Características Sociodemográficas del Consumo de Alcohol en Cantabria.

El presente estudio describe la manera como determinadas características socio-demográficas de la población (sexo, edad, actividad laboral. clase social, etc.) condicionan la ingesta de alcohol. Para ello se utilizan datos de un estudio epidemiológico comunitario de tipo transversal que, sobre una población muestral de 1.818 personas comprendidas entre 16 y 65 años -y representativa de la población de Cantabria-investiga las respuestas de la población ante el consumo de alcohol. Se encontró, entre otros datos que: 1) los modelos generales de consumo de alcohol están saturados por las características culturales generales de la población; 2) la edad y el sexo condicionan siempre la ingesta de alcohol, ejerciendo las otras variables un efecto menos significativo; 3) el modo rural de vida se asocia a mayores niveles de consumo que el urbano, industrial o semi-urbano; 4) en ambos sexos la actividad laboral agrícola (sobre todo la no asalariada) se asocia a los niveles más altos de consumo de alcohol. en las mujeres además dicha asociación se da con la actividad laboral manual poco cualificada; 5) la clase social mantiene una relación inversa con el consumo de alcohol. Finalmente las clases sociales «media-media» y «baja» presentan las mayores cifras de «ingesta excesiva de alcohol»

Características Sociodemográficas del Consumo de Alcohol en Cantabria.

El presente estudio describe la manera como determinadas características socio-demográficas de la población (sexo, edad, actividad laboral. clase social, etc.) condicionan la ingesta de alcohol. Para ello se utilizan datos de un estudio epidemiológico comunitario de tipo transversal que, sobre una población muestral de 1.818 personas comprendidas entre 16 y 65 años -y representativa de la población de Cantabria-investiga las respuestas de la población ante el consumo de alcohol. Se encontró, entre otros datos que: 1) los modelos generales de consumo de alcohol están saturados por las características culturales generales de la población; 2) la edad y el sexo condicionan siempre la ingesta de alcohol, ejerciendo las otras variables un efecto menos significativo; 3) el modo rural de vida se asocia a mayores niveles de consumo que el urbano, industrial o semi-urbano; 4) en ambos sexos la actividad laboral agrícola (sobre todo la no asalariada) se asocia a los niveles más altos de consumo de alcohol. en las mujeres además dicha asociación se da con la actividad laboral manual poco cualificada; 5) la clase social mantiene una relación inversa con el consumo de alcohol. Finalmente las clases sociales «media-media» y «baja» presentan las mayores cifras de «ingesta excesiva de alcohol»

Clustering COVID-19 ARDS patients through the first days of ICU admission. An analysis of the CIBERESUCICOVID Cohort

Background Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) can be classified into sub-phenotypes according to different inflammatory/clinical status. Prognostic enrichment was achieved by grouping patients into hypoinflammatory or hyperinflammatory sub-phenotypes, even though the time of analysis may change the classification according to treatment response or disease evolution. We aimed to evaluate when patients can be clustered in more than 1 group, and how they may change the clustering of patients using data of baseline or day 3, and the prognosis of patients according to their evolution by changing or not the cluster.Methods Multicenter, observational prospective, and retrospective study of patients admitted due to ARDS related to COVID-19 infection in Spain. Patients were grouped according to a clustering mixed-type data algorithm (k-prototypes) using continuous and categorical readily available variables at baseline and day 3.Results Of 6205 patients, 3743 (60%) were included in the study. According to silhouette analysis, patients were grouped in two clusters. At baseline, 1402 (37%) patients were included in cluster 1 and 2341(63%) in cluster 2. On day 3, 1557(42%) patients were included in cluster 1 and 2086 (57%) in cluster 2. The patients included in cluster 2 were older and more frequently hypertensive and had a higher prevalence of shock, organ dysfunction, inflammatory biomarkers, and worst respiratory indexes at both time points. The 90-day mortality was higher in cluster 2 at both clustering processes (43.8% [n = 1025] versus 27.3% [n = 383] at baseline, and 49% [n = 1023] versus 20.6% [n = 321] on day 3). Four hundred and fifty-eight (33%) patients clustered in the first group were clustered in the second group on day 3. In contrast, 638 (27%) patients clustered in the second group were clustered in the first group on day 3.Conclusions During the first days, patients can be clustered into two groups and the process of clustering patients may change as they continue to evolve. This means that despite a vast majority of patients remaining in the same cluster, a minority reaching 33% of patients analyzed may be re-categorized into different clusters based on their progress. Such changes can significantly impact their prognosis

