Translating Robert Schumann : methodology as self-exposure and defense

This paper is part of a broader research project, which involves the Brazilian Portuguese translation, with notes and commentaries, of the 'Gesammelte Schriften über Musik und Musiker' (On Music and Musicians) by the German composer Robert Schumann (1810-1856). In such a study, located on the border of language, literature, and music, methodology gains a double significance: firstly, the nature and extent of the incursions through fields which are autonomous in themselves, but connected in the document to be translated, not only requires unity, but also reveals the gaps the translator is exposed to; and secondly, the methodology not only defines the scientific premises of the work, but also brings to light its ethical dimension. With this in mind I have chosen a methodological approach which works in two complementary ways, with the act of translating always being the point of departure and arrival: (1) from the experience of translation and the identification of gaps and problems, followed by the registration of the first notes and comments, through systematic research in connected areas; and (2) the opposite way: from the research in related fields back to the translation and to the editing of notes and comments. Each step of the process is carefully registered, as well as the different versions of the translated text. Allowing methodology to take precedence is therefore an act of self-exposure and defense: on the one hand, it is a means of assuring visibility for the translator; on the other hand, it secures concrete parameters for judgment both by readers and critics

Numerical study on restraints effects in massive foundation slabs

The aim of the presented study is to simulate the restrained stresses in early age massive foundation slabs. The character of self-induced stresses related to internal restraints resulting from inhomogeneous distribution of thermal-humidity fields as well as restraint stresses related to limitation of structure deformations freedom are described in the article. The combined thermal and both autogenous and drying shrinkage effects are considered. The presented numerical study on the above mentioned effects are conducted with the use of original numerical model. The distribution and the magnitude of stresses induced by hydration temperature and shrinkage are computed, both in heating and curing phase of concrete curing. The special attention is paid to the externally restraint stresses depending strongly on contact layer between the slab and subsoil. Finally, the total restraint stresses are computed for slabs with different thickness.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Controlling crack formation since early ages: contributions of COST Action TU1404 and research project IntegraCrete

The present contribution summarizes main activitiesand conclusions brought about by two funded projects: EU-funded COST Action TU1404 ‘Towards the next generation of standards for service life of cement-based materials and structures’ and Portugal-EU funded project IntegraCrete ‘A comprehensive multiphysics and multiscale approach to the combined effects of applied loads and thermal/shrinkage deformations in reinforced concrete structures’POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007633 (ISISE)and by UID/ECI/04708/2019-CONSTRUCT -Instituto de I&D em Estruturas e Construções, funded by national funds through the FCT/MCTES (PIDDAC). FCT and FEDER (COMPETE2020) are also acknowledged for the funding of the research Project IntegraCrete PTDC/ECM-EST/1056/2014 (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-016841). The financial support of COST Action TU1404 through its several networking instrument

A tradução para a criança e para o jovem: a prática como base da reflexão e da relação profissional

This article deals with the attempt of systematizing my experience as translator of literature written for children and young people. On the basis of some considerations about aspects shared by both, the production and the translation of this kind of literature, this article presents a number of examples taken from translations of German texts into Brazilian Portuguese. Consequences concerning the importance of concepts like interaction and creativeness in translation are then briefly discussed. A claim for a more systematic consideration of the question by Translation Studies and for a special position to be occupied by this genre of texts in the professional field is the background of the article.Die vorliegende Arbeit stellt den Versuch dar, meine Erfahrungen als Übersetzer von Kinder- und Jugendliteratur zu systematisieren. Von Aspekten ausgehend, die sowohl für die Produktion als auch für die Übersetzung von Kinder- und Jugendliteratur von entscheidender Bedeutung sind, werden Begriffe wie Interaktion und Kreativität bei der Übersetzung dieser Textsorte kurz erörtert. Dies geschieht anhand von Beispielen, die vom Deutschen ins brasilianische Portugiesische übersetzt wurden. Forderungen nach einer systematischeren Berücksichtigung dieser Frage seitens der Übersetzungstheorie und nach einer besonderen, noch zu definierenden Stelle für diese Übersetzungsart in der Berufspraxis liegen dem Beitrag zugrunde

