Localización de pinturas novohispanas en España

Sin resume

Islet-on-a-chip for the study of pancreatic β-cell function

Diabetes mellitus is a significant public health problem worldwide. It encompasses a group of chronic disorders characterized by hyperglycemia, resulting from pancreatic islet dysfunction or as a consequence of insulin-producing β-cell death. Organ-on-a-chip platforms have emerged as technological systems combining cell biology, engineering, and biomaterial technological advances with microfluidics to recapitulate a specific organ’s physiological or pathophysiological environment. These devices offer a novel model for the screening of pharmaceutical agents and to study a particular disease. In the field of diabetes, a variety of microfluidic devices have been introduced to recreate native islet microenvironments and to understand pancreatic β-cell kinetics in vitro. This kind of platforms has been shown fundamental for the study of the islet function and to assess the quality of these islets for subsequent in vivo transplantation. However, islet physiological systems are still limited compared to other organs and tissues, evidencing the difficulty to study this “organ” and the need for further technological advances. In this review, we summarize the current state of islet-on-a-chip platforms that have been developed so far. We recapitulate the most relevant studies involving pancreatic islets and microfluidics, focusing on the molecular and cellular-scale activities that underlie pancreatic β-cell function.This review received financial support from the European Research Council program under grants ERC-StG-DAMOC (714317), the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, through the “Severo Ochoa” Program for Centres of Excellence in R&D (SEV-2016-2019) and “Retos de investigación: Proyectos I+D+i” (TEC2017-83716-C2-2-R), the CERCA Programme/Generalitat de Catalunya (2017-SGR-1079), and Fundación Bancaria “la Caixa”- Obra Social “la Caixa” (project IBEC-La Caixa Healthy Ageing)

Noves aportacions al coneixement florístic de les comarques meridionals de Catalunya

Suposen novetat per a la flora de Catalunya els tàxons següents: Cynara baetica (Sprengel) Pau, Elaeoselinum asclepium (L.) Bertol. subsp. asclepium var. hispanicum (Lange) O. Bolòs & Vigo i Ononis alopecuroides L. Confirmem la presencia a Catalunya d'Asplenium csikii Kummerle & Andrasovszky. Onze tàxons representen novetat per al migjorn de Catalunya. Es proposen dues combinacions nomeclaturals: Knautia rupícola (Willk.) Font Quer var. cardonica (O. Bolòs & Vigo) Molero, L. Sáez & Vallverdú i Knautia subscaposa Boiss. & Reut. subsp. alboi (Sennen) Molero, L. Sáez & VallverdúSe comentan un total de 55 táxones. Suponen novedad para la flora de Cataluña los táxones: Cynara baetica (Sprengel) Pau, Elaeoselinum asclepium (L.) Bertol. subsp. asclepium var. hispanicum (Lange) O. Bolòs & Vigo y Ononis alopecuroides L. Se confirma la presencia en Catalunya de Asplenium csikii Kummerle & Andrasovszky. Once táxones representan novedad para el sur de Cataluña. Se proponen dos combinaciones nomenclaturales: Knautia rupicola (Willk.) Font Quer var. cardonica (O. Bolòs & Vigo) Molero, L. Sáez & Vallverdú y Knautia subscaposa Boiss. & Reut. subsp. alboi (Sennen) Molero, L. Sáez & Vallverdú.Data about 55 taxa are presented. The following taxa are new records for the Catalan flora: Cynara baetica (Sprengel) Pau, Elaeoselinum asclepium (L.) Bertol. subsp. asclepium var. hispanicum (Lange) O. Bolòs & Vigo, and Ononis alopecuroides L. The presence of Asplenium csikii Kummerle & Andrasovszky in Catalonia is confirmed. 11 taxa are new records for Southern Catalonia. Two new nomenclatural combinations are proposed: Knautia rupicola (Willk.) Font Quer var. cardonica (O. Bolòs & Vigo) Molero, L. Sáez & Vallverdú and Knautia subscaposa Boiss. & Reut. subsp. alboi (Sennen) Molero, L. Sáez & Vallverdú

Cellulose-based scaffolds enhance pseudoislets formation and functionality

In vitro research for the study of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is frequently limited by the availability of a functional model for islets of Langerhans. To overcome the limitations of obtaining pancreatic islets from different sources, such as animal models or human donors, immortalized cell lines as the insulin-producing INS1E β-cells have appeared as a valid alternative to model insulin-related diseases. However, immortalized cell lines are mainly used in flat surfaces or monolayer distributions, not resembling the spheroid-like architecture of the pancreatic islets. To generate islet-like structures, the use of scaffolds appeared as a valid tool to promote cell aggregations. Traditionally-used hydrogel encapsulation methods do not accomplish all the requisites for pancreatic tissue engineering, as its poor nutrient and oxygen diffusion induces cell death. Here, we use cryogelation technology to develop a more resemblance scaffold with the mechanical and physical properties needed to engineer pancreatic tissue. This study shows that carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) cryogels prompted cells to generate β-cell clusters in comparison to gelatin-based scaffolds, that did not induce this cell organization. Moreover, the high porosity achieved with CMC cryogels allowed us to create specific range pseudoislets. Pseudoislets formed within CMC-scaffolds showed cell viability for up to 7 d and a better response to glucose over conventional monolayer cultures. Overall, our results demonstrate that CMC-scaffolds can be used to control the organization and function of insulin-producing β-cells, representing a suitable technique to generate β-cell clusters to study pancreatic islet function

Effect of arbuscular mycorrhiza on the growth and development of micropropagated Annona cherimola plants

