Attention estimation by simultaneous analysis of viewer and view

Abstract — This paper introduces a system for estimating the attention of a driver wearing a first person view camera using salient objects to improve gaze estimation. A challenging data set of pedestrians crossing intersections has been captured using Google Glass worn by a driver. A challenge unique to first person view from cars is that the interior of the car can take up a large part of the image. The proposed system automatically filters out the dashboard of the car, along with other parts of the instrumentation. The remaining area is used as a region of interest for a pedestrian detector. Two cameras looking at the driver are used to determine the direction of the driver’s gaze, by examining the eye corners and the center of the iris. This coarse gaze estimation is then linked to the detected pedestrians to determine which pedestrian the driver is focused on at any given time. I

Penerbitan SKPI sebagai Indikator Ekspor Hasil Tangkapan Madidihang di PPN Ambon

The Fish Landing Certificate (SKPI) is an indicator for small-scale fishermen in exporting their catch. In accordance with article 2 of Permen No.13/MEN/2012 SKPI is an instrument derived from SHTI which aims to facilitate trade activities to eradicate IUU Fishing and ensure traceability of fish catches and ensure the conservation of sustainable management of fisheries resources. This study aims to analyze the amount of yellowfin tuna production based on fishing time and fishing area (DPI), analyze trends and distribution patterns of yellowfin tuna exports based on SKPI data at the Ambon Archipelago Fishery Port. Methods Data collection was carried out through observation and interviews with quantitative descriptive analysis and trend analysis. The results showed that the highest amount of yellowfin tuna production based on DPI was in WPP 715 and the fishing area with the least production was in WPP 718. The percentage of development trends in production of yellowfin tuna catches based on SKPI data showed that the highest percentage of production was in August and the lowest percentage of production was in May. Furthermore, for the flow of distribution of tuna exports from small-scale fishermen, they usually take care of the SKPI directly at the Ambon PPN harbor. After the required documents have been validated for completeness, the harbormaster will immediately issue an SKPI. After requirements documents are validated furthermore used to be sent to America, Vietnam and Japan

TRADISI DAN KELEMBAGAAN MASYARAKAT DALAM PENGELOLAAN SUMBERDAYA PESISIR DAN LAUT DI KOTA TIDORE KEPULAUAN PROVINSI MALUKU UTARA

