Cooperative Spectrum Sensing Technique Based on Blind Detection Method

Spectrum sensing is a key task for cognitive radio. Our motivation is to increase the probability of detection of spectrum sensing in cognitive radio. The spectrum-sensing algorithms are proposed based on the statistical methods like EVD,CVD of a covariance matrix. In this Two test statistics are then extracted from the sample covariance matrix. The decision on the signal presence is made by comparing the two test statistics.The Detection probability and the associated threshold are found based on the statistical theory. In this paper, we study the collaborative sensing as a means to improve the performance of the proposed spectrum sensing technique and show their effect on cooperative cognitive radio network. Simulations results and performances evaluation are done in Matlab and the results are tabulated

Specialties of Inscriptions and Linguistic Personality Found in Inscriptions

Inscriptions can survive for thousands of years. Inscriptions have been developing since the 16th century. They are the most reliable evidence of the most ancient historical messages and events. An inscription is a message engraved on a stone to be immortalized for a long time. Inscriptions are also engraved on stone, copper plate and paper. In the inscriptions mostly the edicts of the kings, their works, and victories, donations for temples, festivals, social customs, genealogical references and traditional stories are engraved. Inscriptions are often found in public places. We can see inscriptions in caves, common halls, pillars and so on. The practice of engraving on inscriptions is done all around the world. Archaeology department has brought to light many languages that are still alive and used by many people. The oldest inscriptions in Tamil Nadu are engraved on middle stones and it is proved in the book Tolkappiyam. There are references in the Tolkapiyam about the martyrs on the battlefield, stone carvings and engravings of heroic deeds. During the Pallavar period, inscriptions were inscribed in Bragirutham, Sanskrit, and Tamil languages. Cholars and Pandiars used to engrave inscriptions. Thus inscriptions flourished in Tamilnadu and much of medieval history is known. Over the 120 years hundreds of inscriptions have been found in South India. Inscriptions are carved on stones. No one can revise, rewrite and render something new in it because it is carved in stone. The uniqueness of the inscriptions is that it remains unchanged even today. Thus this article is about the ancient stone inscriptions, its features and about the linguistic personality used in this inscriptions

Production pattern in the marine fisheries of Kerala

Fisheries play a crucial role in the Kerala economy. Although the coastline is only about one tenth of the coastline of India, landings in Kerala constitute more than 30 pet of the country's total marine fish production. This sector provides the main source of income for about 147900 active fishermen and for almost an equal number engaged in the activities of processing and marketing. Earnings from export of marine production from Kerala have during the past two decades increased considerably. The marine fisheries sector is therefore one of the major concerns of the economic planners in the state of Kerala and the object of A various development programmes

An effective singular oscillator for Duffin-Kemmer-Petiau particles with a nonminimal vector coupling: a two-fold degeneracy

Scalar and vector bosons in the background of one-dimensional nonminimal vector linear plus inversely linear potentials are explored in a unified way in the context of the Duffin-Kemmer-Petiau theory. The problem is mapped into a Sturm-Liouville problem with an effective singular oscillator. With boundary conditions emerging from the problem, exact bound-state solutions in the spin-0 sector are found in closed form and it is shown that the spectrum exhibits degeneracy. It is shown that, depending on the potential parameters, there may or may not exist bound-state solutions in the spin-1 sector.Comment: 1 figure. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1009.159

Relativistic Aharonov-Casher Phase in Spin One

The Aharonov-Casher (AC) phase is calculated in relativistic wave equations of spin one. The AC phase has previously been calculated from the Dirac-Pauli equation using a gauge-like technique \cite{MK1,MK2}. In the spin-one case, we use Kemmer theory (a Dirac-like particle theory) to calculate the phase in a similar manner. However the vector formalism, the Proca theory, is more widely known and used. In the presence of an electromagnetic field, the two theories are `equivalent' and may be transformed into one another. We adapt these transformations to show that the Kemmer theory results apply to the Proca theory. Then we calculate the Aharonov-Casher phase for spin-one particles directly in the Proca formalism.Comment: 12 page

TO STUDY THE DRUG UTILIZATION PATTERN OF ANTIBIOTICS IN POST-OPERATIVE PATIENTS IN THE DEPARTMENT OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY AT TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITALS.