Study of the content of amino acids and biogenic amines in sparkling red wines

Póster presentado en el Macrowine 2016 (Macromolecules and Secondary Metabolites of Grapevine and Wine), celebrado en Changins (Suiza) del 27 al 30 de junio de 2016.Peer Reviewe

Effect of the winemaking technology on the phenolic compounds, foam parameters in sparklig wines from Tempranillo

Póster presentado en el Macrowine 2016 (Macromolecules and Secondary Metabolites of Grapevine and Wine), celebrado en Changins (Suiza) del 27 al 30 de junio de 2016.Peer Reviewe

Effect of Yeast Mannoproteins and Grape Polysaccharides on the Growth of Wine Lactic Acid and Acetic Acid Bacteria

Polysaccharides constitute one of the main groups of wine macromolecules, and the difficulty in separating and purifying them has resulted in them being less studied than other wine macromolecules. In this study, the biological activity of a number of polysaccharide fractions obtained from yeast lees, must, and wine has been analyzed against a large collection of both lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and acetic acid bacteria (AAB) of enological origin. Results showed that a high proportion of AAB strains (60−88%) was inhibited by concentrations lower than 50 mg/L polysaccharide fractions containing intermediate- (6−22 kD) and small-molecular-weight (<6 kD) mannoproteins and oligosaccharide fragments derived from cellulose and hemicelluloses. Results also showed that, in contrast, yeast mannoproteins in concentrations up to 200 mg/L activated the growth of 23−48% of the studied LAB strains when ethanol was present in the culture broth. Specially, yeast commercial mannoproteins of intermediate molecular weight (6−22 kD) were active in increasing Oenococcus oeni growth (81.5% of the studied O. oeni strains) in the presence of ethanol in the culture broth. These effects of wine polysaccharides on bacterial growth provide novel and useful information for microbiological control of wines and winemaking biotechnology.This work was supported by Grant AGL2007-60504 of the Ministry of Research and Science of Spain and FEDER of the European Community and the University of La Rioja Grant API07/B02. Lorena Diez was a contractual technician supported by Grant AGL2007-60504.Peer reviewe

Delay in diagnosis of influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 virus infection in critically ill patients and impact on clinical outcome

Background: Patients infected with influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 virus requiring admission to the ICU remain an important source of mortality during the influenza season. The objective of the study was to assess the impact of a delay in diagnosis of community-acquired influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 virus infection on clinical outcome in critically ill patients admitted to the ICU. Methods: A prospective multicenter observational cohort study was based on data from the GETGAG/SEMICYUC registry (2009–2015) collected by 148 Spanish ICUs. All patients admitted to the ICU in which diagnosis of influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 virus infection had been established within the first week of hospitalization were included. Patients were classified into two groups according to the time at which the diagnosis was made: early (within the first 2 days of hospital admission) and late (between the 3rd and 7th day of hospital admission). Factors associated with a delay in diagnosis were assessed by logistic regression analysis. Results: In 2059 ICU patients diagnosed with influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 virus infection within the first 7 days of hospitalization, the diagnosis was established early in 1314 (63.8 %) patients and late in the remaining 745 (36.2 %). Independent variables related to a late diagnosis were: age (odds ratio (OR) = 1.02, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.01–1.03, P < 0.001); first seasonal period (2009–2012) (OR = 2.08, 95 % CI 1.64–2.63, P < 0.001); days of hospital stay before ICU admission (OR = 1.26, 95 % CI 1.17–1.35, P < 0.001); mechanical ventilation (OR = 1.58, 95 % CI 1.17–2.13, P = 0.002); and continuous venovenous hemofiltration (OR = 1.54, 95 % CI 1.08–2.18, P = 0.016). The intra-ICU mortality was significantly higher among patients with late diagnosis as compared with early diagnosis (26.9 % vs 17.1 %, P < 0.001). Diagnostic delay was one independent risk factor for mortality (OR = 1.36, 95 % CI 1.03–1.81, P < 0.001). Conclusions: Late diagnosis of community-acquired influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 virus infection is associated with a delay in ICU admission, greater possibilities of respiratory and renal failure, and higher mortality rate. Delay in diagnosis of flu is an independent variable related to death