A sedimentação carbonífera na Bacia do Buçaco (Centro de Portugal)

Os aspectos gerais das ocorrências do Carbónico continental em Portugal são descritos por Ribeiro et al. (1979), Teixeira & Gonçalves (1980) e Teixeira (1981). A revisão da cronoestratigrafia da flora fóssil destas formações e uma síntese da evolução tectónica de cada uma das bacias podem ser encontradas no volume editado por Sousa & Oliveira em 1983, dedicado ao Carbónico de Portugal. (...

Ionization fraction and the enhanced sulfur chemistry in Barnard 1

Barnard B1b has revealed as one of the most interesting globules from the chemical and dynamical point of view. It presents a rich molecular chemistry characterized by large abundances of deuterated and complex molecules. Furthermore, it hosts an extremely young Class 0 object and one candidate to First Hydrostatic Core (FHSC). Our aim was to determine the cosmic ray ionization rate and the depletion factors in this extremely young star forming region. We carried out a spectral survey towards Barnard 1b as part of the IRAM Large program ASAI using the IRAM 30-m telescope at Pico Veleta (Spain). This provided a very complete inventory of neutral and ionic C-, N- and S- bearing species with, up to our knowledge, the first secure detections of the deuterated ions DCS+ and DOCO+. We used a state-of-the-art pseudo-time-dependent gas-phase chemical model to determine the value of the cosmic ray ionization rate and the depletion factors. The observational data were well fitted with $\zeta_{H_2}$ between 3E-17 s$^{-1}$ and 1E-16 s$^{-1}$. Elemental depletions were estimated to be ~10 for C and O, ~1 for N and ~25 for S. Barnard B1b presents similar depletions of C and O than those measured in pre-stellar cores. The depletion of sulfur is higher than that of C and O but not as extreme as in cold cores. In fact, it is similar to the values found in some bipolar outflows, hot cores and photon-dominated regions. Several scenarios are discussed to account for these peculiar abundances. We propose that it is the consequence of the initial conditions (important outflows and enhanced UV fields in the surroundings) and a rapid collapse (~0.1 Myr) that permits to maintain most S- and N-bearing species in gas phase to great optical depths. The interaction of the compact outflow associated with B1b-S with the surrounding material could enhance the abundances of S-bearing molecules, as well.Comment: Paper accepted in Astronomy and Astrophysics; 28 pags, 21 figure

The Migmatitic Complex of Mundão (Viseu, northern Portugal)

A presença de rochas migmatíticas (metatexitos e diatexitos) na região de Mundão (Zona Centro-Ibérica) mostra que as condições de fusão parcial foram atingidas durante o metamorfismo regional varisco neste sector. Com base nas relações com a deformação, foi possível identificar várias gerações de leucossomas e demonstrar que o processo de anatexia começou relativamente cedo, durante os estádios finais do engrossamento crustal (D1) e continuou durante a tectónica extensional (D2) e transcorrente (D3) subsequentes.The occurrence of migmatites (metatexites and diatexites) in the Mundão region (Central Iberian Zone) shows that the Variscan regional metamorphism reached the partial melting conditions in this sector. According to the relationships with the deformation, it was possible to identify several generations of leucosomes and demonstrate that crustal anatexis started relatively early, during the last stages of crustal thickening (D1) and continued during subsequent extensional (D2) and transcurrent (D3) tectonics