Increasing of global awareness related to environmental management, ecosystems, and fisheries resources is a trigger in the reactualization of community traditions and institutions. People of Tidore Islands City, known as indigenous people with their coastal and marine institutional traditions in North Maluku Province, have a local order handed down in the utilization of the coastal and marine resources. This study aimed to analyze the existence of traditions and institutions and their effects on managing coastal and marine resources in the City of Tidore Islands. The research was conducted on June-August 2019 in the city of Tidore Islands. This research encompass 4 Subdistrict and 2 villages namely, Tomalou, Mareku, Soasio and Dowora Subdistrict as well as Mare Gam and Maitara village,. The research applied a qualitative method, which involves in-depth interview techniques, observation, and documentation. Data were analysed using a qualitative descriptive analysis. The results of the study showed that there are five local wisdoms that are maintained by the people of Tidore Islands City nowadays. These local wisdom is a legacy from the ancestors in the management of coastal and marine resources, namely Karo Kahiya (Calling the Dolphins), Fola Sow (Lit. House of Medicine), Jere (Sacred), Cofa (Fish breeding) and Saihu (Leader/Fishing Master). The approach to management of coastal and marine resources with procedures or traditions and institutions contributed a significant impact (very effective) on local communities in relation to the sustainable use of coastal and marine resources. as well as the preservation of local traditions and customary institutions. ABSTRAK Meningkatnya kesadaran global terkait pengelolaan lingkungan, ekosistem dan pemanfaatan sumberdaya perikanan menjadi pemicu dalam reaktualisasi tradisi dan kelembagaan masyarakat. Masyarakat Kota Tidore Kepulauan yang dikenal sebagai masyarakat adat dengan tradisi kelembagaan pesisir dan lautnya di Provinsi Maluku Utara, merupakan masyarakat yang memiliki tatanan lokal yang turun temurun dalam pemanfaatan sumberdaya pesisir dan laut dimaksud. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganlisis eksistensi tradisi dan kelembagaan serta pengaruhnya terhadap pengelolaan sumberdaya pesisir dan laut di Kota Tidore Kepulauan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada Juni- Agustus 2019, di Kota Tidore Kepulauan meliputi 2 desa dan 4 kelurahan yakni, Desa Mare Gam, Desa Maitara, Kelurahan Tomalou dan Kelurahan Mareku, Kelurahan Soasio dan kelurahan Dowora. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif, yang melibatkan teknik-teknik wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan sampai saat ini masih terdapat lima kearifan lokal yang tetap terjaga oleh masyarakat Kota Tidore Kepulauan yang merupakan warisan dari para leluhur dalam pengelolaan sumbedaya pesisir dan laut, yakni Karo Kahiya (Memanggil Lumba Lumba), Fola Sow (Rumah Obat), Jere (Keramat), Cofa (Penangkaran Ikan) dan Saihu (Pemimpin/Nakoda dalam Operasi Penangkapan Ikan). Pendekatan pengelolaan sumberdaya pesisir dan lautan dengan tradisi dan kelembagaan telah memberikan dampak yang sangat signifikan (sangat efektif) bagi masyarakat setempat dalam pemanfaatan sumberdaya pesisir dan lautan yang berkelanjutan maupun pelestarian tradisi dan kelembagaan adat istiadat setempat. Kata Kunci: Tradisi, kelembagaan, pengelolaan, sumberdaya, Tidor

Augmented Repair of Degenerative Tears of Tendo Achilles Using Peroneus Brevis Tendon: Early Results

Reconstruction of degenerated ruptures of the tendoachilles is a challenge. Ruptured tendons and the remaining tendon ends are abnormal. A number of methods have been described in literature reconstruct the tendoachilles, but with variable results. We used peroneus brevis tendon in 20 patients to augment the repair of degenerated tendoachilles tears by creating a dynamic loop as described by Teuffer et al. All patients were followed up for atleast 18 months. At the last postoperative visit, 18 out of 20 patients were able to do a toe raise. Eighty-five per cent of patients had excellent or good results and 15% had fair or poor results using modified Rupp scoring. Advantages offered by this procedure are the use of a single incision and mini incision and use of a dispensable tendon such as the peroneus brevis without entirely depending on the damaged tendon for healing

