17 research outputs found
Développement et renforcement de l'estime de soi et de la compétence sociale chez les enfants de 6-11 ans : une étude des services offerts en CLSC
Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothÚques de l'Université de Montréal
Synthesis of new para-aminobenzoic acid derivatives, in vitro biological evaluation and preclinical validation of DAB-2-28 as a therapeutic option for the treatment of bladder cancer
Chronic inflammation plays a crucial role in bladder cancer (BCa) development and progression. To offer a unique treatment opportunity for this type of cancer, a hydrazide derivative namely, DAB-1, was recently identified in our laboratory as a potential drug to target cancer-related inflammation. In preclinical models of murine BCa, this particular compound exhibited remarkable anticancer activities. Structurally, DAB-1 is made from para-aminobenzoic acid and bears two different components, a maleimide and a hydrazide moieties, which are critical for its anti-inflammatory activity and its anticancer properties. In order to improve its biological potential, the hydrazide moiety was further modified to provide 3 âs-generation molecules named, DAB-2-28, DAB-2-31A, and DAB-2-31B, and two third-generation molecules named, DAB-3-27 and DAB-3-33. Data from in vitro studies revealed that, among the different DAB molecules under study, DAB-2-28 has less cytotoxic activity with greater efficiency than DAB-1 to inhibit the production of nitric oxide (NO) induced by the combination of IFNÎł with TNFα, as well as the activation of pro-tumoral and pro-inflammatory signaling pathways IL6/STAT3 and TNFα/NFÎșB. Moreover, while DAB-2-28 exhibited similar anti-inflammatory activity in vivo to DAB-1 in a model of carrageenan-induced acute inflammation, it efficiently inhibited the expression of the enzymes iNOS and COX-2 induced by the combined activation of IFNÎł with LPS in peritoneal macrophages. Notably, analysis of the growth kinetics of MB49-I tumors implanted subcutaneously in C57Bl/6 mice showed that DAB-2-28 was more efficient to inhibit tumor development. In conclusion, this study provided preclinical proof-of-principle for DAB-2-28 molecule in the treatment of BCa.Fil: Oufqir, Yassine. UniversitĂ© du QuĂ©bec a Montreal; CanadĂĄFil: Fortin, Laurie. UniversitĂ© du QuĂ©bec a Montreal; CanadĂĄFil: Girouard, Julie. UniversitĂ© du QuĂ©bec a Montreal; CanadĂĄFil: Cloutier, Francis. UniversitĂ© du QuĂ©bec a Montreal; CanadĂĄFil: Cloutier, Maude. UniversitĂ© du QuĂ©bec a Montreal; CanadĂĄFil: Leclerc, Marie France. UniversitĂ© du QuĂ©bec a Montreal; CanadĂĄFil: Belgorosky, Denise. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de OncologĂa; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; ArgentinaFil: Eijan, Ana Maria. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de OncologĂa; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; ArgentinaFil: BĂ©rubĂ©, Gervais. UniversitĂ© du QuĂ©bec a Montreal; CanadĂĄFil: Reyes-Moreno, Carlos. UniversitĂ© du QuĂ©bec a Montreal; Canad
Age Dependent Dysfunction of Mitochondrial and ROS Metabolism Induced by Mitonuclear Mismatch
Mitochondrial and nuclear genomes have to coevolve to ensure the proper functioning of the different mitochondrial complexes that are assembled from peptides encoded by both genomes. Mismatch between these genomes is believed to be strongly selected against due to the consequent impairments of mitochondrial functions and induction of oxidative stress. Here, we used a Drosophila model harboring an incompatibility between a mitochondrial tRNAtyr and its nuclear-encoded mitochondrial tyrosine synthetase to assess the cellular mechanisms affected by this incompatibility and to test the relative contribution of mitonuclear interactions and aging on the expression of impaired phenotypes. Our results show that the mitochondrial tRNA mutation caused a decrease in mitochondrial oxygen consumption in the incompatible nuclear background but no effect with the compatible nuclear background. Mitochondrial DNA copy number increased in the incompatible genotype but that increase failed to rescue mitochondrial functions. The flies harboring mismatch between nuclear and mitochondrial genomes had almost three times the relative mtDNA copy number and fifty percent higher rate of hydrogen peroxide production compared to other genome combinations at 25 days of age. We also found that aging exacerbated the mitochondrial dysfunctions. Our results reveal the tight interactions linking mitonuclear mismatch to mitochondrial dysfunction, mitochondrial DNA regulation, ROS production and aging