New U-Pb zircon ages for Early Ordovician magmatism in Central Portugal

The Mundão anatectic complex is located in the axial zone of the Iberian massif of Central Northern Portugal (Central Iberian Zone). It consists of lenticular bodies of felsic gneisses and stromatic metatexites derived from metasedimentary protoliths of Neoproterozoic-Lower Cambrian age, both showing evidence of incipient to extensive partial melting during the Variscan orogeny. Although the precise age of the migmatization event is still unknown, field and structural evidence show that the partial melting conditions were reached in the last stages of crustal thickening (D1), continued during subsequent extensional deformation (D2) and culminated with the emplacement of large volumes of S-type granite magmas in a transcurrent tectonic regime (D3). The upper limit for crustal melting is provided by the Late Carboniferous age of the S-type granitoids (312.4 2.7 Ma) intruding the Mundão anatectic complex. Due to their transitional contacts with the stromatic metatexites, the felsic gneisses were previously interpreted as diatexites resulting from anatexis of the same pelitic and/or metagreywacke protolith. However, new U–Pb dating by ID-TIMS show that the zircon fractions from one sample of the leucocratic gneisses are concordant and yield a 206Pb/238U weighted average age of 474.5 1.5 Ma. The results obtained reveal that these rocks correspond to orthogneisses instead of sedimentary-derived diatexites and provide a good estimate for the crystallization age of their magmatic protolith. In contrast, the monazite fractions show distinct 207Pb/235U ages of 341.8 2.1 Ma and 453.4 2.0 Ma and may therefore have lost Pb to different extent during Variscan deformation and metamorphism. The preservation of inherited ages of the igneous protolith in the Mundão leucocratic gneisses suggests that zircon was mainly incorporated as restitic material, with only minor precipitation and/or recrystallization during crustal anatexis. The new age of the Mundão orthogneiss brackets the so-called Early Ordovician Sardic unconformity, characteristic of the Central Iberian Zone

Analyticity in theta and infinite volume limit of the topological susceptibility in SU(3) gauge theory

The large volume behaviour of the topological susceptibility in SU(3) gauge theory is investigated on the lattice to establish an upper limit on the parity violating terms.Comment: 2 pages, 1 figure, poster presented at Lattice 2004(topology

Origin and emplacement of syn-orogenic Variscan granitoids in Iberia the Beiras massif

The Beiras batholith consists of four main Variscan granitoid suites intruded into metasediments of Proterozoic-Cambrian and Palaeozoic age in Central Northern Portugal: a) the early, syn-D3 granodiorite-monzogranite suite (314-311 Ma); b) the highly peraluminous syn-D3 two-mica/leucogranite suite (308 Ma); c) the late-post-D3 granodiorite-monzogranite suite (306 Ma) and (d) the late-post-D3, peraluminous, biotite-muscovite granite suite (300-295 Ma). Major, trace and isotopic data suggest that the S-type synkinematic two-mica granites result from moderate degrees of partial melting under vapour absent conditions of middle crustal metasedimentary sources comparable to the Proterozoic-Cambrian metapelite-metagraywacke units presently exposed in the studied area. A major contribution from metaigneous lower crust materials and/or interaction with mantle derived magmas appears to be required to produce the early, syn-D3 granodiorite-monzogranite suite. The emplacement of large volumes of late-post-kinematic granites showing decoupled high-K calc-alkaline and peraluminous signatures documents the importance of combined fractional crystallization and mixing processes (AFC) in granite petrogenesis. In a scenario of post-collisional re-equilibration of a thickened lithosphere, asthenospheric mantle upwelling and underplating of abundant basaltic melts at base of the crust is thought to have lead to widespread dehydration melting of lower-to mid-crustal lithologies and consequent formation of peraluminous granite magmas (syn-D3 two-mica granites). Mixing to various degrees of anatectic crustal melts with a juvenile asthenospheric mantle component is considered the major controlling process involved in the production of the late-post-D3, high-K calc-alkaline suite. Concomitant fractional crystallization can explain the geochemical signatures of the more evolved rocks, including those of the late-post-D3, peraluminous, biotite-muscovite granites

Influence of Production Strategy on Gross Waste Output and Temporal Pattern of Gilthead Seabream (Sparus Aurata) Farming: Implications for Environmental Management

This study compares the farm management model used in the Mediterranean gilthead seabream (GHSB; Sparus aurata) industry (S1)—stepped entry of juveniles throughout the year with several production cycles and fish ages overlapping in a single farm—with that used in the salmon industry (S2)—the whole is farm filled with fish that are the same age at once with a fallowing period between rearing cycles—in terms of waste production by coupling digestibility coefficients with growth, feeding, and eating behavior models into a mass balance model. We considered the total C, N, and P content in the different waste fractions (particulate and dissolved wastes). The model, which simulated real farming conditions, showed relevant quantitative and qualitative differences between both strategies, with stocked biomass and water temperature as the main drivers, the amount of feed wasted by chewing as the most relevant fraction differentiating both strategies, and the fallowing period as the main distinguishing management feature. We discuss the influence of both farming strategies on some key performance and environmental aspects, such as benthic recovery, the breakdown of the life cycle of pathogens, and adaptability to climate change. Our results suggest that changing the GHSB industry’s production model is necessary for its sustainability.Versión del edito

