A type system for Continuation Calculus

Continuation Calculus (CC), introduced by Geron and Geuvers, is a simple foundational model for functional computation. It is closely related to lambda calculus and term rewriting, but it has no variable binding and no pattern matching. It is Turing complete and evaluation is deterministic. Notions like "call-by-value" and "call-by-name" computation are available by choosing appropriate function definitions: e.g. there is a call-by-value and a call-by-name addition function. In the present paper we extend CC with types, to be able to define data types in a canonical way, and functions over these data types, defined by iteration. Data type definitions follow the so-called "Scott encoding" of data, as opposed to the more familiar "Church encoding". The iteration scheme comes in two flavors: a call-by-value and a call-by-name iteration scheme. The call-by-value variant is a double negation variant of call-by-name iteration. The double negation translation allows to move between call-by-name and call-by-value.Comment: In Proceedings CL&C 2014, arXiv:1409.259

Towards Emotion Recognition: A Persistent Entropy Application

Emotion recognition and classification is a very active area of research. In this paper, we present a first approach to emotion classification using persistent entropy and support vector machines. A topology-based model is applied to obtain a single real number from each raw signal. These data are used as input of a support vector machine to classify signals into 8 different emotions (calm, happy, sad, angry, fearful, disgust and surprised)

A Metalanguage for Guarded Iteration

Notions of guardedness serve to delineate admissible recursive definitions in various settings in a compositional manner. In recent work, we have introduced an axiomatic notion of guardedness in symmetric monoidal categories, which serves as a unifying framework for various examples from program semantics, process algebra, and beyond. In the present paper, we propose a generic metalanguage for guarded iteration based on combining this notion with the fine-grain call-by-value paradigm, which we intend as a unifying programming language for guarded and unguarded iteration in the presence of computational effects. We give a generic (categorical) semantics of this language over a suitable class of strong monads supporting guarded iteration, and show it to be in touch with the standard operational behaviour of iteration by giving a concrete big-step operational semantics for a certain specific instance of the metalanguage and establishing soundness and (computational) adequacy for this case.Comment: extended version for the special issu

Active Turbulence and Scalar Transport near the Forest–Atmosphere Interface

Turbulent velocity, temperature, water vapor concentration, and other scalars were measured at the canopyatmosphere interface of a 13-14-m-tall uniform pine forest and a 33-m-tall nounuiform hardwood forest. These measurement were used to investigate whether the mixing layer (ML) analogy of Raupach et al. predicts eddy sizes and now characteristics responsible for much of the turbulent stresses and vertical scalar fluxes. For this purpose, wavelet spectra and cospectra were derived and analyzed. It was found that the MI. analogy predicts well vertical velocity variances and integral timescales. However, at low wavenumbers, inactive eddy motion signatures were present in horizontol velocity wavelet spectra, suggesting that MI. may not be suitable for scaling horizontal velocity perturbations. Momentum and scalar wavelet cospectra of turbulent stresses and scalar fluxes demonstrated that active eddy motion, which was shown by Raupach et al. to be the main energy contributor to vertical velocity (w) spectral energy (Em). is also the main scalar flux-transporting eddy motion. Predictions using ML of the peak E, frequency are in excellent agreement with measured waveled cospectral peaks of vertical fluxes (Kh = 1.5, where K is wavenumber and h is canopy height). Using Lorentz wavelet thresholding of vertical velocity time series, wavelet coefficients associated with active turbulence were identified. It was demonstrated that detection frequency of organized structures, as predicted from Lorentz wavelet filtering, relate to the arrival frequency /h and integral timescale, where is the mean horizontal velocity at height z = h. The newly proposed wavelet thresholding approach, which relies on a"global" wavelet threshold formulation for the energy in w, provides simultaneous energy-covariance-preserving characterization of "active" turbulence at the canopy-atmosphere interface

Galaxy And Mass Assembly: Galaxy Zoo spiral arms and star formation rates

Understanding the effect spiral structure has on star formation properties of galaxies is important to complete our picture of spiral structure evolution. Previous studies have investigated connections between spiral arm properties and star formation, but the effect that the number of spiral arms has on this process is unclear. Here, we use the Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA) survey paired with the citizen science visual classifications from the Galaxy Zoo project to explore galaxies’ spiral arm number and how it connects to the star formation process. We use the votes from the GAMA-Kilo Degree Survey Galaxy Zoo classification to investigate the link between spiral arm number and stellar mass, star formation rate, and specific star formation rate (sSFR). We find that galaxies with fewer spiral arms have lower stellar masses and higher sSFRs, while those with more spiral arms tend towards higher stellar masses and lower sSFRs, and conclude that galaxies are less efficient at forming stars if they have more spiral arms. We note how previous studies’ findings may indicate a cause for this connection in spiral arm strength or opacity

Galaxy And Mass Assembly:Galaxy Zoo spiral arms and star formation rates

Understanding the effect spiral structure has on star formation properties of galaxies is important to complete our picture of spiral structure evolution. Previous studies have investigated connections between spiral arm properties and star formation, but the effect that the number of spiral arms has on this process is unclear. Here, we use the Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA) survey paired with the citizen science visual classifications from the Galaxy Zoo project to explore galaxies’ spiral arm number and how it connects to the star formation process. We use the votes from the GAMA-Kilo Degree Survey Galaxy Zoo classification to investigate the link between spiral arm number and stellar mass, star formation rate, and specific star formation rate (sSFR). We find that galaxies with fewer spiral arms have lower stellar masses and higher sSFRs, while those with more spiral arms tend towards higher stellar masses and lower sSFRs, and conclude that galaxies are less efficient at forming stars if they have more spiral arms. We note how previous studies’ findings may indicate a cause for this connection in spiral arm strength or opacity

An improved model for estimating emissions of volatile organic compounds from forests in the eastern United States

The US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis Eastwide Database is used to describe the areal extent, species composition, and tree diameter distributions of United States forests. Horizontal canopy occupancy by genera is then estimated as a function of diameter at breast height. Growing season peak foliar masses are derived from the empirical literature for canopies of deciduous and coniferous genera. A simple canopy model is used to adjust photosynthetically active solar radiation at five vertical levels in the canopy. Leaf temperature and photosynthetically active radiation derived from ambient conditions above the forest canopy are then used to drive empirical equations to estimate genus level emission rates of BVOCs vertically through forest canopies. -Author

The NCOR-HDAC3 co-repressive complex modulates the leukemogenic potential of the transcription factor ERG

The ERG (ETS-related gene) transcription factor is linked to various types of cancer, including leukemia. However, the specific ERG domains and co-factors contributing to leukemogenesis are poorly understood. Drug targeting a transcription factor such as ERG is challenging. Our study reveals the critical role of a conserved amino acid, proline, at position 199, located at the 3' end of the PNT (pointed) domain, in ERG's ability to induce leukemia. P199 is necessary for ERG to promote self-renewal, prevent myeloid differentiation in hematopoietic progenitor cells, and initiate leukemia in mouse models. Here we show that P199 facilitates ERG's interaction with the NCoR-HDAC3 co-repressor complex. Inhibiting HDAC3 reduces the growth of ERG-dependent leukemic and prostate cancer cells, indicating that the interaction between ERG and the NCoR-HDAC3 co-repressor complex is crucial for its oncogenic activity. Thus, targeting this interaction may offer a potential therapeutic intervention