Awareness Tool for Safe and Responsible Driving (OSCAR) : A Potential Educational Intervention for Increasing Interest, Openness and Knowledge About the Abilities Required and Compensatory Strategies Among Older Drivers
Abstract : Objective: This pilot study aimed to verify the impact of the awareness tool for safe and responsible driving (OSCAR) on older adultsâ (1) interest, openness, and knowledge about the abilities and compensatory strategies required for safe driving; (2) awareness
of changes that have occurred in their own driving abilities; and (3) actual utilization of compensatory strategies. Methods: A preexperimental design, including a pretest (T0) and posttest (T1) 8 to 10 weeks after exposure to the intervention, was used with 48 drivers aged between 67 and 84. The participants had a valid driving license and drove at least once a week. Results: Overall, the results demonstrate that OSCAR increased interest, openness, and knowledge about the abilities and compensatory strategies of older drivers (P < .01). After exposure to OSCAR, the majority of the participants confirmed that changes had occurred in at least one of their abilities. Moreover, half of the older drivers reported having started using 6 or more compensatory strategies. Conclusion: In summary, in addition to increasing older adultsâ interest, openness, and knowledge to discussion about driving, OSCAR also improved awareness of the changes that could negatively impact safe driving and enhanced utilization of compensatory strategies. While promoting safe driving and the prevention of crashes and injuries, this intervention could ultimately help older adults maintain or increase their transportation mobility. More studies are needed to further evaluate OSCAR and identify ways to improve its effectiveness
Potentiel de croissance de l'EGF et de la caeruléine seuls ou combinés sur le pancréas de rat traité à la réserpine
Ce prĂ©sent travail Ă©tudie la croissance pancrĂ©atique du modĂšle animal d'Ă©tude de la fibrose kystique, le rat traitĂ© de façon chronique Ă la rĂ©serpine. Les travaux dĂ©jĂ parus Ă ce sujet font surtout ressortir le rĂŽle de la sous-alimentation engendrĂ©e par le traitement comme responsable des altĂ©rations observĂ©es au niveau du pancrĂ©as. Nous avons Ă©galement Ă©tudiĂ© les effets de pĂ©riodes de repos de 6 et 30 jours aprĂšs le traitement Ă la rĂ©serpine pour Ă©valuer la rĂ©cupĂ©ration pancrĂ©atique. En effet, des travaux dĂ©montrent la capacitĂ© de rĂ©gĂ©nĂ©ration du pancrĂ©as en situations de stress (destruction chimique ou physique ou pancrĂ©atite). Enfin, dans un dernier temps, lâutilisation de la caerulĂ©ine et de l'EGF, seuls ou combinĂ©s fut testĂ©e durant et aprĂšs le traitement Ă la rĂ©serpine afin de dĂ©terminer si ces agents trophiques pour le pancrĂ©as pouvaient prĂ©venir ou guĂ©rir les altĂ©rations causĂ©es au pancrĂ©as par la rĂ©serpine. GrĂące Ă lâutilisation d'une dose de rĂ©serpine 2 fois plus Ă©levĂ©e que celle normalement administrĂ©e chez ce modĂšle et au protocole des 6 jours de repos, nous avons pu Ă©tablir clairement que la rĂ©serpine a bien des effets distincts de la sous-alimentation quâelle engendre sur les paramĂštres pancrĂ©atiques mesurĂ©s ici. Ceci confirme la validitĂ© de ce modĂšle d'Ă©tude de la fibrose kystique. De plus, le pancrĂ©as a presque totalement rĂ©cupĂ©rĂ© aprĂšs une pĂ©riode de repos de 30 jours suivant le traitement Ă la rĂ©serpine. montrent que la caerulĂ©ine et sa combinaison avec l'EGF permettent de prĂ©venir les dommages et d'accĂ©lĂ©rer la rĂ©cupĂ©ration suite au dommages causĂ©s par la rĂ©serpine. Ceci dĂ©montre l'efficacitĂ© de la caerulĂ©ine comme hormone trophique du pancrĂ©as et que cellules pancrĂ©atique sont capable de rĂ©pondre Ă cette derniĂšre mĂȘme en conditions pathologiques. L'EGF