Robert Schumann and translation : poetic creativity, simultaneity and movement

This study examines "On Music and Musicians", by the German composer Robert Schumann, with special emphasis on the reviews written between 1834 and 1836, in order to identify echoes of the main ideas on language and translation developed in Germany between the end of the 18th and the beginning of the 19th century. The bases for the study are, firstly, that of the subject, and, secondly, time imbued with the notion of movement. The subject is anchored vertically and in a very personal way, operating within the subject that moves from one system of signs to another, or from one language to another. The second theme takes into account the shaping of the immersion into an element which will break down the barriers of time and, at a stroke, bring the past into the present and include the future.Este trabalho examina os "Escritos sobre a Música e os Músicos", do compositor alemão Robert Schumann, em especial as resenhas escritas entre 1834 e 1836, com vistas a identificar ecos das principais ideias sobre linguagem e tradução desenvolvidas na Alemanha entre o final do séc. XVIII e o início do séc. XIX. Os eixos escolhidos para construir essa ideia são os eixos do sujeito e do tempo perpassados pela noção de movimento. Do primeiro, destacase a ancoragem vertical, personalíssima, operada no interior do sujeito que transita de um sistema sígnico para outro, que traduz seus pensamentos, ou ainda que empreende a passage de uma língua para outra. Do segundo, tem-se em conta a configuração desse mergulho num produto que desmantela as barreiras do tempo e, de um só golpe, contemporiza o passado e inclui o futuro

Threat Detection with Computer Vision

Internship Report presented as the partial requirement for obtaining a Master's degree in Data Science and Advanced Analytics, specialization in Business AnalyticsThis document describes the work conducted during an internship experience at the AI Innovation Department of Everis UK (now NTT Data). It reports what was done, learned, and developed with the sole objective of having a commercial product solution for the company's clients. The primary goal was to implement a solution in retail stores, to help assist the security team with threat detection. To do so, the solution consists in deploying trained deep learning models into hardware connected to the CCTV security cameras and detecting in that live feed any potential threats. By the time I started working on this project, was at an advanced stage so I had to study all the work previously done to understand what was needed and properly integrate the team fully. My contribution was focused on the model training process, where I had to create and structure a dataset and train a model capable of detecting the targeted classes quickly and accurately

Use of bone plates and screws to manage chronic mandibular dislocation

Different treatment modalities are described in literature to treat mandibular recurrent dislocation, including intra- capsular esclerosant injections, articular eminence reduction, soft tissues suture to limit condilar movement, and grafts or implants to create mechanical interference, like zygomatic arch down fracture or articular eminence in- crease by bone plates. In this paper, a patient with mandibular recurrent dislocation episodes were eliminated after bilateral fixation of bone plates to the lateral sur-face of the zygomatic arch to restrict mandibular movements. One arm of the plate was extended me-dially just below the articular eminence and fixed at lateral zygomatic arch portion by two screws. The surgical technique is described and 24 months follow-up period is demonstrate with excellent recovery and functional activities. The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) function was unimpeded and no recu-rrence of condilar dislocation was observed. We concluded that this technique is safe and efficient to hinder dislocations of mandible, preserve the TMJ initial characteristics, and prevent abnormal condi-lar movements over the eminenc

Text Linguistics and translation: Redefining the concept of "cultural mark"

Since the works of Nida and Taber (1964, 1969) on the influence of target cultures on texts to be translated, theoretical considerations on the presence of ‘cultural marks’ and consequently on analytical procedures that would serve to identify these marks have been more systematically studied as a result of the so-called ‘cultural turn’ in Translation Studies (Reiss 1971, 1983; Nord 1988, 1993; Snell-Hornby 1986) and heavily criticized by the Deconstruction approach to translation (for instance, Arrojo 1986, 1992). The development of Text Linguistics has also contributed to enlarge the boundaries of the concept, bringing it, so to speak, from the outside world – where it seemed to be embedded in the 60s – to the inner domain of the text itself and discourse. This paper aims at briefly revising this conceptual turn and at discussing its consequences for translation teaching. Examples taken from German texts translated by Brazilian students shall demonstrate how efficient the systematic use of text linguistics concepts can be to help students in identifying layers of meaning which, distant from the idea of ‘cultural marks’ as a reference to a concrete reality, define a point of view in the source text, legitimate interpretations that demand shifts in the target text and therefore can also be taken as cultural in a broader sense.Since the works of Nida and Taber (1964, 1969) on the influence of target cultures on texts to be translated, theoretical considerations on the presence of ‘cultural marks’ and consequently on analytical procedures that would serve to identify these marks have been more systematically studied as a result of the so-called ‘cultural turn’ in Translation Studies (Reiss 1971, 1983; Nord 1988, 1993; Snell-Hornby 1986) and heavily criticized by the Deconstruction approach to translation (for instance, Arrojo 1986, 1992). The development of Text Linguistics has also contributed to enlarge the boundaries of the concept, bringing it, so to speak, from the outside world – where it seemed to be embedded in the 60s – to the inner domain of the text itself and discourse. This paper aims at briefly revising this conceptual turn and at discussing its consequences for translation teaching. Examples taken from German texts translated by Brazilian students shall demonstrate how efficient the systematic use of text linguistics concepts can be to help students in identifying layers of meaning which, distant from the idea of ‘cultural marks’ as a reference to a concrete reality, define a point of view in the source text, legitimate interpretations that demand shifts in the target text and therefore can also be taken as cultural in a broader sense