PROFIL DAN PERSEPSI NELAYAN TERHADAP PERUBAHAN HASIL TANGKAPAN IKAN PERAIRAN PANTAI DI TELUK AMBON

Nelayan mengetahui sumberdaya laut secara rinci, juga lingkungan mereka dan aktifitas penangkapan yang mereka lalukan, dan pengetahuan ini jarang dikoleksi secara sistimatik. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menguji persepsi nelayan terhadap perubahan hasil tangkapan dan penyebabnya. Kami mewawancarai nelayan pantai Haive Besar dengan menggunakan kuisioner yang sifatnya semi terstruktur. Informasi pribadi nelayan seperti umur dan pengalaman menangkap ikan, aktifitas penangkapan seperti alat yang digunakan dan daerah penangkapan, serta pengetahuan mereka tentang perubahan ekosistem menjadi topik pertanyaan di dalam kuisioner. Nelayan dengan usia karir menengah (21-35 tahun) lebih banyak dibandingkan nelayan usia karir muda dan karir tua. Nelayan mendeteksi perubahan pada ekosistem daerah penangkapan mereka seperti banyaknya sampah, limbah minyak, rusak dan berkurangnya habitat karang dan lamun serta kekeruhan. Dampak yang nelayan rasakan adalah hasil tangkapan yang semakin berkurang bahkan tidak ada lagi. Persepsi nelayan terhadap perubahan ekosistem dan hasil tangkapan mereka menjadi dasar bagi penelitian selanjutnya seperti fisheries assessment. FISHERS’ PROFILE AND PERCEPTION ON THE SHIFTING OF CATCH ON THE COAST OF AMBON BAY. Fishers have detailed knowledge of their resources, their environment, and their fishing practices that is rarely systematically collected. This study was undertaken to examine perceptions of fishers on the shifting of catch and the occasion of the changing. We conducted an interview with coastal Hative Besar fishers using a semi-structured questioner. Fishers’ profiles such as age and years at fishery, gears and fishing grounds was one part of the questions. Other part was fishers’ ecological knowledge focused on environmental condition and shifting catch. More fishers with middle career (21-35 year in fishery) than young and old careers were interviewed. Environmental changes included waste in the water, oil, corals and seagrasses degradation, and turbidity affected the catch of fishers. Fish became difficult to be found. We learn from this study that fishers’ perception is an important tool for further fisheries assessment study

Investigation of the key chemical structures involved in the anticancer activity of disulfiram in A549 non-small cell lung cancer cell line

© 2018 The Author(s). Background: Disulfiram (DS), an antialcoholism medicine, demonstrated strong anticancer activity in the laboratory but did not show promising results in clinical trials. The anticancer activity of DS is copper dependent. The reaction of DS and copper generates reactive oxygen species (ROS). After oral administration in the clinic, DS is enriched and quickly metabolised in the liver. The associated change of chemical structure may make the metabolites of DS lose its copper-chelating ability and disable their anticancer activity. The anticancer chemical structure of DS is still largely unknown. Elucidation of the relationship between the key chemical structure of DS and its anticancer activity will enable us to modify DS and speed its translation into cancer therapeutics. Methods: The cytotoxicity, extracellular ROS activity, apoptotic effect of DS, DDC and their analogues on cancer cells and cancer stem cells were examined in vitro by MTT assay, western blot, extracellular ROS assay and sphere-reforming assay. Results: Intact thiol groups are essential for the in vitro cytotoxicity of DS. S-methylated diethyldithiocarbamate (S-Me-DDC), one of the major metabolites of DS in liver, completely lost its in vitro anticancer activity. In vitro cytotoxicity of DS was also abolished when its thiuram structure was destroyed. In contrast, modification of the ethyl groups in DS had no significant influence on its anticancer activity. Conclusions: The thiol groups and thiuram structure are indispensable for the anticancer activity of DS. The liver enrichment and metabolism may be the major obstruction for application of DS in cancer treatment. A delivery system to protect the thiol groups and development of novel soluble copper-DDC compound may pave the path for translation of DS into cancer therapeutics.This work was supported by grant from British Lung Foundation (RG14–8) and Innovate UK (104022).Published versio

Tissue Invasion by Entamoeba histolytica: Evidence of Genetic Selection and/or DNA Reorganization Events in Organ Tropism

Entamoeba histolytica infection may have various clinical manifestations. Nine out of ten E. histolytica infections remain asymptomatic, while the remainder become invasive and cause disease. The most common form of invasive infection is amebic diarrhea and colitis, whereas the most common extra-intestinal disease is amebic liver abscess. The underlying reasons for the different outcomes are unclear, but a recent study has shown that the parasite genotype is a contributor. To investigate this link further we have examined the genotypes of E. histolytica in stool- and liver abscess-derived samples from the same patients. Analysis of all 18 paired samples (16 from Bangladesh, one from the United States of America, and one from Italy) revealed that the intestinal and liver abscess amebae are genetically distinct. The results suggest either that E. histolytica subpopulations in the same infection show varying organ tropism, or that a DNA reorganization event takes place prior to or during metastasis from intestine to liver