nâa pas pu Ă lui seul prĂ©venir les altĂ©rations ou accĂ©lĂ©rer la rĂ©cupĂ©ration pancrĂ©atique. En ce qui concerne les rĂ©sultats impliquant l'EGF, les variations de la prise alimentaire sont le facteur le plus Ă©vident responsable des diffĂ©rences entre les groupes sous-alimentĂ© ou rĂ©serpine et le groupe tĂ©moin. L'Ăąge des animaux est un autre facteur pouvant expliquer les diffĂ©rences de nos rĂ©sultats avec ceux de la littĂ©rature, un facteur de plus pour tenter d'Ă©lucider le rĂŽle de l'EGF in vivo sur le pancrĂ©as. A la lumiĂšre de ces rĂ©sultats, nous avons apportĂ© de nouveaux faits Ă propos de ce modĂšle animal de la fibrose kystique et nous avons ouvert la voie Ă de nouvelles expĂ©riences concernant la sĂ©crĂ©tion pancrĂ©atique in vivo et in vitro comme complĂ©ment nĂ©cessaire Ă cette Ă©tude
Potentiel de croissance de l'EGF et de la caeruléine seuls ou combinés sur le pancréas de rat traité à la réserpine
Ce prĂ©sent travail Ă©tudie la croissance pancrĂ©atique du modĂšle animal d'Ă©tude de la fibrose kystique, le rat traitĂ© de façon chronique Ă la rĂ©serpine. Les travaux dĂ©jĂ parus Ă ce sujet font surtout ressortir le rĂŽle de la sous-alimentation engendrĂ©e par le traitement comme responsable des altĂ©rations observĂ©es au niveau du pancrĂ©as. Nous avons Ă©galement Ă©tudiĂ© les effets de pĂ©riodes de repos de 6 et 30 jours aprĂšs le traitement Ă la rĂ©serpine pour Ă©valuer la rĂ©cupĂ©ration pancrĂ©atique. En effet, des travaux dĂ©montrent la capacitĂ© de rĂ©gĂ©nĂ©ration du pancrĂ©as en situations de stress (destruction chimique ou physique ou pancrĂ©atite). Enfin, dans un dernier temps, lâutilisation de la caerulĂ©ine et de l'EGF, seuls ou combinĂ©s fut testĂ©e durant et aprĂšs le traitement Ă la rĂ©serpine afin de dĂ©terminer si ces agents trophiques pour le pancrĂ©as pouvaient prĂ©venir ou guĂ©rir les altĂ©rations causĂ©es au pancrĂ©as par la rĂ©serpine. GrĂące Ă lâutilisation d'une dose de rĂ©serpine 2 fois plus Ă©levĂ©e que celle normalement administrĂ©e chez ce modĂšle et au protocole des 6 jours de repos, nous avons pu Ă©tablir clairement que la rĂ©serpine a bien des effets distincts de la sous-alimentation quâelle engendre sur les paramĂštres pancrĂ©atiques mesurĂ©s ici. Ceci confirme la validitĂ© de ce modĂšle d'Ă©tude de la fibrose kystique. De plus, le pancrĂ©as a presque totalement rĂ©cupĂ©rĂ© aprĂšs une pĂ©riode de repos de 30 jours suivant le traitement Ă la rĂ©serpine. montrent que la caerulĂ©ine et sa combinaison avec l'EGF permettent de prĂ©venir les dommages et d'accĂ©lĂ©rer la rĂ©cupĂ©ration suite au dommages causĂ©s par la rĂ©serpine. Ceci dĂ©montre l'efficacitĂ© de la caerulĂ©ine comme hormone trophique du pancrĂ©as et que cellules pancrĂ©atique sont capable de rĂ©pondre Ă cette derniĂšre mĂȘme en conditions pathologiques. L'EGF nâa pas pu Ă lui seul prĂ©venir les altĂ©rations ou accĂ©lĂ©rer la rĂ©cupĂ©ration pancrĂ©atique. En ce qui concerne les rĂ©sultats impliquant l'EGF, les variations de la prise alimentaire sont le facteur le plus Ă©vident responsable des diffĂ©rences entre les groupes sous-alimentĂ© ou rĂ©serpine et le groupe tĂ©moin. L'Ăąge des animaux est un autre facteur pouvant expliquer les diffĂ©rences de nos rĂ©sultats avec ceux de la littĂ©rature, un facteur de plus pour tenter d'Ă©lucider le rĂŽle de l'EGF in vivo sur le pancrĂ©as. A la lumiĂšre de ces rĂ©sultats, nous avons apportĂ© de nouveaux faits Ă propos de ce modĂšle animal de la fibrose kystique et nous avons ouvert la voie Ă de nouvelles expĂ©riences concernant la sĂ©crĂ©tion pancrĂ©atique in vivo et in vitro comme complĂ©ment nĂ©cessaire Ă cette Ă©tude
Le programme dâalimentation scolaire La Cantine dans les Ă©coles permet aussi aux enfants de dĂ©couvrir de nouveaux aliments