Annona cherimola Mill., cherimoya, is a tropical plantation crop of interest in fruit culture. Micropropagation techniques have been developed due to the need to increase productivity through clonal selection. Because of the mycorrhizal dependence exhibited by this crop for optimal growth and the recognized role of mycorrhiza establishment for the survival and development of most of the plants produced in vitro, the effect of mycorrhiza inoculation on the development of micropropagated plants of Annona cherimola was investigated. Mycorrhizal inoculation was assayed at two different stages of the micropropagation process: (i) immediately after the in vitro phase, before starting the acclimatization period, and (ii) after the acclimatization phase, before starting the post-acclimatization period under greenhouse conditions. Plantlet survival was about 50 % after the acclimatization period. Plant growth and development profited remarkably from mycorrhiza establishment. Most of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) assayed greatly increased shoot and root biomass and leaf area. Micropropagated Annona plants seem to be more dependent on mycorrhiza formation for optimal growth than plants derived from seeds. The greatest effects of AMF on plant growth were observed when they were introduced after the acclimatization period

Iconography of the Mexican «Virgin of Guadalupe» in Granada

La existencia en iglesias granadinas de cuatro pinturas de la Virgen de Guadalupe de México realizadas en los siglos XVII y XVIII es un hecho singular que da fe de los vínculos mantenidos con el virreinato de Nueva España y plantea una serie de interrogantes: ¿Quiénes y con qué objeto las trajeron? ¿Qué características iconográficas y estilísticas presentan? ¿Cuál es su valor simbólico? La resolución de estas cuestiones nos permitirá conocer un proceso de gran interés.In Granada churches there are four paintings of the Virgin of Guadalupe, Mexico, made in the 16 or 17th centuries. This remarkable fact provides evidence of the close contact maintained with the Viceroyalty of New Spain and raises a series of issues. Who brought these paintings to Spain, and why? In what style are they painted, and what is their iconography? What is their value as symbols? The answers to these questions will lead to our understanding of a very interesting process

Normalización del directorio activo en una entidad financiera

El objetivo del proyecto es la normalización de la infraestructura de Directorio Activo de Microsoft ya existente, focalizandose en el uso de GPOs consistentes, minimización del impacto del script de inicio y mejora del tiempo de inicio de los equipos. El proyecto se distribuirá en las siguientes fases: - Análisis de las políticas actuales de Directorio Activo - Diseño de una nueva estructura de Directorio Activo - Creación de un entorno virtual de pruebas - Pruebas unitarias en un entorno virtual - Aplicación de los cambios en el Directorio Activo - Pruebas de integración - Despliegue fina

The Synergy between Organ-on-a-Chip and Artificial Intelligence for the Study of NAFLD: From Basic Science to Clinical Research

Non-alcoholic fatty liver affects about 25% of global adult population. On the long-term, it is associated with extra-hepatic compliances, multiorgan failure, and death. Various invasive and non-invasive methods are employed for its diagnosis such as liver biopsies, CT scan, MRI, and numerous scoring systems. However, the lack of accuracy and reproducibility represents one of the biggest limitations of evaluating the effectiveness of drug candidates in clinical trials. Organ-on-chips (OOC) are emerging as a cost-effective tool to reproduce in vitro the main NAFLD’s pathogenic features for drug screening purposes. Those platforms have reached a high degree of complexity that generate an unprecedented amount of both structured and unstructured data that outpaced our capacity to analyze the results. The addition of artificial intelligence (AI) layer for data analysis and interpretation enables those platforms to reach their full potential. Furthermore, the use of them do not require any ethic and legal regulation. In this review, we discuss the synergy between OOC and AI as one of the most promising ways to unveil potential therapeutic targets as well as the complex mechanism(s) underlying NAFLD

Pinturas novohispanas en España: responsables, finalidad y procedimiento

Nowadays a significant amount of mexican colonial painting belonging to XVII and XVIII centuries remains in Spain and they are distributed among museums, religious institutiones and private collections. In the most of the cases they are oils painted over canvas which iconographic theme is the Virgin of Guadalupe. Althought they are located in whatever region, most of them are found in the places close bounder to the viceroyalty, being of particular interest those located in the western part of Andalucía (Spain). One of the most interesting but unknown aspect is that concerning to the paintings arrival process in which several factors are involved and underlie questions like a) who were the main figures, b) which was their purpuse, c) What methodology they used, d) where paintings finally arrived, and e) which was the background of this process.Actualmente se conserva en España un significativo conjunto de pintura virreinal mexicana de los siglos XVII y XVIII distribuido entre museos, instituciones religiosas y colecciones particulares. En la mayoría de los casos se trata de óleos pintados sobre lienzo que tienen como tema iconográfico a la Virgen de Guadalupe. Aunque se localizan en todas las comunidades, encontramos mayor presencia en las que estuvieron más vinculadas con el virreinato, entre las que hay que destacar Andalucía Occidental. Uno de los aspectos más interesantes y desconocidos es el referido al procedimiento de llegada de estas obras, en el que intervinieron factores de diversa índole y en el que subyacen cuestiones como a) quiénes fueron los protagonistas, b) cuál fue su propósito, c) qué método emplearon, d) a dónde fueron a parar, y en última instancia, e) cuál es el trasfondo del mismo

La iconografía guadalupana en Málaga

The presence in Malaga of several paintings of the Mexican Guadalupe’s Virgin made in the XVIIth and XVIIIth centuries distributed in churches, museums and private adresses, proves the relationships kept with the New Spain viceroyalty, that resulted in an interesting cultural interchanging process in which took part religious, artistic and social factors.La presencia en Málaga de varias pinturas de la Virgen de Guadalupe mexicana realizadas en los siglos XVII y XVIII distribuidas en iglesias, museos y domicilios particulares, da fe de los vínculos mantenidos con el virreinato de Nueva España, que derivaron en un interesante proceso de intercambio cultural en el que intervinieron factores religiosos, artísticos y sociales