Capital humano, inovação e competitividade nos mercados internacionais

Dissertação de mestrado em Negócios InternacionaisNas últimas décadas os recursos humanos têm sido reconhecidos como sendo o ativo mais valioso das empresas, sendo os trabalhadores a principal fonte de progresso económico e aumento de bem-estar. As mudanças constantes a que as sociedades estão sujeitas e a necessidade de alargar o mercado de atuação para os mercados internacionais, tornam a inovação e o conhecimento fulcrais para o aumento da produtividade, crescimento económico e vantagem competitiva das organizações. A importância dada ao papel da diversidade do capital humano na capacidade inovadora das empresas, considera que equipas diferentes podem ser mais eficazes do que equipas homogéneas na resolução de problemas ou a gerar novas ideias, produtos ou processos. No presente estudo pretende-se analisar as características do capital humano de um conjunto de empresas que atuam no setor das tecnologias da informação analisando a sua influência na inovação, bem como a relação entre a diversidade deste capital e o respetivo comportamento inovador das empresas e a capacidade competitiva no mercado internacional. Concluímos que, as empresas estudadas apresentam diversidade no que diz respeito aos colaboradores mais precisamente em características como: experiência profissional e formação. As empresas apresentam-se como inovadoras no que diz respeito aos produtos (bens/serviços) e aos processos, tanto para a empresa como o próprio mercado onde se inserem, seja esse mercado nacional e/ou internacional. De uma forma geral existe uma relação positiva entre o capital humano e a capacidade inovadora nas empresas.In last decades human resources have been acknowledged as the most valuable asset of the companies, and the workers are seen as the main source of economic progress and welfare increase. The constant changes that societies are subjected to and the need to extend the target market for international markets, made innovation and knowledge the keys to increase productivity, economic growth and competitive advantage of organizations. The importance given to the role of human capital diversity in the innovative capacity of firms considers that different teams can be more effective than homogeneous teams in problem solving or generating new ideas, products or processes. The present study aims to analyze the characteristics of the human capital of a group of companies operating in the information technologies industry analyzing their influence on innovation, and the relationship between the diversity of this capital and the appropriate behavior of innovative companies and the competitiveness in the international market. We have concluded that the companies studied are diverse concerning employees, more precisely specific features such as: professional experience and training. Companies are presented as innovative in regards to products (assets/services) and processes, both for the company and the market in which they operate, whether it is a national and/or international market. In general there is a positive relationship between human capital and innovative capacity in companies

Sleep and Academic Performance in Undergraduates: A Multi-measure, Multi-predictor Approach

The present study examined the associations of sleep patterns with multiple measures of academic achievement of undergraduate university students and tested whether sleep variables emerged as significant predictors of subsequent academic performance when other potential predictors, such as class attendance, time devoted to study, and substance use are considered. A sample of 1654 (55% female) full-time undergraduates 17 to 25 yrs of age responded to a self-response questionnaire on sleep, academics, lifestyle, and well-being that was administered at the middle of the semester. In addition to self-reported measures of academic performance, a final grade for each student was collected at the end of the semester. Univariate analyses found that sleep phase, morningness/eveningness preference, sleep deprivation, sleep quality, and sleep irregularity were significantly associated with at least two academic performance measures. Among 15 potential predictors, stepwise multiple regression analysis identified 5 significant predictors of end-of-semester marks: previous academic achievement, class attendance, sufficient sleep, night outings, and sleep quality (R(2)=0.14 and adjusted R(2)=0.14, F(5, 1234)= 40.99, p < .0001). Associations between academic achievement and the remaining sleep variables as well as the academic, well-being, and lifestyle variables lost significance in stepwise regression. Together with class attendance, night outings, and previous academic achievement, self-reported sleep quality and self-reported frequency of sufficient sleep were among the main predictors of academic performance, adding an independent and significant contribution, regardless of academic variables and lifestyles of the students