First report of charcoal rot, caused by macrophomina phaseolina, on Blueberry in Southwestern Spain

In Europe, Huelva province in Southwestern Spain is the main berry production area. Blueberry(Vaccinium spp.) was introduced during the early 90?s as an addition to strawberry cultivation.From 2011 to 2018, blueberry acreage increased from 777 ha to 3,000 ha. In May 2015 andSeptember 2017, wilted southern highbush blueberry plants (cvs. "Star", "Ventura", and "Legacy")were collected from three orchards located in the Huelva production area (Gibraleón and Moguer).The diseased plants showed drying of foliage and brown discoloration of stems and roots. Root andstem of symptomatic plants were surface sterilized (2 min,1% sodium hypochlorite), rinsed, dried,and plated on potato dextrose agar (PDA). After 7 days at 30º C in the dark, fungal isolatesproduced numerous black, round to ovoid shaped sclerotia with an average diameter of 98 μm(range: 61 to 128 μm). Genomic DNA from a single sclerotium isolate (TOR-872) was extractedfollowing the technique described by Bekesiova et al. (1999). Four DNA regions were amplifiedand sequenced: the exon region of translation elongation factor 1- α (TEF-1 α), β-tubulin (β-TUB),calmodulin (CAL), and the ITS region. TEF-1 α was amplified with the EF1-728F and EF1-986Rprimers (Carbone and Kohn, 1999), the β-TUB with the T1 and T22 primers (O?Donnell andCigelnik, 1997), the CAL with the CAL-228F and CAL-737R primers (Carbone and Kohn, 1999)and the ITS with the ITS5 and ITS4 primers (White et al., 1990). After BLASTing the 4 sequencesagainst the GenBank database, the top hits corresponded to Macrophomina phaseolina with a 99-100% of sequence identity for all cases. Our sequences were submitted to GenBank underAccession numbers: MK447854 (TEF-1 α), MK447918 (β-TUB), MK447823 (CAL) andMK447886 (ITS). Morphological and molecular results confirmed this isolate as M. phaseolina(Holliday and Punithalingam, 1970). In Gibraleón, in 7.87% of nearly dead plants (cv. Ventura)only M. phaseolina was isolated, whereas in Moguer disease incidence was 30, 7, and 2.27% in cvs."Star", "Ventura", and "Legacy", respectively. Inoculum for pathogenicity testing was produced bygrowing isolates TOR-872 and TOR-862 (both from diseased blueberry plants) on PDA. Inaddition, pathogenicity of a M. phaseolina isolate (TOR-102), from a strawberry soil and confirmedas pathogenic to strawberry, was tested because blueberry is usually cultivated in soils wherestrawberry had grown. Six potted blueberry plants (cv. "Star") per isolate were inoculated bysubstrate irrigation with 50 ml of a sclerotia suspension (104 sclerotia/ml) of each isolate. Sixcontrol plants were irrigated with water. Plants were held at 28°C and 40/70% relative humidity(day/night) in a growth chamber with a 16-h photoperiod. Four months after inoculation, themortality of the inoculated plants was 33, 50 and 50% for isolates TOR-862, TOR-872, and TOR-102, respectively. M. phaseolina was reisolated from all dead plants. No symptoms were observedin control plants. Macrophomina phaseolina has been associated with a blight disease on blueberryin Serbia (Popović et al., 2018) but this is the first report of charcoal rot on blueberry in Spain. Theaggressiveness of the strawberry soil isolate was also confirmed on blueberry. In Spain, chemicalfumigation in soil is banned in blueberry production. Thus, blueberry may be grown on fields with a previous history of strawberry production and carry-over of M. phaseolina causing charcoal rot maysignificantly impact crop production.Fil: de los Santos, B.. Ifapa Centro Las Torres; EspañaFil: Aguado, A.. Ifapa Centro Las Torres; EspañaFil: Borrero, C.. Departamento de Ciencias Agroforestales; EspañaFil: Viejobueno, Josefina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Tucuman-Santiago del Estero. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Famaillá; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán; ArgentinaFil: Avilés, M.. Departamento de Ciencias Agroforestales; Españ