QDs. The photophysical properties of the functionalized QDs were studied using an absolute QD concentration of 7 nM, which allowed us to investigate the interaction with 14 metallic cations in water. The fluorescence intensity of TG-CdS QDs could be quenched only in the presence of Al3+ ions in the range 0.2–10 μM but not with other cations and was not observed with other kinds of grafting chains

Nano-Electrochemistry and Nano-Electrografting with an Original Combined AFM-SECM

International audienceThis study demonstrates the advantages of the combination between atomic force microscopy and scanning electrochemical microscopy. The combined technique can perform nano-electrochemical measurements onto agarose surface and nano-electrografting of non-conducting polymers onto conducting surfaces. This work was achieved by manufacturing an original Atomic Force Microscopy-Scanning ElectroChemical Microscopy (AFM-SECM) electrode. The capabilities of the AFM-SECM-electrode were tested with the nano-electrografting of vinylic monomers initiated by aryl diazonium salts. Nano-electrochemical and technical processes were thoroughly described, so as to allow experiments reproducing. A plausible explanation of chemical and electrochemical mechanisms, leading to the nano-grafting process, was reported. This combined technique represents the first step towards improved nano-processes for the nano-electrograftin

CAFFEINE Dataset

The CAFFEINE dataset contains non-intrusive sensor data (time series) and labels (coffee type for each time series, and actuator activation status at each time step) for 130 coffees. Eight sensors are placed along the power chain of the coffee making process (1 current sensor, 1 voltage sensor, 3 accelerometers, 2 temperature sensors, 1 coffee level sensor), producing signals originated by 5 sources (heating coil, infuser translation motor, grinder, vibration pump, (electronics)), sampled at 6250 Hz. The dataset comes with reading scripts and instructions for Python and MATLAB users. Intended uses for this dataset include blind source separation (multi-label clustering and signal decomposition), classification, as well as regression (multivariate time series forecasting), parameter identification and model synthesis

Temporal Relationship between Atrial Fibrillation and Heart Failure Development Analysis from a Nationwide Database

International audienceBackground Atrial fibrillation (AF) and heart failure (HF) often co-exist and are closely intertwined, each condition worsening the other. The temporal relationships between these two disorders have not yet been fully explored. We aimed to address the outcomes of patients hospitalized with HF and AF based on the chronology of the onset of the two disorders. Methods From the administrative database for the whole French population, we identified 1,349,638 patients diagnosed with both AF and HF between 2010 and 2018; 956,086 of these AF patients developed HF first (prevalent HF), and 393,552 developed HF after AF (incident HF). The outcome analysis (all-cause death, cardiovascular (CV) death, ischemic stroke or hospitalization for HF) was performed with follow-up starting at the time of last event between AF or HF in the whole cohort and in 427,848 propensity score-matched patients. Results During follow-up (mean follow-up 1.6 ± 1.9 year), matched patients with prevalent HF had a higher risk of all-cause death (21.6 vs. 19.3%/year, hazard ratio (HR) 1.10, 95% CI 1.08–1.11), CV death (7.7 vs. 6.5%/year, HR 1.14, 95% CI 1.12–1.16) as well as re-hospitalization for HF (19.4 vs. 13.2%/year, HR 1.44, 95% CI 1.41–1.46) than those with incident HF. The risk for ischemic stroke was lower in prevalent HF than in incident HF (1.2 vs. 2.4%/year, HR 0.50, 95% CI 0.48–0.52). Conclusions We identified two distinct clinical entities: patients in whom HF preceded AF (prevalent HF) had higher mortality and higher risk of re-hospitalization for HF

Fractional Flow Reserve to Guide Treatment of Patients With Multivessel Coronary Artery Disease

International audienc