Supply chain resilience: an empirical model

This research was funded by Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (Project PTDC/EMEGIN/68400/2006 and Project MIT-Pt/EDAM-IASC/0033/2008). Helena Carvalho was supported by a PhD fellowship from Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (SFRH/BD/43984/2008).This paper proposes a model for management of supply chain resilience. To this end thestructured content analysis of media news is used to analyze a sample constituted by sixty two documents containing evidences of seventy seven companies that were affected by the Japan 2011 earthquake. The sample provides evidences that companies failed to sustain their operations mainly because capacity shortages and material shortages. Also provides empirical evidence of twelve resilience practices to reduce the disturbance severity and therecovery time. Based on these findings four propositions were made and aggregated topropose a model for supply chain resilience management.publishersversionpublishe

"Leishmania spp. Infection Model Optimization for Drug Discovery Purposes"

Mestrado em Toxicologia Analítica Clínica e ForenseMSc in Analytical, Clinical and Forensic Toxicolog

Tomar conta das pessoas dependentes no domicílio : estudo exploratório acerca dos recursos utilizados no seio das famílias clássicas do concelho do Porto

O estudo aqui relatado tomou por foco central o fenómeno “tomar conta” (ICN, 2011) de dependentes no autocuidado, por um membro da família prestador de cuidados (MFPC), no seio familiar. O propósito desta investigação foi conhecer os recursos necessários, os recursos efetivamente utilizados e as razões da não utilização dos mesmos, face à condição de dependência no autocuidado, de um dos membros das famílias clássicas do concelho do Porto. O estudo realizado tem um perfil quantitativo, do tipo exploratório e descritivo. A população em estudo correspondeu à totalidade das famílias clássicas do concelho do Porto. A amostra em estudo é do tipo probabilística, aleatória e estratificada por freguesia. Com base na utilização de um formulário e numa abordagem do tipo “porta a porta”, guiada pelo plano de amostragem definido, foram estudadas 2314 famílias, das quais 241 referiram integrar, pelo menos, uma pessoa dependente no autocuidado. Destas 241 famílias, apenas cerca de 160 aceitaram participar no estudo de avaliação do tipo e do nível de dependência no autocuidado e, por inerência, na avaliação dos recursos mobilizados face à condição de dependência de um dos seus membros. As pessoas dependentes estudadas, globalmente, apresentavam níveis muito elevados de dependência no autocuidado. A taxa global de utilização (dos recursos necessários) apurada foi de 43,16%, o que significa que as famílias estudadas não utilizam, sequer, metade dos recursos que poderiam ser úteis, quer na preservação da autonomia do familiar dependente, quer na promoção do exercício do papel de membro da família prestador de cuidados. Nos mesmos casos, a taxa de utilização dos serviços de enfermagem situou-se nos 43,48%. Dos equipamentos estudados, aqueles que apresentam maiores taxas de utilização estavam, essencialmente, focados na gestão de sinais e sintomas das doenças, sendo poucos os vocacionados para a promoção da autonomia do familiar dependente. As principais razões que sustentavam a “não utilização” dos diferentes equipamentos e recursos podem ser agregadas em tornos dos défices de conhecimento dos clientes (sobre formas de acesso e funcionamento), bem como, algumas limitações económicas. Neste contexto, também foi possível verificar que, em vários casos, determinados recursos não eram usados porque os clientes não tinham noção que os mesmo existiam ou estavam disponíveis. Os resultados deste estudo colocam em destaque a necessidade de, progressivamente, a conceção de cuidados de enfermagem, face a este tipo de clientes, ter que incorporar terapêuticas orientadas para a promoção da utilização de mais recursos e equipamentos promotores da autonomia dos dependentes e / ou do exercício do papel por parte dos membros da família prestadores de cuidados.The study reported took as central focus the caring phenomenon (ICN, 2011) of dependent on self-care by a Member of the Family Care Provider, within the family. The purpose of this research was to identify the necessary resources, the resources actually used, and the reasons for non-use of the same, given the condition of dependency in self-care of a member from a classic family in the municipality of Porto. The study has a quantitative profile, from the exploratory and descriptive type. The study population corresponded to the total classic families in the municipality of Porto. The study sample type is probabilistic, random and stratified by parish. Based on the use of a form and an approach "door to door" style, guided by the sampling plan defined, we studied 2314 families, of which 241 reported that at least one person dependent in self-care was included. Of these 241 families, only about 160 agreed to participate in the study to assess the type and level of dependency in self-care and, by extension, in the evaluation of the resources mobilized against the condition of dependence of one of its members. Dependent people studied, overall, had very high levels of dependence on self-care. The overall rate of use (the resources) found was 43,16%, meaning that the families studied didn´t even use half of the resources that could be useful, either in preserving the autonomy of the dependent relative, either to promote the exercise of the role of family member care provider. In these cases, the rate of utilization of nursing services stood at 43,48%. From the equipment studied, those with the highest rates of use were mainly focused on the management of signs and symptoms of disease, with few devoted to the promotion of the autonomy of dependent relative. The main reasons that supported the "no use" of different equipment and resources can be aggregated as deficits of customer knowledge (about forms of access and operation), as well as some economic constraints. In this context, it was also possible to see that, in many cases, certain features were not used because customers had no idea that they even existed or were available. The results of this study put emphasis on the need of nursing care conception progressively, in the face of such clients, incorporate therapies aimed at promoting the use of more resources and equipment promoters of autonomy of dependent, and / or the exercise of the role by members of the family carer