Lâobjectif de cet article est dâidentifier les croyances parentales sur les composantes dâun programme dâalimentation scolaire au QuĂ©bec qui influencent leur frĂ©quence dâutilisation. Cette recherche est quantitative et corrĂ©lationnelle. Les donnĂ©es proviennent des rĂ©sultats de deux sondages (2020 et 2022) dâapprĂ©ciation des composantes du programme La Cantine dans les Ă©coles auprĂšs des parents utilisateurs. Les rĂ©sultats exposent une corrĂ©lation modĂ©rĂ©e-supĂ©rieure (0,404 avec un p < 0,01) entre la frĂ©quence dâutilisation du programme et la dĂ©couverte de nouveaux aliments. La dĂ©couverte dâaliments que permettent les programmes de repas scolaires et lâinfluence de cette croyance parentale sur la commande de repas par les parents apparaissent comme un rĂ©sultat novateur. Ainsi, lâenvoi pĂ©riodique du menu dĂ©taillĂ© aux parents est une stratĂ©gie Ă poursuivre afin que ceux-ci puissent juger des aliments que leur enfant va dĂ©couvrir, de lâĂ©quilibre des repas, de la variĂ©tĂ© du menu et des plats qui correspondent, selon eux, Ă ses prĂ©fĂ©rences alimentaires. Des messages promotionnels aux parents quant Ă la variĂ©tĂ© des plats offerts et lâoffre de repas Ă©quilibrĂ©s qui favorisent la dĂ©couverte dâaliments sont des stratĂ©gies marketing Ă considĂ©rer pour augmenter la frĂ©quence dâutilisation du programme.The goal of this article is to identify the parental beliefs on specific components of a school lunch program offered in Quebec, that have an influence on the frequency of use. This research is quantitative and correlative. Data is based on the results of two surveys (2020 and 2022) related to the appreciation of components of the âLa Cantine dans les Ă©colesâ program viewed by parents using the service. Results show a moderate correlation (0.404, p < 0.01) between the frequency of use and the discovery of new food. The discovery of food via school lunch programs and the influence of this parental belief on the meal orders by the parents appear as innovative. Hence, sending a detailed menu periodically to the parents is a strategy to pursue so they may judge the food that their child will discover, the balanced meals, the variety of the menu and of the meals that correspond, according to them, to the childâs food preferences. Key promotional messages to the parents regarding the variety of dishes and the balanced meals offered, that both promote discovering food, are marketing strategies to consider to increase using lunch programs
Un environnement capabilisant favorable au dĂ©ploiement dâun programme canadien dâalimentation scolaire : une Ă©tude des composantes individuelles, socioĂ©conomiques et politiques
MalgrĂ© lâinsĂ©curitĂ© alimentaire persistante chez les moins de 18 ans au Canada, le pays nâa pas dĂ©ployĂ© de programme dâalimentation scolaire, comparativement aux autres pays du G7. Le prĂ©sent article cherche Ă identifier les composantes dâun environnement capabilisant favorable au dĂ©ploiement dâun programme canadien dâalimentation scolaire. Plus spĂ©cifiquement, lâaccent sera mis sur les capabilitĂ©s personnelles des parents. Les donnĂ©es dĂ©montrent quâau-delĂ des caractĂ©ristiques socioĂ©conomiques et politiques, il faut considĂ©rer les capabilitĂ©s personnelles des parents usagers des programmes dâalimentation scolaire. Ainsi, lâanalyse des rĂ©sultats expose une comprĂ©hension actualisĂ©e de ces capabilitĂ©s et des caractĂ©ristiques socioĂ©conomiques.Despite persistent food insecurity among under 18 year olds in Canada, the country has not rolled out a school feeding programme, compared to other G7 countries. This article seeks to identify the components of an enabling environment that is favourable to deploying a Canadian school feeding programme. More specifically, an emphasis will be placed on the personal capabilities of the parents. The data show that beyond socio-economic and political characteristics, the personal capabilities of parents who resort to school feeding programmes must be considered. Thus, the analysis of the results exposes an updated understanding of these capabilities and socio-economic characteristics
La thérapie cognitivo-comportementale dans les cliniques spécialisées du Pavillon Albert-Prévost dans les 50 derniÚres années : innovations et évolution
