Ghost-gluon coupling, power corrections and ΛMSˉ\Lambda_{\bar{MS}} from twisted-mass lattice QCD at Nf=2N_f=2

A non-perturbative calculation of the ghost-gluon running QCD coupling constant is performed using $N_f=2$ twisted-mass dynamical fermions. The extraction of $\Lambda_{\bar{MS}}$ in the chiral limit reveals the presence of a non-perturbative OPE contribution that is assumed to be dominated by a dimension-two \VEV{A^2} condensate. In this contest a novel method for calibrating the lattice spacing in lattice simulations is presented.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures, XXVIII International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory 201

Estrategias de cortesía, afectividad y seducción. En cartas de amor escritas a principios de 1900.

En este trabajo se pretende mostrar las estrategias de seducción utilizadas en cartas enviadas entre una pareja novios durante los nueve años que duró su romance entre los años 1912 y 1920. Entre estas estrategias encontramos recursos de afectividad pero también recursos de la cortesía tales como estrategias reparadoras, disculpas y atenuaciones, que sirven para convertir actos de habla que podrían considerarse descorteses como los pedidos y las quejas en actos corteses. Estas estrategias tienen como finalidad mitigar la fuerza ilocutiva del enunciado para que no resulte amenazante. Analizamos las quejas como recursos seductores sobre todo femeninos que tienen como objetivo lograr el propósito deseado como es la consolidación de la parej

Ghost-gluon coupling, power corrections and ΛMS‾\Lambda_{\overline {\rm MS}} from twisted-mass lattice QCD at Nf=2

We present results concerning the non-perturbative evaluation of the ghost-gluon running QCD coupling constant from $N_f=2$ twisted-mass lattice calculations. A novel method for calibrating the lattice spacing, independent of the string tension and hadron spectrum is presented with results in agreement with previous estimates. The value of $\Lambda_{\overline{MS}}$ is computed from the running of the QCD coupling only after extrapolating to zero dynamical quark mass and after removing a non-perturbative OPE contribution that is assumed to be dominated by the dimension-two \VEV{A^2} gluon condensate. The effect due to the dynamical quark mass in the determination of \Lams is discussed.Comment: 33 pages, 6 fig

New Seleno-Glyconjugates for Nutraceutical Application

Oxidative stress is a disequilibrium redox condition that occurs due to high concentration of prooxidant reactive species (RS) and, by comparison, a lower concentration of endogenous antioxidants in the body.1 Oxidative stress, caused by RS, is involved into the genesis of different pathologies such as inflammatory bowel disease, cardiovascular disease, Alzheimer’s disease, diabetes and cancer.2 Nutraceuticals could be used to prevent oxidative stress as an additional health benefit along with nutrition.1 The use of exogenous antioxidants can ameliorate this stressful condition and restore the redox disequilibrium.3 Polyphenols have a potential health-promoting effect, however, show a low bioavailability.4 For this reason, synthesis of organic seleniumcompounds combined to (poly)phenolic compounds could increase the solubility and exert their potential synergistic antioxidant effects. The approach proposed consists of preparing the D-ribose derivative 1 to obtain the donor 2 then employed to produce glycoconjugates containing well known (poly)phenols through a Mitsunobu reaction.5 To assess the bioactivity of selenoglycoconjugates, DPPH and ABTS antiradical assays were performed, while the effects on cell proliferation were preliminarily investigated on SH-SY5Y cells. The phenol moiety greatly affected both the antiradical efficacy and the mitochondrial redox activity. The glycoconjugates, especially at the highest tested concentrations, exhibited cytotoxic effects lower than that of unconjugated phenolic compounds, underlining the mitigating impact of selenosugar

Mecanismos de transferência de massa na desidratação osmótica de goiaba em soluções de sacarose, sucralose e açúcar invertido.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da concentração de soluções de sacarose, sucralose e açúcar invertido sobre a cinética da desidratação osmótica de pedaços de goiaba. Frações de 1/12 do fruto foram imersas em soluções de sacarose a 0,5 e 0,4 g mL-1, de sacarose a 0,3 g mL-1 + sucralose a 0,2 g L-1 e em xarope de açúcar invertido, a 50 ºC, por 2 h, sob agitação de 60 min. A solução de açúcar invertido promoveu maior perda de água e redução de massa nas amostras de goiaba submetidas à desidratação osmótica. O melhor desempenho foi obtido para o tratamento em solução de sacarose a 0,4 g mL-1, com perda de água e redução de massa semelhantes aos valores obtidos na imersão em solução de sacarose a 0,5 g mL-1 e ganho de sólidos similar ao observado em solução de sacarose a 0,3 g mL-1

Identification of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the p21 (CDKN1A) gene and correlations with longevity in the Italian population