Soft digital skills in Higher Education Curricula: HEI’s 5.0

his article arises from the proposal of a new approach regarding the inclusion of soft-digital skills training in higher education. The study carried out on several curricular units in different higher education courses in Portugal led us to reflect on a different educational model, which combines the development of soft skills in digital environments. Digitalization and the use of technologies since early ages in the educational process are raising interesting questions. This article intends to go deeper on the use of digital technologies, namely through the virtual environments imposed by higher education institutions as a form of study. The main question is how pedagogies and the use of technologies have a meeting point where it is possible to continue humanization in education through the utilization of virtual environments to support the teaching/learning process. The methodology used in this study has its support on questionnaires made to students of higher education in different areas of knowledge, such as medicine, nursing, engineering, management, arts and literature. The main conclusions of this study are the importance of creating and using digital platforms that not only support the study but also contemplate the use of a virtual reality where students can interact with others in the discussion and resolution of real life situations.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

A Pipeline for Clustering by Compression with Application to Patient Stratification in Spondyloarthritis

Funding Information: The authors acknowledge Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia, LASIGE Research Unit, ref. UIDB/00408/2020 and ref. UIDP/00408/2020 and Instituto de Telecomunicações Research Unit, ref. UIDB/50008/2020, and UIDP/50008/2020. The authors also acknowledge the Project PREDICT (PTDC/CCI-CIF/29877/2017), funded by Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional (FEDER), through Programa Operacional Regional LISBOA (LISBOA2020), and by national funds, through Fundacção para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT), and projects MATISSE (DSAIPA/DS/0026/2019), MONET (PTDC/CCI-BIO/4180/2020) and SmartGlauco (PTDC/CTM-REF/2679/2020). Publisher Copyright: © 2023 by the authors.The normalized compression distance (NCD) is a similarity measure between a pair of finite objects based on compression. Clustering methods usually use distances (e.g., Euclidean distance, Manhattan distance) to measure the similarity between objects. The NCD is yet another distance with particular characteristics that can be used to build the starting distance matrix for methods such as hierarchical clustering or K-medoids. In this work, we propose Zgli, a novel Python module that enables the user to compute the NCD between files inside a given folder. Inspired by the CompLearn Linux command line tool, this module iterates on it by providing new text file compressors, a new compression-by-column option for tabular data, such as CSV files, and an encoder for small files made up of categorical data. Our results demonstrate that compression by column can yield better results than previous methods in the literature when clustering tabular data. Additionally, the categorical encoder shows that it can augment categorical data, allowing the use of the NCD for new data types. One of the advantages is that using this new feature does not require knowledge or context of the data. Furthermore, the fact that the new proposed module is written in Python, one of the most popular programming languages for machine learning, potentiates its use by developers to tackle problems with a new approach based on compression. This pipeline was tested in clinical data and proved a promising computational strategy by providing patient stratification via clusters aiding in precision medicine.publishersversionpublishe