Le Pavillon Albert-PrĂ©vost (PAP) a jouĂ© un rĂŽle de premier plan dans le dĂ©veloppement dâune psychiatrie moderne. Cette institution de soins et dâenseignement en santĂ© mentale a Ă©tĂ© profondĂ©ment marquĂ©e par la pensĂ©e freudienne et a longtemps Ă©tĂ© considĂ©rĂ©e comme un lieu phare de lâenseignement de la psychanalyse en milieu hospitalier au QuĂ©bec. Mais le PAP a aussi su intĂ©grer au fil des ans dâautres approches thĂ©rapeutiques, basĂ©es sur les donnĂ©es probantes. Si lâarrivĂ©e de cliniciens novateurs dans les annĂ©es 1980, a permis la sensibilisation du milieu Ă dâautres approches thĂ©rapeutiques, la transformation du dispositif de soins en cliniques spĂ©cialisĂ©es, en 1994, marque un point dĂ©cisif dans le dĂ©veloppement de la thĂ©rapie cognitivo-comportementale, mais surtout dans son intĂ©gration dans le traitement quotidien de patients souffrant de problĂ©matiques diverses et dans son enseignement Ă des gĂ©nĂ©rations de cliniciens.The Pavillon Albert-PrĂ©vost (PAP) has played a leading role in the development of modern psychiatry in the province of QuĂ©bec. It has also been, in the francophone milieu, the teaching hospital that was the most deeply influenced by psychoanalytic theories. The arrival of somatic approaches, particularly biofeedback and relaxation, in the Psychosomatic medicine and consultation-liaison service, as introduced by Dr. Jacques Monday in the 1970s, was initially greeted with great scepticism by the majority of his colleagues at PAP. In the 1980s and 1990s, Dr. Camille Laurin, then head of the department, invited Dr. Louis Chaloult to offer a clinical supervision seminar to mental health professionals. Drs. Chaloult and Monday trained generations of clinicians in cognitive behavior therapy and relaxation therapy as, over time, these approaches both practical, efficient and effective became more widely practiced and recommended by practice guidelines in psychiatry. Dr. Chaloult with the help of Dr. Jean Goulet developed a CBT teaching curriculum for residents in psychiatry and other health care professionals, wrote an influential textbook on CBT, co-developped a widely consulted website www.tccmontreal.com providing CBT practice guides for clinicians and patients alike, became one of the first psychiatrists acting as a psychiatre rĂ©pondant in CLSCs (teaching CBT to other members of the team in order to provide CBT in primary care), co-developed the Centre de PsychothĂ©rapie at the PAP to promote cross theoretical training in psychotherapy for residents in psychiatry and interns of other mental healthcare disciplines. In this spirit, Dre. Thanh-Lan NgĂŽ contributed to these endeavors and co-created with Dr. Jean Leblanc and Dre. Magalie Lussier-Valade another website www.psychopap.com dedicated to the transfer of knowledge in CBT as well as other forms of psychotherapy in order to celebrate 100 years of teaching in psychiatry at the PAP. Following the creation of specialised outpatient clinics in 1994, CBT was more widely offered and developed as a standard of care. These influential programs include those of three psychologists Dr Michel Dugasâ Generalised anxiety disorder model, Pascale Brillonâs teaching of trauma focussed CBT (with three books on the subject, Dr Richard Fleetâs research on emergency room presentation of panic disorder. This collaborative teaching and research program included Dre. Julie Turcotte and Dr. Pierre Savard, both specialised in CBT and instrumental in training generations of psychiatrists in evidence-based treatments for severe refractory disorders. At the Early psychosis clinic, an innovative program of CBT modules adapted to the functional and symptomatic impairment level of the heterogeneous clientele was developed by Pierre Fortier and Dr. Jean-Pierre Mottard. At the Readaptation for Psychosis program, France BĂ©rubĂ© and Jocelyne St-Onge, offered auditory hallucinations group, metacognitive therapy, the integrated psychotherapy programme. At the Personality disorder clinic, dialectical behavior therapy groups were offered by Julie Jomphe who trained many cohorts of residents, offered adaptations to families (Family connections), adolescents, and children (in schools). At the Psychosomatic service Donald Bouthillier treated somatisation disorders with affective-cognitive behavioral therapy for somatization disorder. And finally, at the Mood disorder clinic, Drs. NgĂŽ, Bernard Gauthier, LĂ©on Maurice Larouche, Anne-Sophie Boulanger along with Manon Quesnel, RenĂ©e Leblanc and colleagues offered a sequential program of CBT approaches to treat severe and refractory mood disorders