Longevity in humans is determined by multiple environmental and genetic factors. We have investigated possible associations between longevity and Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in the p21 (CDKN1A) gene, a stress-inducible senescence-associated cell cycle inhibitor, expression of which upregulates genes implicated in several age-related diseases. By sequencing the promoter and exons of p21 in genomic DNA of ten individuals over 90 years old, we have identified 30 SNPs, many of which had not been previously characterized. A cluster of minor alleles within the -4547/-3489 bp region did not alter the basal activity or p53 responsiveness of the p21 promoter. We then compared the frequency of 41 p21 SNPs between 184 centenarians and 184 younger subjects in the Italian population. Rare alleles of two exon-derived SNPs, rs1801270 and rs1059234, were significantly under-represented among the centenarians; no significant differences were found for 39 non-exonic SNPs. SNP rs1801270 causes Ser to Arg substitution at amino acid 31 and SNP rs1059234 leads to a nucleotide change in the 3'-untranslated region. Previous studies showed that the rare alleles of these two SNPs may play a role in cancer. These p21 alleles may be potentially detrimental to longevity and therefore are rare in centenarians

Heterogeneous Responses to Antioxidants in Noradrenergic Neurons of the Locus Coeruleus Indicate Differing Susceptibility to Free Radical Content

The present study investigated the effects of the antioxidants trolox and dithiothreitol (DTT) on mouse Locus coeruleus (LC) neurons. Electrophysiological measurement of action potential discharge and whole cell current responses in the presence of each antioxidant suggested that there are three neuronal subpopulations within the LC. In current clamp experiments, most neurons (55%; 6/11) did not respond to the antioxidants. The remaining neurons exhibited either hyperpolarization and decreased firing rate (27%; 3/11) or depolarization and increased firing rate (18%; 2/11). Calcium and JC-1 imaging demonstrated that these effects did not change intracellular Ca2+ concentration but may influence mitochondrial function as both antioxidant treatments modulated mitochondrial membrane potential. These suggest that the antioxidant-sensitive subpopulations of LC neurons may be more susceptible to oxidative stress (e.g., due to ATP depletion and/or overactivation of Ca2+-dependent pathways). Indeed it may be that this subpopulation of LC neurons is preferentially destroyed in neurological pathologies such as Parkinson's disease. If this is the case, there may be a protective role for antioxidant therapies

Natural history of dental caries: Baseline characteristics of the VicGen birth cohort study

Background: Early-life dental caries is a major global health problem. Children's first dental visit is recommended at 2 years age. The VicGeneration (VicGen) oral health birth cohort study aims to understand the multifactorial nature of early childhood caries. This report describes the baseline characteristics of children in the VicGen study. Methods: We merged data between the first (at birth) and fourth waves (18 month age) to assess dental caries among children (primary outcome) and other oral diseases (secondary outcomes) employing t tests, chi-square tests, Fisher's exact tests, and Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel tests using IBM-SPSS(v25). Results: Most children lived in metros with two-parent families. Most guardians were women graduated from high school. Twenty-seven of 389 (6.94%) 18-monthold children experienced dental caries. More children living in rural areas (vs. urban) experienced caries. Females were more likely to experience caries (OR: 2.16). Several children had other oral health problems. In early life, children's oral examination was conducted by midwives, breastfeeding/lactation consultants, hospital nurses, speech pathologists, and breastfeeding clinic staff. Conclusion: VicGen baseline characteristics show that almost 7% of the 18-monthold children experienced caries. There is a need to advance children's recommended first dental visit date and to train early-life healthcare professionals about oral diseases

Heterogeneous Responses to Antioxidants in Noradrenergic Neurons of the Locus Coeruleus Indicate Differing Susceptibility to Free Radical Content

The present study investigated the effects of the antioxidants trolox and dithiothreitol (DTT) on mouse Locus coeruleus (LC) neurons. Electrophysiological measurement of action potential discharge and whole cell current responses in the presence of each antioxidant suggested that there are three neuronal subpopulations within the LC. In current clamp experiments, most neurons (55%; 6/11) did not respond to the antioxidants. The remaining neurons exhibited either hyperpolarization and decreased firing rate (27%; 3/11) or depolarization and increased firing rate (18%; 2/11). Calcium and JC-1 imaging demonstrated that these effects did not change intracellular Ca2+ concentration but may influence mitochondrial function as both antioxidant treatments modulated mitochondrial membrane potential. These suggest that the antioxidant-sensitive subpopulations of LC neurons may be more susceptible to oxidative stress (e.g., due to ATP depletion and/or overactivation of Ca2+-dependent pathways). Indeed it may be that this subpopulation of LC neurons is preferentially destroyed in neurological pathologies such as Parkinson's disease. If this is the case, there may be a protective role for antioxidant therapies