Social dimension of urban and periurban agriculture

[eng] The introduction of agriculture in cities is one of the current priority axes for urban environmental reform. There is a broad consensus in this regard, largely because of the improvement of urban ecosystem balances. However, urban agriculture also offers various possibilities for society to the extent that it can contribute to solving urban poverty situations, while improving the public health of the neighborhoods where it is located, especially based on ecological principles. In addition to other advantages that directly involve the population that practices agriculture or that has it as a food source. In this way, urban agriculture helps mitigate the double socio-environmental dimension of the planetary ecological crisis of our time. In this sense, this study aims to deepen the social dimension of urban agriculture by problematizing experiences of different cities in the world (particularly Barcelona, Girona and Natal), the latter as contextualization, proposing a scheme of the different types of advantages that it entails. The conclusion points in the direction of a social phenomenon marked by territorial resistance and transition towards a more balanced and counter-rational productive paradigm opposed to the globalized totalitarian capitalist paradigm.[por] A introdução da agricultura nas cidades é um dos eixos prioritários atuais para a reforma ambiental urbana. Existe um amplo consenso a esse respeito, principalmente devido à melhoria do equilíbrio dos ecossistemas urbanos. Ademais, a agricultura urbana também oferece várias possibilidades para a sociedade, na medida em que pode contribuir para a solução de situações de pobreza urbana, além de melhorar a saúde pública dos bairros onde está localizada, principalmente com base em princípios ecológicos. Além de outras vantagens que envolvem diretamente a população que pratica a agricultura ou que a possui como fonte de alimento. Dessa maneira, a agricultura urbana ajuda a mitigar a dupla dimensão socioambiental da crise ecológica planetária de nosso tempo. Nesse sentido, este estudo visa aprofundar a discussão sobre a dimensão social da agricultura urbana, problematizando experiências de diferentes cidades do mundo (particularmente Barcelona, Girona e Natal), esta última a título de contextualização, propondo um esquema dos diferentes tipos de vantagens que essa apresenta. A conclusão aponta na direção de um fenômeno social marcado pela resistência territorial e pela transição para um paradigma produtivo mais equilibrado e contra-racional, em oposição ao paradigma capitalista totalitário globalizado.[spa] La introducción de la agricultura en las ciudades es uno de los ejes prioritarios actuales para la reforma ambiental urbana. Existe un amplio consenso al respecto, principalmente debido al mejor equilibrio de los ecosistemas urbanos. Además, la agricultura urbana también ofrece varias posibilidades para la sociedad, ya que puede contribuir a la solución de situaciones de pobreza urbana, además de mejorar la salud pública de los barrios donde se ubica, principalmente sobre la base de principios ecológicos. Además de otras ventajas que involucran directamente a la población que practica la agricultura o que la tiene como fuente de alimento. De esta forma, la agricultura urbana ayuda a mitigar la doble dimensión socioambiental de la crisis ecológica planetaria de nuestro tiempo. En este sentido, este estudio tiene como objetivo profundizar la discusión sobre la dimensión social de la agricultura urbana, problematizar las experiencias de diferentes ciudades del mundo (particularmente Barcelona, Girona y Natal), esta última a título de contextualización, además de proponer un esquema de los diferentes tipos de ventajas que presenta. La conclusión apunta hacia un fenómeno social marcado por la resistencia territorial y la transición a un paradigma productivo más equilibrado y contrarracional, en oposición al paradigma capitalista totalitario globalizado