Design and comparison of MPPT controllers with fuzzy logic and particle swarm optimization for PV power conversion

The string and micro inverters are the widely used new device topologies in solar power conversion. In many solar inverters, the dc/dc converter is used in a two-stage structure, and are operated by a single maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller. This study deals with the improvement of MPPT algorithms that are proposed with fuzzy logic controller (FLC), hybrid Perturb-Observe (P&O) based FLC, and particle swarm optimization (PSO). The presented methods have been improved and compared in terms of efficiency and tracking capability over conventional P&O method. The comparisons have been performed regarding, to rapidly changing irradiation values and corresponding PV voltages. Several weather conditions simulated have been applied to three MPPT controllers, and simulation results have been investigated. The obtained results have proved that FLC and P&O FLC MPPT methods are significantly efficient in tracking MPP degrade. The observed case studies have also shown that the proposed FLC based and PSO MPPT algorithms remarkably eliminate the limitations with efficiency exceeding 95% comparing to individual P&O algorithm.This study has been supported by TUBITAK under grant number been implemented, and contributions to operation 7180822

Comparison of a two-phase interleaved boost converter and flyback converter

A big majority of electricity energy is generated from naturel sources such as coal, petroleum etc. in all over the world. The reserve of this sources are decreasing. However, the demand of electricity is increasing day by day. The researchers head for alternative energy sources such as biomass, geothermal, marine energies, hydropower, wind and solar. The most important of these is the solar energy. The studies about solar energy are increased in recent years. This study deals with the design and analysis of different converter topologies which are two phase interleaved boost converter and flyback converter in terms of structure, efficiency. Each system is consists of a photovoltaic (PV) module, converter topology and Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithm. The MPPT algorithm is necessary to acquire maximum power from the PV module. The power capacity of each system is 295 W and the input voltage of converters are around 54 V. While the output voltage of two-phase interleaved boost converter is 232 V, the output voltage of flyback converter is 238 V. In this study, it is determined that the efficiency of flyback converter is better than the two-phase interleaved boost converter

Design and analysis of a two-phase interleaved boost converter based microinverter

Renewable energy sources (RESs) are extensively researched nowadays. There are many reasons for this such as air pollution, depletion of energy resources, and decreasing fossil fuels. One of the most widely used RES plant is based on solar energy due to its modular structure. This study includes design and analysis of a two-phase interleaved boost converter based micro inverter which is simulated with MATLAB Simulink software. The power capacity of designed micro inverter is 350W where input voltage is nearby 50V and output voltage is set to 220 Vrms. It consists of two main parts as two-phase interleaved boost converter and H-bridge inverter. They have dedicated controllers to ensure stable operation under varying weather conditions. A maximum power point tracker (MPPT) controls the two-phase interleaved boost converter while the H-bridge is controlled by a PI controller. The THD ratio of voltage and current is 0.66% in FFT spectrum

Highly Efficient Interleaved Solar Converter Controlled with Extended Kalman Filter MPPT

DC-DC power converters play an important role in the performance and control methods of solar power systems. Solar power converters are prone to high power losses due to intermittent irradiation and shading effects on solar photovoltaic (PV) modules. The device topology and control algorithm of a solar power converter are key factors to increase the total amount of harvested energy. In this paper, a solar power converter is proposed with a two−phase interleaved boost converter (IBC) topology and a novel maximum power point tracking (MPPT) method. The proposed MPPT controller is based on extended Kalman filtering (EKF) and it improves the tracking efficiency in both steady irradiation and partial shading conditions. The algorithm is improved with the prediction and estimation capabilities of the EKF algorithm. The proposed EKF MPPT is validated with simulations and experimentally validated by using the implemented two−phase IBC that is comprised of SiC MOSFETs. The proposed converter provides over 99% power conversion efficiency at 3 kW and over 96% MPPT tracking efficiency under partial shading conditions. The experimental studies verify that the proposed MPPT controller and two−phase IBC increase the overall efficiency both in steady-state and partial shading operations of a solar power converter

Highly Efficient Interleaved Solar Converter Controlled with Extended Kalman Filter MPPT

DC-DC power converters play an important role in the performance and control methods of solar power systems. Solar power converters are prone to high power losses due to intermittent irradiation and shading effects on solar photovoltaic (PV) modules. The device topology and control algorithm of a solar power converter are key factors to increase the total amount of harvested energy. In this paper, a solar power converter is proposed with a two−phase interleaved boost converter (IBC) topology and a novel maximum power point tracking (MPPT) method. The proposed MPPT controller is based on extended Kalman filtering (EKF) and it improves the tracking efficiency in both steady irradiation and partial shading conditions. The algorithm is improved with the prediction and estimation capabilities of the EKF algorithm. The proposed EKF MPPT is validated with simulations and experimentally validated by using the implemented two−phase IBC that is comprised of SiC MOSFETs. The proposed converter provides over 99% power conversion efficiency at 3 kW and over 96% MPPT tracking efficiency under partial shading conditions. The experimental studies verify that the proposed MPPT controller and two−phase IBC increase the overall efficiency both in steady-state and partial shading operations of a solar power converter

Chapter 7 - Multilevel inverter applications for electric vehicle drives

Electric vehicles (EVs), both hybrid EVs (HEVs) and plug-in EVs (PEVs), have been widely researched and studied. The PEVs have an all-electric system, while the HEVs are based on joint operation of an internal combustion engine (ICE) and electric motor in the same EV. The PEVs or all-electric vehicles, focused on in this chapter, use a traction drive managed by an electric motor, and the system’s propulsion is obtained by the mechanical energy generated by this electric motor. The motor can also be operated in a generator mode, which generates energy from braking that is used to charge the batteries. In this chapter, a literature survey of EVs is first presented. The PEVs comprise three main stages: batteries, power converters, and electric motor. The power converters are implemented and analyzed in two modes of operation, as a DC-DC converter responsible for energy management of the batteries in charging/discharging intervals, while the second mode is as an inverter, the main focus of the chapter. The applications of multilevel inverters (MLIs) in EVs are covered in detail. MLI topologies used in EV traction control are examined, including cascaded H-bridge, neutral point clamped, active neutral point clamped, t-type neutral point clamped inverters, and others. Control methods are also presented and analyzed

Design and analysis of a micro inverter for PV plants

Renewable energy sources are obviously accepted as clean energy sources of future. The solar energy is the most popular among other renewable energy sources in all over the world. Many studies are performed on photovoltaics (PVs) and solar energy systems. Inverter is the most important power converter section of photovoltaic systems in terms of efficiency in changing weather conditions. This study presents the design and analysis of a micro inverter for PV systems. The proposed micro inverter is designed by using MATLAB Simulink software, and the control algorithms are implemented according to Incremental Conductance method. It consists of isolated boost converter with Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) and H-bridge inverter with PI controller. The reaction of system has been observed under changing irradiation conditions. The implemented micro inverter has compensated the irradiation changes at boost converter stage, and dc-ac conversion process is performed regarding to the designed PI controller. The dc bus voltage is increased to around 300V, and the HF transformer is used to increase inverter input voltage to 420V. The output of inverter is generated with the support of PI controller to track 220Vrms line voltage. The THD rates for both voltage and current are measured at 0.51% in FFT spectrum, and the overall power of the micro inverter is supplied around 315W