Numerical simulation of the structural behaviour of concrete since its early ages

Tese de doutoramento. Engenharia Civil. Faculdade de Engenharia. Universidade do Porto, School of Enegineering. University of Tokyo. 200

Unveiling evidence of natural and anthropogenic skin marks on baleen whales (Northwestern Iberian Peninsula coast)

Os Mysticeti enfrentaram um declínio drástico no passado, principalmente devido à caça à baleia na costa noroeste da Península Ibérica, levando quase à sua extinção na zona. No entanto, 40 anos mais tarde, as baleias estão a regressar à zona, utilizando-a principalmente como um local de alimentação. Mesmo com a proibição da caça à baleia nas águas da Galiza, ainda existem algumas ameaças que comprometem a saúde destes enormes viajantes. Para avaliar o estado de saúde de cetáceos em estado selvagem, são poucas as ferramentas que se pode utilizar sem se ser invasivo. A avaliação do estado da pele dos mamíferos marinhos tem sido utilizada para identificar indivíduos (foto-identificação) em todo o mundo e também pode fornecer informação sobre a saúde individual e populacional de uma espécie. As marcas cutâneas nos cetáceos podem ser diferenciadas em 2 tipos de causa: naturais (vírus, bactérias, fungos, ectoparasitas, tentativa de predação) e antropogénicas (interação com artes de pesca e colisões de embarcações), sendo utilizadas como uma base importante para monitorizar as alterações ao longo do tempo. Os dados de captura acessória, arrojamentos (encalhes na costa), ou captura-libertação são normalmente utilizados para avaliar o estado da pele em mamíferos marinhos, porém a foto-identificação aparece como uma ferramenta relativamente barata e não invasiva para avaliar o estado de saúde da pele, evolução, recorrência, prevalência de lesões ou identificar potenciais impactos sobre as espécies. Para explorar potenciais impactos sobre as baleias que se alimentam na costa noroeste de Espanha, foram realizadas saídas ao mar numa embarcação de 12 metros de cumprimento, entre os anos de 2017 a 2021 sempre com condições meteorológicas favoráveis. Quando avistadas as baleias, procedeu-se á aproximação das mesmas sempre com uma velocidade constante e lenta. Várias fotografias foram tiradas por dois investigadores experientes a um angulo perpendicular ao animal de forma a capturar cada uma das secções do corpo do animal (cabeça, corpo intermédio, barbatana dorsal e pedúnculo) de ambos os lados (direito e esquerdo). Mais tarde, todas as fotografias foram revistas e as de melhor qualidade (foco, luz, tamanho) foram selecionadas para representar cada secção do corpo de cada individuo de ambos os lados de maneira a reconstruir o corpo inteiro. Após uma análise detalhada, lesões epidérmicas visíveis, anomalias de coloração e ectoparasitas foram detetadas nas baleias azuis (Balaenoptera musculus), baleias-comum (Balaenoptera physalus) e baleias anãs (Balaenoptera acutorostrata). No total, foram documentados 36 tipos de marcas de pele incluindo lesões no contorno de barbatana, anomalias de pigmentação, manchas, dentadas, marcas lineares, lesões, elevação cutânea, infeções e ectoparasitas associados. A lesão cutânea mais prevalecente foram as marcas negras em baleias azuis (95,2%), bolhas e marcas brancas em baleias-comum (74,2%) e bolhas em baleias-anãs (76,2%). As marcas brancas e marcas pretas englobam diferentes tamanhos e formas que não têm uma etiologia definida. Já as bolhas podem ter origem no aumento de exposição da pele a altos níveis de radiação UV. As lesões tipo herpes foram a marca cutânea mais severa e abundante encontrada nas baleias estudadas, caracterizadas por lesões punctiformes espalhadas geralmente por todo o corpo. Os resultados deste estudo mostraram que as espécies de baleias estudadas, que se alimentam na costa noroeste de Espanha, exibiram indicações de impactos causados por alterações climáticas e impactos antropogénicos. Em geral, as marcas cutâneas foram mais abundantes e prevalecentes nas baleias azuis, no entanto, mais severas nas baleias-comum. Já as baleias-anãs parecem ser a espécies mais vulnerável a enfrentar ameaças antropogénicas. Indentações e marcas lineares no pedúnculo podem estar fortemente associadas a emaranhamento em redes de pesca afetando 23.8% dos espécimes de baleia anã amostrados. Para além disto uma baleia-comum foi encontrada com uma rede de pesca presa ao redor do seu pescoço e espiráculo. Este indivíduo mostrou claras evidências corporais de marcas causadas por redes de pesca (possivelmente pesca fantasma) com uma possível infeção viral com origem nas