ABSTRACT:Objectives: The study is carried out to determine possible irrational use of drugs,antibiotic sensitivity pattern,minimize adverse events,drug-drug interactions.Methodology: It is a prospective observational study carried out in department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bhaskar General Hospital after obtaining permission from the institutional human ethics committee. It is carried out on 50 patients of post-operative cases for duration of two months by obtaining their case-sheet data. The prescriptions were assessed for patient's demographic data, antimicrobial preference, dose, duration, route of administration, categorization of drugs according to FDA, rationality score as per WHO, prescribing indicators score as per WHO.Results: The average number of drugs per patient is 3. The most frequently prescribed drugs were Metronidazole (dose:400mg-TID;100%), Tinidazole (dose:500mg-BD;90%), Ceftriaxome (dose:200mg-BD;100%),Amoxicillin+Clavulinic acid (dose:625mg-TID;14%).The brand drugs used are 100%,Generic drugs-0%, Essential drugs-87.5%,Non essential drugs-12.5%,Category B drugs-100%.Conclusion: Drug use pattern is rational with few exceptions. All the drugs were prescribed according to FDA category B. Hence we conclude that 20% of prescriptions were under polypharmacy and 80% were according to prescription indicator of WHO

Data mining and wireless sensor network for agriculture pest/disease predictions

Data driven precision agriculture aspects, particularly the pest/disease management, require a dynamic crop-weather data. An experiment was conducted in a semi-arid region to understand the crop-weather-pest/disease relations using wireless sensory and field-level surveillance data on closely related and interdependent pest (Thrips) - disease (Bud Necrosis) dynamics of groundnut crop. Data mining techniques were used to turn the data into useful information/knowledge/relations/trends and correlation of crop-weather-pest/ disease continuum. These dynamics obtained from the data mining techniques and trained through mathematical models were validated with corresponding surveillance data. Results obtained from 2009 & 2010 kharif seasons (monsoon) and 2009-10 & 2010-11 rabi seasons (post monsoon) data could be used to develop a real to near real-time decision support system for pest/disease predictions

CLINICAL STUDY OF UDAVARTINI (DYSMENORRHEA) YONIVYAPATH WITH ORAL ADMINISTRATION OF JEERAKADIMODAKA AND RASNADITAILA MATRAVASTI

Udavartini (Dysmenorrhea) is one of the most common clinical problem observed in regular practice. Dysmenorrhea is a medical condition of pain during menstruation that interferes with daily activities, as defined by ACOG and others. Dysmenorrhea can be correlated with Udavartini Yonivyapad in Ayurveda. The treatment of this disorder is still unsatisfactory in modern medicine, as the usage of anti spasmodic drugs, hormones may cause many side effects like hypertension, psychological disturbances etc. An attempt has been made to treat this condition with Ayurvedic system of medicine. So a research work has been carried out to study the efficacy of Jirakadi Modaka oral administration and Matravasti with Rasnadi tailam. 50 patients with Udavartini yonivyapat diseases were selected randomly and the drug was administered for the period of 90 days. Encouraging results were observed with the trial drug and the intensity of pain and the successive cycles were less painful. Vasti is considered best treatment for controlling Vata and the orally administered drug Jirakadi Modaka (Bhavaprakasha) has Vedanasthapana, Vaatahara, Anulomana and Rasayana properties. The present study Jeerakadi Modaka orally and Rasnadi tailam Matra vasti combine acts against Udavartini and is highly effective

EVALUATION OF ANTI-PYRETIC ACTION OF NELAMUCHCHALA (GYMNOSTACHYAM FEBRIFUGUM BENTH.)-AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY

Folklore medicine is an integral part of Ayurveda. Nelamuchchala (Gymnostachyam febrifugum Benth.) is one such drug which is traditionally used for fever, ulcers, cough, metrorrhagia and puerperal fever. The objective of the study is evaluation of the anti-pyretic actions in albino rats. The healthy albino rats are selected and grouped into 5. The control, standard, trial into three in different dosage forms i.e., normal dose (1ml), half dose (0.5ml). double dose (2ml) The decoction of Trial drug prepared and given in the different dosage forms. Pyrexia or Fever is induced by using Brewer's Yeast solution injected subcutaneously at thigh region and temperature rise after 1hr. Then hourly temperature recorded upto 14 hours. Result obtained from the study was statistically analysed that standard, trail group in normal (p<0.001) and double dose(p<0.001) are highly significant and no significant change was observed in control group (p>0.05) effect in albino rats. The present study has revealed that the decoction of Nelamuchchala (Gymnostachyam febrifugum Benth) efficacious to reduce pyrexia in albino rats. The observations could be considered to be the reference standards in future studies