mesmas. Marcas naturais como as causadas por dentes, não são tão frequentes em baleias como são em odontocetos, porém foram registadas provas de tentativas de predação por parte de orcas em baleias azuis e baleias-comum. Para além destas marcas de mordida, algumas espécies de ectoparasitas foram identificadas fixas ao hospedeiro como é o caso das diatomáceas, pequenos crustáceos comensais da família Cyamidae (Isocyamus sp.), copépodes parasitas (Pennella balaenopterae), cirrípedes (Xenobalanus globicipitis), possivelmente remoras (Remora remora) e lampreias (Petromyzon sp.). Outra espécie identificada como causadora de marcas ovais esbranquiçadas nas baleias amostradas é uma espécie de tubarão (Isistius brasiliensis), frequentemente encontrado em águas tropicais (destino final da rota de migração das baleias azuis e baleias-comum). Estas marcas de dentada de tubarão foram apenas encontras num estágio de cura avançado (cor esbranquiçada). Marcas recentes de dentada de tubarão (com sangue, rosadas com tecidos subcutâneos visíveis ou amareladas) nunca foram encontradas nas 3 espécies amostradas. Isto permitiu inferir que o processo de cura de feridas em baleias é possivelmente menor que 38 meses. No caso das baleias anãs, que são vistas durante todo o ano na área, também apresentaram este tipo de marcas afetando 47.6% dos indivíduos, sugerindo que esta espécie possa estar a realizar migrações ou as marcas podem ser causadas pela espécie Isistius plutodus. Algumas novas marcas de pele foram documentadas pela primeira vez em todo o mundo nas baleias amostradas, como é o caso do: possível primeiro tumor encontrado numa baleia azul representado por uma aglomeração de elevações cutâneas na área do pedúnculo (diferente das bolhas encontradas na maioria das baleias possivelmente causadas por raios UV); primeiro caso de hypopigmentação com distribuição corporal anormal (diferente de vitiligo e albinismo parcial encontrado na literatura); e primeiro registo de possíveis cicatrizes provocadas por medusas que estão a proliferar cada vez mais nos oceanos, tirando vantagem do impacto das alteações climáticas. Herpes, marcas pretas e marcas brancas foram as lesões que mais contribuíram para a variabilidade das marcas de pele nas baleias, contudo nenhuma delas está particularmente relacionada com uma espécie (p=0.520, df=2, F=0.288) ou condição corporal específica (p=0.951, df=1, F=0.0293). Em suma, as nossas descobertas fornecem o catálogo mais completo de foto-identificação de marcas de pele para comparar entre espécies de baleias, explora ligações casuais entre a condição de pele e a saúde dos animais e também enumera as possíveis causas (naturais ou antropogénicas) associadas a cada lesão justificadas por revisão bibliográfica.Mysticeti have faced a drastic decline in the past mainly due to whaling in the Northwestern coast of the Iberian Peninsula, leading to almost extinction in the zone. However, 40 years later, whales are returning to the area. Even with the ban of whaling in Galicia waters, some threats still exist that compromise the health of these huge travelers. To explore potential impacts on baleen whales feeding on the Northwestern coast of Spain, we analyzed photographs taken from 2017 to 2021. Epidermal lesions, coloration anomalies and ectoparasites were detected in blue (Balaenoptera musculus), fin (Balaenoptera physalus) and minke whales (Balaenoptera acutorostrata). Altogether, 36 types of skin marks were documented. The most prevalent skin lesion was black marks on blue whales (95.2%), blisters and white marks on fin whales (74.2%) and blisters on minke whales (76.2%). Herpes-like lesions were the most severe and abundant skin mark found in all species. Our results showed that skin marks were more abundant and prevalent on blue whales, however, more severe on fin whales. Minke whales appear to be the most vulnerable specie facing anthropogenic threats. Some novel skin marks were recorded for the first time, to our knowledge, on baleen whales worldwide as is the case of the possible first tumor in a blue whale specimen, first hypopigmentation case with abnormal body distribution and first records of possibly jellyfish stings. Herpes, black and white marks were the lesions that contributed the most for the variability of skin marks on whales, however none of those are particularly related to a specific specie or body condition. Therefore, our findings provide the most complete photo-identification catalogue of skin marks to compare across species of Mysticeti and explore casual links between skin condition and whales’ health